- This article is about the French colonies in South America. For the French-claimed sector of Antarctica, see French Southern Territories. The French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Terres australes et antarctiques françaises abbreviated TAAF) full name Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 |
|
|
| Indigenous peoples |
| Colonial Brazil |
| Empire of Brazil |
| 1889–1930 |
| 1930–1945 |
| 1945–1964 |
| 1964–1985 |
| 1985–present |
France Antarctique was the name of the failed French colony south of the Equator, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which existed between 1555 and 1567, and had control over the coast from Rio de Janeiro to Cabo Frio. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Images
Brazil had been discovered in April 1500 by a fleet commanded by Pedro Álvares Cabral on behalf of the Portuguese crown, which arrived in present-day Porto Seguro, Bahia, but except for Salvador (first Brazilian capital city) the rest of the new territory still remained largely unexplored half a century later. Pedro Álvares Cabral (about 1467/1468/1469 &ndash about 1520 ˈpeðɾʊ ˈaɫvɐɾɨʃ kɐˈβɾaɫ in Portuguese, ˈawvaɾiʃ caˈbɾaw in Brazilian) was Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Porto Seguro is a Municipality in Southeastern Bahia, a NE Brazil state and one of the oldest settlements in Portuguese America Bahia (baˈia is one of the 26 States of Brazil, and is located in the northeastern part of the country on the Atlantic coast Salvador (historic name São Salvador da Baía de Todos os Santos, in English "Holy Savior of All Saints' Bay" is a City on the northeast coast of
On November 1, 1555, a Huguenot French vice-admiral named Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon (1510-1575), commanding a small fleet of two ships and 600 soldiers and Huguenot colonists, took possession of the small island of Serigipe in the Guanabara Bay, in front of present-day Rio de Janeiro, where they built a fort named Fort Coligny (in honor of Gaspard de Coligny, a Huguenot admiral who supported the expedition in order to protect his co-religionists). Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon ( Villegaignon, Seine et Marne, France, 1510 &ndash Beauvais, January 9, 1571) was a French In Portuguese, Baía da Guanabara is an oceanic Bay located in southeastern Brazil in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil Fort Coligny was a fortress founded by Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1555, in Gaspard de Coligny ( February 16, 1519 &ndash August 24, 1572) Seigneur (Lord de Châtillon held the office of To the still largely undeveloped mainland village, Villegaignon gave the name of Henriville, in honour of Henri II, the King of France, who also knew of and approved the expedition, and had provided the fleet for the trip. Henry II (Henri II (31 March 1519 &ndash 10 July 1559 of the House of Valois and the son and successor of Francis I, was King of France from 31 However, the French crown failed to make good use of Villegaignon's exploits to expand the reach of the French kingdom into the New World, as was being done at the time with the claims of Jacques Cartier in the present-day province of Québec, Canada. The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia. Jacques Cartier (December 31 1491&ndashSeptember 1 1557 was a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page All of these settlements were in violation of the Papal bull of 1493, which divided the New World between Spain and Portugal. Inter caetera ("Among other " was a Papal bull issued by Pope Alexander VI on 4 May 1493, which granted to Spain This division was later defined more exactly by the Treaty of Tordesillas. The Treaty of Tordesillas ( Portuguese: Tratado de Tordesilhas, Spanish: Tratado de Tordesillas) signed at Tordesillas (now in
Unchallenged by the Portuguese, who initially took little notice of his landing, Villegaignon expanded the colony by bringing more colonists in 1556, this time largely made of Swiss Calvinists from Geneva, in three ships under the command of his nephew, Bois le Comte. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Villegaignon secured his position by making an alliance with the Tamoio and Tupinambá Indians of the region, who were fighting the Portuguese. The Tupi people is one of the main Ethnic groups of Brazilian indigenous people, together with the related Guaraní. The Tupi people is one of the main Ethnic groups of Brazilian indigenous people, together with the related Guaraní. However, in 1560 Mem de Sá, the new Governor-General of Brazil, received from the Portuguese government the command to expel the French. Mem de Sá (c 1500 &ndash March 2, 1572) was a Governor-General of Brazil from 1557-1572 With a fleet of 26 warships and 2,000 soldiers, he attacked and destroyed Fort Coligny within three days, but was unable to drive off their inhabitants and defenders, because they escaped to the mainland with the help of the Indians, where they continued to live and to work. Admiral Villegaignon had returned to France in 1558, disgusted with the religious tension that existed between French Protestants and Catholics, who had come also with the second group (see French Wars of Religion). The French Wars of Religion (1562 to 1598 between French Catholics and Protestants ( Huguenots involved both civil infighting
Urged by two influential Jesuit priests who had come to Brazil with Mem de Sá, named José de Anchieta and Manuel da Nóbrega, and who had played a big role in pacifying the Tamoios, Mem de Sá ordered his nephew, Estácio de Sá to assemble a new attack force. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order José de Anchieta ( March 19 1534 &ndash June 9 1597) was a Canarian Jesuit Missionary to Brazil in Manuel da Nóbrega (old spelling Manoel da Nóbrega) (1517 Sanfins do Douro Trás-os-Montes, Portugal - 1570 was a Portuguese Jesuit priest Estácio de Sá (1520-1567 was a Portuguese Soldier and officer who came to Brazil on orders of the Portuguese crown to wage War on the Estácio de Sá founded the city of Rio de Janeiro on March 1, 1565 and fought the Frenchmen for two more years. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Helped by a military reinforcement sent by his uncle, in January 20, 1567, he imposed final defeat on the French forces and decisively expelled them from Brazil, but died a month later from wounds inflicted in the battle. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Coligny's and Villegaignon's dream had lasted a mere 12 years.
Largely in response to the two attempts of France to conquer territory in Brazil (the other one was named France Équinoxiale and occupied present-day São Luís, state of Maranhão), between 1612 and 1615, the Portuguese crown decided to expand its colonization efforts in Brazil. Equinoctial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South America, around the line of Equator, before " São Luís is the capital of the Brazilian state of Maranhão. Maranhão (maɾaˈɲɐ̃w̃ is one of the states of Brazil in the north-eastern region
See also
- France Équinoxiale
- History of Brazil
- History of Portugal
- History of France
- French colonization of the Americas
- French colonial empires
References
- Pioneers of France in the New World. Equinoctial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South America, around the line of Equator, before " The history of Brazil begins with the arrival of the first indigenous peoples, over 8000 years ago by crossing the Bering land bridge into Alaska and then Portugal is a European Nation whose origins go back to the Early Middle Ages. The History of France has been divided into a series of separate historical articles navigable through the list to the right French colonization of the Americas began in the 14th century and continued in the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western France was a dominant empire in the world from the 1600s to the late 1960s possessing many colonies in various locations around the world By Francis Parkman; University of Nebraska Press, 1996.
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic