Citizendia

Framingham, Massachusetts
The Framingham Historical Society's administrative office
The Framingham Historical Society's administrative office
Official seal of Framingham, Massachusetts
Seal
Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°16′45″N 71°25′00″W / 42.27917, -71.416667
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyMiddlesex
Settled1650
Incorporated1700
Government
 - TypeRepresentative town meeting
Area
 - Total26. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. This is a list of Massachusetts counties, consisting of the 14 Massachusetts counties Middlesex County is a County located in the US state of Massachusetts. A representative town meeting is a form of municipal legislature particularly common in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Vermont Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 4 sq mi (68. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 5 km²)
 - Land25. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 1 sq mi (65. 1 km²)
 - Water1. 3 sq mi (3. 4 km²)
Elevation165 ft (50 m)
Population (2000)
 - Total66,910
 - Density2,663. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/sq mi (1,028. 4/km²)
Time zoneEastern (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST)Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code01701, 01702, 01703, 01704, 01705
Area code(s)508 / 774
FIPS code25-24925
GNIS feature ID0618224
Website: http://www.framinghamma.gov/

Framingham is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 508 was split from Area code 617 on July 16, 1988. In addition northeastern Massachusetts originally a part of the 508 area code was given Area code 774 is an overlay of parts of Area code 508. It was added in 2001 to create more Telephone numbers Exchanges Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout Middlesex County is a County located in the US state of Massachusetts. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the As of the 2000 census, the population was 66,910, making it the most populous town in New England. The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the There have been several proposals to change the town's charter to make Framingham a city, but none has succeeded.

Contents

Pronunciation

The first syllable of the name is pronounced with a long a; that is, the name of the town is pronounced exactly like the two words "framing" and "ham. "

History

Crispus Attucks, from Framingham, was the first person to be killed in the fight for American independence.
Crispus Attucks, from Framingham, was the first person to be killed in the fight for American independence.

Framingham, sited on the ancient trail known as the Old Connecticut Path, was first settled when John Stone settled on the west bank of the Sudbury River in 1647. The Old Connecticut Path was the Native American trail that led westward from the area of Massachusetts Bay to the Connecticut River Valley, the very first of the The Sudbury River is located in Middlesex County in Massachusetts In 1660, Thomas Danforth, an official of the Bay Colony, formerly of Framlingham, Suffolk, received a grant of land at "Danforth's Farms" and began to accumulate over 15,000 acres (61 km²). Thomas Danforth ( 1622 - November 5, 1699) was a judge for the 1692 Salem witch trials in early Colonial America. Framlingham, is a market town in East Suffolk, England.It is of Anglo-Saxon origin and is mentioned in the Domesday Book. He strenuously resisted petitions for incorporation of the town, which was officially incorporated in 1700, following his death the previous year. Why the "L" was dropped for the new town's name is not known. The first church was organized in 1701, the first teacher was hired in 1706, and the first permanent schoolhouse in 1716.

On February 22, 1775, the British general Thomas Gage sent two officers and an enlisted man out of Boston to survey the route to Worcester. Thomas Gage (1719 April 2, 1787) was a British general and commander in chief of the North American forces from 1763 to 1775 during the early days of the Worcester (ˈwʊstɚ is a City in the state of Massachusetts in the United States of America. In Framingham those spies stopped at Buckminster's Tavern. They watched the town militia muster outside the building, impressed with the men's numbers but not their discipline. Though "the whole company" came into the tavern after their drill, the officers managed to remain undetected and continued on their mission the next day. [1] Gage did not order a march along that route, instead ordering troops to Concord on April 18-19. Concord is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, in the United States. Framingham sent two militia companies totaling about 130 men into the Battles of Lexington and Concord that followed; one of those men was wounded. The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. [2]

In the years prior to the Civil War, Framingham was an annual gathering-spot for members of the Abolitionist movement. Abolitionism was a political movement of the 18th and 19th century which sought to make Slavery illegal particularly in the United States and British West Indies Every Independence Day from 1854 to 1865, the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society held a rally in a picnic area called Harmony Grove near what is now downtown Framingham. In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July (or the Fourth) is a Federal holiday commemorating the adoption At the 1854 rally, William Lloyd Garrison burned copies of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, judicial decisions enforcing it, and the United States Constitution. William Lloyd Garrison ( December 12 1805 – May 24 1879) was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer The fugitive slave laws were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. Other prominent Abolitionists present that day included William C. Nell, Sojourner Truth, Wendell Phillips, Lucy Stone, and Henry David Thoreau. Sojourner Truth (1797– November 26, 1883) was the self-given name from 1843 of Isabella Baumfree, an American abolitionist and Women's Wendell Phillips ( 29 November 1811 &ndash 2 February 1884) was an American Abolitionist, advocate for Native Americans Lucy Stone ( August 13, 1818 &ndash October 19, 1893) was a prominent American Suffragist. [3]

During the Post-World War II baby boom, Framingham, like many other suburban areas, experienced a large increase in population and housing. As is often the case after a major war the end of World War II brought a Baby boom to many countries notably those in Europe, Asia, North America Much of the housing constructed during this time consisted of split-level and ranch-style houses. A split-level home is a style of House in which the floor level of one part of the house is about half way between a floor and its ceiling of the other part of the house

Framingham is known for the Framingham Heart Study, as well as for the Dennison Manufacturing Company, which was founded in 1844 as a jewelry and watch box manufacturing company by Aaron Lufkin Dennison, who became the pioneer of the American System of Watch Manufacturing at the nearby Waltham Watch Company. The Framingham Heart Study is a cardiovascular study based in Framingham Massachusetts. Jewellery (also spelled jewelry, see spelling differences) is a personal Ornament, such as a necklace ring or bracelet made from Gemstones A watch is a timepiece that is made to be worn on a person The term now usually refers to a wristwatch, which is worn on the wrist with a strap or Bracelet. Aaron Lufkin Dennison ( March 6, 1812 &ndash January 9, 1895) was an American Watchmaker born in Freeport Maine In the mid 19th century Aaron Lufkin Dennison became inspired by the manufacturing techniques of the United States Armory at Springfield Mass. The Waltham Watch Company, also known as the American Waltham Watch Co His brother, Eliphalet Whorf Dennison, developed the company into a sizable industrial complex, which merged in 1990 into the Avery Dennison, with headquarters in Pasadena, California, and active corporate offices in the town. Avery Dennison Corporation ( produces pressure-sensitive materials (such as self-adhesive labels office products and various paper products Pasadena ( is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States.

In the year 2000, Framingham celebrated its Tercentennial. An anniversary (from the Latin anniversarius, from the words for year and to turn meaning (returning yearly known in English since c.

See also: Historic Places in Framingham, MA

Geography

The Town of Framingham is a community located in eastern Massachusetts, 20 miles (32 km) west of Boston, mid-way between Boston and Worcester. Worcester (ˈwʊstɚ is a City in the state of Massachusetts in the United States of America. At nearly 67,000 inhabitants, Framingham is the largest town in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the hub of the Metrowest region. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. MetroWest is a cluster of cities and towns lying west of Boston and east of Worcester, in the US state of Massachusetts It is bordered by Southborough and Marlborough on the west; Sherborn and Ashland on the south; Natick on the east; Wayland on the northeast; and Sudbury on the north. Southborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Marlborough is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Sherborn is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Ashland Massachusetts is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Natick (Pronunciation ˈneɪtɪk is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Wayland is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Sudbury is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Framingham is 197 miles (317 km) from New York City. The City of New York

The town of Framingham is divided by Route 9, which passes east-to-west through the middle of the town. Route 9 is a major east-west State highway in Massachusetts. Along with US 20 to the south and Route 2 to the north this highway is one South Framingham includes Downtown Framingham (the town government seat), and the villages of Coburnville, Lokerville and Salem End Road. North Framingham includes the villages of Nobscot, Pinefield, Ridgefield and Saxonville plus Framingham Center (the physical center of town, featuring the town commons).

Climate

National Climatic Data Center (Framingham Station)[4]

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 66,910 people, 26,153 households, and 16,573 families residing in the town. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 2,663. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6 people per square mile (1,028. 4/km²). There were 26,734 housing units at an average density of 1,064. 3/sq mi (410. 9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 79. 77% White American, 5. 09% Black or African American, 0. The term black people usually refers to a racial group of Humans with dark Skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa 17% Native American, 5. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States 27% Asian American, 0. Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian 04% Pacific Islander American, 6. Pacific Islander Americans are residents of the United States with original ancestry from Oceania. 27% from other races, and 3. 38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. Hispanic (hispano hispánico hispânico Hispānus adjective from ''Hispānia'', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically 86% of the population. [5]

Brazilian immigrants have a major presence in Framingham and even though the official US Census data shows only a few thousand, local estimates that the number residing in the town is believed to be around 17,000 though many references will go much higher. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld [6][7][8][9] Since the '80s, a large segment of the Brazilian population has come from the single city of Governador Valadares. Governador Valadares is a Brazilian city in the state of Minas Gerais. [10]

There were 26,153 households out of which 29. 1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50. 0% were married couples living together, 10. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36. 6% were non-families. 28. 7% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 43 and the average family size was 3. 02.

In the town, the population was spread out with 21. 4% under the age of 18, 9. 0% from 18 to 24, 34. 5% from 25 to 44, 22. 1% from 45 to 64, and 13. 0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91. 3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88. 6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $54,288, and the median income for a family was $67,420. Males had a median income of $46,122 versus $35,941 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,758. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 8. 0% of families and 16. 0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 4% of those under age 18 and 6. 1% of those age 65 or over. [11]

Housing

Framingham is one of the few towns in Massachusetts that has met its legal requirement of 10% for Chapter 40B Affordable housing which mostly targets people with income levels in the 70% of median income. In addition to its 40B Affordable component, Framingham has a large percentage of rental units which target people in the 30% of median income bracket. Framingham has a much larger percentage of renter households than any of the surrounding towns. Statewide, the median income of renter households is 47% of the median for homeowners, and in Middlesex County it is slightly more than 50%. In Framingham, the median renter income of $33,626 is 45% of the median homeowner income of $75,040. [12]

Housing in South Framingham is mainly single family houses on small lots (under half an acre),[13] multi-family homes or apartments. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U Additionally much of the town's affordable housing is located south of Route 9. However there a large number of large, single family homes around Salem End Road on the West Side of South Framingham. This region is often overlooked as being in South Framingham because the area is physically separated from most of the South Side due to a series of reservoirs and the Sudbury River. The Sudbury River is located in Middlesex County in Massachusetts [14] Also, there are many large Victorian houses located along the shores of Learned and Gleason Ponds, and along Concord St. A Victorian house is a term generally used to describe a house built during the Victorian era (1840-1904 a time of rapid industrialization in Europe and and Union Ave. near Downtown Framingham. Additionally, the West Side of South Framingham along Route 9 has several large tracts of multi story apartment buildings that comprise a major part of the town's apartment stock. [15][16][17]

North Framingham was originally mostly farmland and gave way to large tracts of single family housing on large lots (over half an acre) after World War II. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U The village of Saxonville on the east side is an old mill area that consists of many Victorian homes, and is undergoing a large expansion of over six hundred new homes on a former gravel pit. Gravel pit is the British English term for an open cast working for extraction of Gravel (river-deposited rounded stones The village of Nobscot on the western side has many homes that are valued above mean housing prices for the region. While there are several small apartment complexes on the North Side, most have been converted to condominiums. In the 1950s and 1960s, the villages of Nobscot, Pinefield and Saxonville all had a large number of slab and raised ranch-style houses constructed by the Campanelli Company. Ranch-style houses (also American Ranch, California Ranch, Rambler or Rancher) is an American domestic Architectural style (although These homes are classic cookie-cutter style homes that feature the same general shape and floor plan; while there are six or seven styles of the houses, the large majority of which are referred to Campanelli "L" ranches because their floor plan resembles the letter "L". A floor plan ( floorplan) in Architecture and Building engineering is a Diagram, usually to scale, of the relationships between rooms L is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is el or occasionally ell (ɛl At the time of construction, these homes were considered by many to be the epitome of the American dream of homeownership; today they are viewed as more modest homes.

Today, most of Framingham land has been developed with the exception of some parcels in the northwest quadrant. In this part of town there are more people with wells and septic systems, combined with a large amount of ledge, which prevents most of the unbuilt land from being developed.

Government

Main article: Government of Framingham, MA

Framingham's government is similar to the structure of other New England town governments, and is based on the same "three legged stool" as the Federal government which has the executive (president), legislative (congress) and judicial (supreme court) branches. In Framingham a Strong Town Manager governs the town as executive, with a representative Town Meeting serving as the legislative branch. The five member Board of Selectmen is officially the judicial branch, but in fact is responsible for policy decisions that have no impact on the town that exceed the three years of their elected office.

Education

Main article: Education in Framingham, MA

Framingham has twelve public schools (one pre-school, eight elementary schools, three middle schools, and one two-campus high school) which comprise the Framingham Public School District. The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and The school district's main offices are located in the Jonathan Maynard Building on Vernon Street in Framingham Center with additional offices at the King School on Water St. The town also has a regional vocational high school and one charter school. ATTENTION *** This article is not "Vocational education in the United States" Charter schools are elementary or secondary schools in the United States that receive public money but [18] Framingham is also home to several private schools, three parochial schools, one Jewish day school, three colleges and several specialty schools. For the film of this title see Private School (film. Private schools, or Independent schools are Schools not administered Parochial school is one term used (particularly in the United States) to describe a school that engages in Religious education in addition to conventional Education PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ College ( Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an Educational Institution.

Transportation

Framingham is located approximately halfway between Worcester, the commercial center of Central Massachusetts, and Boston, New England's leading port and metropolitan area. Rail and highway facilities connect these major centers and other communities in the Greater Boston Metropolitan Area. [19]

Major highways

Framingham is served by one Interstate and four state highways:

Route numberTypeLocal nameDirection
Interstate 90Interstate, limited access toll road The Massachusetts Turnpikeeast/west
Route 9State route, divided highwayWorcester Rd. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) State highway, state road or state route can refer to one of three related concepts two of them related to a State government in a country that is divided Interstate 90 (I-90 is the longest interstate highway in the United States at nearly 3100 miles (5000 kilometers The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) A toll road, (also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike, or toll highway, especially if it is constructed to Freeway standards The Massachusetts Turnpike (commonly shortened to the MassPike or The Pike) is the easternmost 138-mile (222 km stretch of Interstate 90. Route 9 is a major east-west State highway in Massachusetts. Along with US 20 to the south and Route 2 to the north this highway is one
The Boston/Worcester Turnpike, Ted Williams Highway		east/west
Route 30State route, partial divided highwayCochituate Rd. Theodore Samuel "Ted" Williams ( August 30, 1918 – July 5, 2002) also nicknamed The Kid, the Splendid Splinter Route 30 is an east-west arterial connecting Grafton with Packard's Corner in Boston. , Worcester Rd. and Pleasant St. east/west
Route 126State route, primary roadOld Connecticut Path, School St, Concord St. Route 126 is a north-south State highway in Massachusetts. It begins at the Rhode Island state line in Woonsocket, and proceeds 33 and Hollis St. north/south
Route 135State route, primary roadWaverly St. Route 135 is an east-west state highway in Massachusetts, running from U east/west

Mass-transit

Rail

Bus

Commuter services

Park and ride services:[26]

Private services

Framingham has two taxi companies, Tommy's Taxi and Town Taxi, and several limousine companies that service the area. A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of Public transport for a single passenger or small group of passengers typically for a non-shared ride A limousine (or limo) is a longer than normal Luxury car. The chassis may have been extended by the manufacturer or by an independent coach builder traditionally

Economy

Framingham's economy is predominantly derived from retail and office complexes. There are scatterings of small manufacturing facilities and commercial services such plumbing, mechanical and electrical expected to be found in communities of its size. Framingham has three major business districts within the town, The "Golden Triangle," Downtown/South Framingham and West Framingham. Additionally, there area several smaller business hubs in the villages of Framingham Center, Saxonville, Nobscot and along the Route 9 corridor.

Golden Triangle

The Golden Triangle was originally a three square mile district on the eastern side of Framingham, bordered by Worcester Rd. (Route 9), Cochituate Rd. (Route 30), and Speen Street in Natick. Natick (Pronunciation ˈneɪtɪk is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. In 1993, the area began to expand beyond the borders of the triangle with construction of a BJ's Wholesale Club and Super Stop & Shop just north of Route 30. BJ's Wholesale Club Inc ( is a membership-only Warehouse club chain operating on the United States East Coast, as well as in the state of Ohio. The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company is a chain of Supermarkets located mostly in New England and Long Island. [29] It now includes the original area plus parts of Old Connecticut Path. , Concord St. (Route 126) and Speen St. north of Route 30. Because of the size and complexity of this area, Framingham and Natick cooperatively operate it a single distinct district with similar zoning. Zoning is a term used in Urban planning for a system of land-use Regulation in various parts of the world including North America the United Kingdom The area is one of the largest shopping districts in New England. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the

This area was formed with the construction of Shoppers World in 1951. Shoppers World is the name of a power center, located on Route 9, near the intersection of Route 30 and the Mass Pike ( I-90) in Shoppers' World was a large open air shopping mall, the second in the US and the first east of the Mississippi River. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to [30] This mall drew many other retail construction projects to the area, including Marshalls (1961, rebuilt as Bed, Bath and Beyond 1997),[31] Caldor (1966, Rebuilt as Wal*Mart in 2002),[32] Bradlees (1960s, rebuilt as Kohl's in 2002),[33] the Route 30 Mall (1970),[34] an AMC Theaters, the Framingham Mall (1978, rebuilt 2000)[35] and Lowes (formally the Verizon Building, 2006). Marshalls Inc, is a chain of American Department stores owned by TJX Companies. Bed Bath & Beyond Inc ( was formed in 1971 and today operates a chain of domestic merchandise retail stores across North America. Caldor was a chain of Discount department stores based in Norwalk Connecticut. Wal-Mart Stores Inc (or Walmart as written in its new logo is an American public corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores Bradlees was a chain of Discount department stores which operated primarily in the Northeastern United States. Kohl's Corporation ( is an American Department store chain headquartered in Menomonee Falls Wisconsin, a suburb of Milwaukee. Lowe's Companies Inc ( is a US -based chain of Retail Home improvement and appliance stores "Verizon" redirects here this article is about the corporation see also Verizon Wireless, Verizon Online DSL and Verizon FiOS. [36] Complementary developments in Natick include the Natick Mall (1966, rebuilt in 1991, expanded 2007 & renamed Natick Collection),[37] Sherwood Plaza (1960),[38] Cloverleaf Marketplace (1978)[39] and the Home Depot. The Natick Collection, formerly known as Natick Mall until February 2007 is a large Shopping mall owned by General Growth Properties (GGP located near The Home Depot ( is an American Retailer of Home improvement and construction products and services In 1994, Shoppers' World was demolished and replaced with a strip mall. [40] There also seven hotels and two car dealerships, Framingham Nissan/Jeep and Herb Connolly Chevrolet, located within the Triangle. Jeep is an Automobile Marque (and registered trademark of Chrysler. Chevrolet (ˌʃɛvroʊˈleɪ - French origin (also known as Chevy) is a Brand of Automobile, produced by General Motors (GM

In addition to retail properties, there are large office developments located in the area including several companies headquartered in the triangle; the world headquarters of TJX is located at the junction of Route 30 and Speen St, as is the main office of IDG and IDC. The TJX Companies Incorporated ( is the largest international apparel and home fashions off-price Department store chain in the United States. International Data Group ( IDG) is a technology media research and event management organization International Data Corporation ( IDC) is a Market research and analysis firm specializing in Information technology, Telecommunications and consumer Breyers, Leggat McCall, the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society all have facilities in the area. Breyers Ice Cream is a brand of Ice cream owned by Unilever (part of their United States Good Humor-Breyers unit The American Heart Association (AHA is a Non-profit organization in the United States that fosters appropriate The American Cancer Society ( ACS) is the "nationwide community-based voluntary health organization dedicated to Boston Scientific headquarters is housed in Natick, in the old Carling Brewery building and former Prime parkway complex. The Boston Scientific Corporation ( (abbreviated BSC is a worldwide developer Manufacturer and marketer of medical devices whose products are used in a range of interventional Carling is the name of a brand of Lager in Canada, Australia, South Africa and the United Kingdom. Prime Computer was a Natick Massachusetts -based producer of Minicomputers from 1972 until 1992 BJ's Wholesale Club's headquarters is located behind Sherwood Plaza on route 9, on the south side of the triangle. BJ's Wholesale Club Inc ( is a membership-only Warehouse club chain operating on the United States East Coast, as well as in the state of Ohio. In all there are over a dozen large office complexes located in and along the borders of the Triangle.

Downtown and South Framingham

The Memorial Building, Framingham's town hall
The Memorial Building, Framingham's town hall
Framingham Public Library, Lexington St.
Framingham Public Library, Lexington St.

The downtown area is located between the "Y"-shaped traffic circle formed by the intersection of Concord St. A traffic circle is an intersection with a circular shape and usually a central island and Union Ave. , called Memorial Square, to the north and its mirror intersection at the junction of Irving St. and Hollis St. on the south end. The area is bisected by Waverly St. (Route 135) and the MBTA Commuter Rail tracks. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority ( MBTA) is "a body politic and corporate and a political subdivision" of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Commuter rail, regional rail or suburban rail is a Passenger rail transport service between a city center and outer suburbs and Commuter towns The anchoring structure of Downtown is the town hall, The Memorial Building. [41]

South Framingham became the commercial center of the town with the advent of the railroad in the 1880s. It eventually came to house Dennison Manufacturing and the former General Motors Framingham Assembly plant, but the area under went a financial downturn after the closure of these facilities during the late 1980s. Avery Dennison Corporation ( produces pressure-sensitive materials (such as self-adhesive labels office products and various paper products General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Framingham Assembly was a General Motors factory in Framingham Massachusetts which opened in 1947 [42] An influx of Hispanic and Brazilian immigrants helped to revitalize the district starting in the early 2000s. Hispanic (hispano hispánico hispânico Hispānus adjective from ''Hispānia'', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Along with Brazilian and Spanish oriented retail shops, there are restaurants, legal and financial services, the town offices and library, an art museum, police headquarters, and the local branch of the Social Security Administration. The United States Social Security Administration ( SSA) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that administers Several Asian and Indian stores and restaurants add to the rich ethnic flavor of the area, and many small businesses, restaurants and automotive-oriented shops line Waverly St. The culture of Asia is the artificial aggregate of the Cultural heritage of many nationalities, societies, Religions and Ethnic groups Indian Americans are Americans who are of Indian ancestry The U from Natick in east to Winter St. in the west. [43]

In 2006, the Fitts Market & Hemenway buildings façades underwent a restoration project; these newly renovated structures were awarded a 2006 Massachusetts Historical Commission Preservation Award in the Restoration and Rehabilitation Category. [44] In addition, several retail and housing projects involving the Arcade Building and the former Dennison Building Complex are in the planning stages or under construction. [45][46]

West Framingham

The business section on the West Side of Framingham runs primarily along Route 9, starting at Temple St. ; it is dominated by two large office/industrial parks: the Framingham Industrial Park on the north side of Route 9 and the Framingham Technology Park on the south side, both on the Ashland/Southborogh border. Bose and Staples both have their world headquarters in these parks;[47] in addition, Genzyme, Capital One, Computer Associates, ITT Tech and the local paper, the Metrowest Daily News, all have major facilities located there. Staples Inc is the world's largest Office supply Retail store chain with over 2000 stores Worldwide in 27 countries Genzyme Corporation ( is a biotechnology company based in Cambridge Massachusetts. Capital One Financial Corp ( is a McLean Virginia -based Bank holding company specializing in Credit cards, home loans, Auto loans CA Inc &mdash formerly Computer Associates Inc &mdash is a multinational Computer software corporation headquartered in Islandia New York. ITT Technical Institute (often shortened to ITT Tech is a private for-profit, technical institute with 100 campuses in 35 states of the United States The MetroWest Daily News is a morning and afternoon Daily newspaper in Framingham Massachusetts, USA, serving the MetroWest Two of Framingham's seven major auto dealerships are also located in West Framingham: Ford and Toyota/Scion. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. This article is on the car division of Toyota. For others see Scion (disambiguation. [48][49]

The large tracts of multi-story apartment and condominium complexes line both sides of Route 9 from Temple St. A condominium, or condo, is a form of Housing tenure and other Real property where a specified part of a piece of real estate (usually of an apartment to the industrial parks. These buildings represent the majority of Framingham's multi-family dwellings, and along with the business complexes, helped create a large network support services on the West Side: Framingham's second Super Stop & Shop supermarket,[50] dozens of restaurants and pubs, Sheraton[51] and Marriott[52] hotels and a large day-care facility all are in the two mile (3 km) section of Route 9 from Temple St. Day care or child care is care of a child during the Day by a person other than the child's Parents or Legal guardians typically someone outside to Ashland. Ashland Massachusetts is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.

Villages and Route 9

The Common in Framingham Center
The Common in Framingham Center

Framingham Center is the physical and historic center of town. Formed at the junctions of Worcester Rd. (Route 9), Pleasant St. Route 9 is a major east-west State highway in Massachusetts. Along with US 20 to the south and Route 2 to the north this highway is one (Route 30), High St. , Main St. and Edgell Rd. [53] the dominating presence is Framingham State College. Framingham State College is located in Framingham, Massachusetts, USA, 20 miles from Boston The large, but compact school is home to several thousand students, about one third of which live on campus. [54] In the late 1960s, MassHighway replaced the grade crossing with a beetleback, destroying the south half of the old Center retail district. The Massachusetts Highway Department ( MassHighway) is the Highway department in the United States Commonwealth of Massachusetts, responsible The remaining half houses several small stores, restaurants, realtors and legal offices. The National Association of Realtors (NAR whose members are known as realtors (rē(əltər -ˌtôr is North America's largest Trade association representing The old Boston and Worcester Street Railway depot, on the east side of the Center, was converted in to a strip mall in the early 1980 and houses the Center Postal Station (01704) and several small stores. s[55] The Center is rounded out by One and Two Edgell Rd. (two small retail/office buildings), the historic Village Hall,[56] the Jonathon Maynard Building (a former school converted to an office building which now houses most of the school district's administration), the Framingham Historical Society and Museum,[57] several banks, a Chinese restaurant, the American Medical Response paramedic station and McCarthy Office Building. In the United States, a village hall is the seat of government for Villages It functions much as a City hall does within cities American Medical Response Inc ( AMR) is the largest private Ambulance provider in the United States.

The village of Nobscot, located at the intersection of Water St. , Edmands Rd and Edgell Rd. , and the Pinefield/Saxonville villages, located where Concord St. , Water St. , and Central St. intersect,[58][59] are home to several small office buildings, strip malls and gas stations. Saxonville is the home of the former Roxbury Carpet Company buildings, now an industrial park.

In addition, the section of Route 9 from the Route 126 overpass to the Main St. An overpass (called a flyover in the UK and most Commonwealth countries is a Bridge, Road, Railway or /Edgell Rd. beetleback in Framingham Center is heavily developed. Three car dealerships, Acura, Chevrolet and Nissan, several strip malls of varying sizes, many small apartment complexes, several small office complexes and other small shops and restaurants make Route 9 the main commercial thoroughfare in Framingham. Acura (アキュラ Akyura is the luxury vehicle division of Japanese automaker Honda Motor Company. Chevrolet (ˌʃɛvroʊˈleɪ - French origin (also known as Chevy) is a Brand of Automobile, produced by General Motors (GM

Finally, there are several other small retail areas and facilities spread through out the town, e. g. near Mt Wayte Ave and Franklin St. ; the intersection of Concord St. and Hartford St. ; and along School St. , near Hamilton St.

Healthcare

Media

Newspapers and websites

The Town of Framingham is served by:

Television and cable

Framingham has a public access and local origination television station called The Framingham Channel, which airs on Channel 9 (Comcast), Channel 3 (RCN) and Channel 39 (Verizon). Residents can create and produce their own television programs that reflect the personality of the community, and have them cablecast on community access channels.

Radio

Utilities


Points of interest

Framingham features dozens of athletic fields and civic facilities spread throughout the town in schools and public parks. [67] Many of the recreational facilities were constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps during the New Deal. Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC) was a Work relief program for young men from unemployed families established on March 21, 1933, by U The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D

Culture

Parks

Conservation land

Recreation

Places of worship

Main article: Places of Worship in Framingham, MA

Notable people

Christa McAuliffe, the planned first teacher in space, grew up in the town of Framingham.
Christa McAuliffe, the planned first teacher in space, grew up in the town of Framingham.

Politics

Sports

Arts and sciences

Media

Other

Sister Cities

See also

References

  1. ^ General Gage's Instructions, Boston: John Gill, 1779. Mary Beth Cahill is an American Political figure, who served as the Campaign manager of Senator John Kerry 's campaign for } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator Adam B Schiff (born June 20 1960) is an American politician He first served in the California State Senate Ronald E "Ron" Burton ( July 25, 1936 – September 13, 2003) became a college All-American Running back at The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. A running back ( RB) is the position of a player on an American or Canadian football team who usually lines up in the offensive backfield. The New England Patriots, commonly called the " Pats " by sports writers and fans are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston Blake Bellefeuille (born December 27, 1977, in Framingham, Massachusetts) is a professional Ice hockey center. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The Columbus Blue Jackets are a professional Ice hockey team based in Columbus, Ohio, United States. William Roger Clemens (born August 4, 1962 in Dayton, Ohio) is an American Right-handed Pitcher in Major In Baseball, the pitcher is the player who throwsthe baseball from the Pitcher's mound toward the Catcher to begin each play with the goal of The Boston Red Sox are a Professional baseball team based in Boston Massachusetts, and are the reigning (2007 World Series Champions. Richard Leo "Rich" Gedman (born September 26, 1959) is a former Major League Baseball Catcher and left-handed batter who played with Catcher is also a general term for a fielder who catches the ball in Cricket. The Boston Celtics are an American professional Basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts, playing in the Atlantic Division of the Louis William "Sweet Lou" Merloni (born April 6, 1971 in Framingham Massachusetts) is a former Major League Baseball player Jeffrey James Reardon (born October 1 1955 in Dalton Massachusetts) nicknamed " The Terminator " is a former Relief pitcher A relief pitcher or reliever is a Baseball or Softball Pitcher who enters the game after the Starting pitcher is removed due to injury John Stagikas (born July 31 1979) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his Ring name, "Hurricane" Mark Patrick Sweeney (born October 26, 1969 in Framingham, Massachusetts) is a First baseman and a Corner outfielder in Bobby Thompson (born May 7, 1981 in Framingham, Massachusetts) is an American Soccer Midfielder, who was last with the Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Harold Joseph "Pie" Traynor ( November 11, 1898 - March 16, 1972) was a Professional baseball Third baseman who Ezra Ames ( May 5, 1768 - February 23, 1836) was a popular Portrait painter in Albany New York during the late 18th and Anthony J ("Tony" Barbieri (born August 26, 1963, Framingham Massachusetts) is an American Comedy writer and performer Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Michael J Clouse (sometimes credited as Michael J Clouse III) music producer and songwriter was born in Boston, Massachusetts in the mid-1950s A songwriter is someone who writes the Lyrics to songs the Musical composition (chords or Melody to songs or both In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a Berklee College of Music, founded in 1945 is an independent music College in Boston Massachusetts. Sharon Christa Corrigan McAuliffe ( September 2, 1948 – January 28, 1986) was an American teacher from Concord New Hampshire In Education, a teacher is one who helps Students or pupils often in a School, as well as in a Family, religious or An astronaut or cosmonaut (космона́вт) is a person trained The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster took place on January 28 1986 when ''Challenger'', a Space Shuttle operated by NASA, broke apart Gordon Mumma (born March 30, 1935, in Framingham Massachusetts) is a Composer. A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller (First two names are pronounced Mee-ta Vow; IPA /mɪi tɑ/ /vaʊ/) ( June 9, 1877 - March 18, 1968 African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Dr Solomon Carter Fuller ( 1872 - 1953) was a pioneering African-American psychiatrist who made significant contributions to the study of Alzheimer's disease Kenny Wilson redirects here for the football player see Kenny Wilson (footballer Kenneth Robert Wilson (born 28 September, 1965 Marilyn Manson is an American Alternative metal band based in Los Angeles California. Tom Caron, originally from Lewiston Maine is a television sports personality sportscaster and Play-by-play sportscaster in the New England area The New England Sports Network, or NESN, is a regional Cable television network that covers the six New England states except Fairfield County Connecticut Currently on WBZ-AM 1030 in Boston Massachusetts, Jordan Rich hosts his overnight talk show on Friday and Saturday nights as well as a broadcast on Sunday evenings WBZ is the callsign for an AM Radio station in Boston Massachusetts which is owned by CBS Radio (formerly Infinity Broadcasting Amar Gopal Bose ( Bengali: অমর গোপাল বসু Amar Gopal Boshu) (born November 2, 1929) is the chairman and founder of Bose John Nixon (1724-1815 was an American Brigadier general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Charles Henry Parkhurst ( 17 April 1842 &ndash September 8, 1933) was an American clergyman and social reformer born in Framingham Lomonosov (Ломоно́сов before 1948 Oranienbaum, ru Ораниенба́ум is a town under the jurisdiction of St Governador Valadares is a Brazilian city in the state of Minas Gerais. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld A representative town meeting is a form of municipal legislature particularly common in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Vermont
  2. ^ Samuel Adams Drake, History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts (Boston: Estes & Lauriat, 1880), vol. 1, p. 443
  3. ^ Donald Yacovone, "A Covenant with Death and an Agreement with Hell," at http://www.masshist.org/objects/2005july.cfm
  4. ^ The Department of Housing and Community Development
  5. ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  6. ^ Brazilian is not Hispanic
  7. ^ US Census Demographic data for 2000
  8. ^ Immigrant groups put new spin on cleaning niche
  9. ^ USCCB Migration & Refugee Services
  10. ^ Brazilian Immigration to Massachusetts: Newcomers to a Foreign Land
  11. ^ Demographical listings of Framingham on www.city-data.com
  12. ^ Framingham Housing Plan Population Profile
  13. ^ Framingham Housing Plan
  14. ^ Sudbury Reservoirs on the DCR web site
  15. ^ Edgewater Hills on EveryAptMapped.com
  16. ^ Edgewater Village on EveryAptMapped.com
  17. ^ Edgewater Terrace on BostonApartments.com
  18. ^ School listings on Framingham.com
  19. ^ Department of Housing and Community Development
  20. ^ Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district
  21. ^ MBTA Map of Commuter Rail service in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Rhode Island
  22. ^ Map showing Logan Express in Framingham
  23. ^ Mitch Evich (2007-02-01). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Framingham forms regional transit authority. Massachusetts Municipal Association. Retrieved on 2007-09-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the
  24. ^ Lift Bus routes and schedules
  25. ^ Andrew J. Manuse (2007-07-22). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Southborough-Marlborough "model" to be picked up by MetroWest transit authority. MetroWest Daily News. Retrieved on 2007-09-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the
  26. ^ Park & Ride locations in Massachusetts
  27. ^ Map showing park and ride lot at Shoppers World
  28. ^ Map showing Park & Ride in West Framingham
  29. ^ Other Development in the Golden Triangle on Framingham/Natick Retail
  30. ^ History of [Shoppers World on Massmomonets. org]
  31. ^ The Marshals Mall on Framingham/Natick Retail
  32. ^ Caldor on Framingham/Natick Retail
  33. ^ Bradlees on Framingham/Natick Retail
  34. ^ History of the Route 30 Mall on Framingham/Natick Retail
  35. ^ the Framingham Mall on Framingham/Natick Retail
  36. ^ The Verizon Building on Framingham/Natick Retail
  37. ^ The Natick Mall on Framingham/Natick Retail
  38. ^ Sherwood Plaza on Framingham/Natick Retail
  39. ^ The Evolution of the Cloverleaf Mall on Framingham/Natick Retail
  40. ^ Bid Adieu Shoppers World
  41. ^ Downtown Framingham Economic Development Strategic Plan on Framingham.com
  42. ^ Downtown Revitalization in Framingham plan on STEPPS.com
  43. ^ Shop Downton Guide on Framingham.com
  44. ^ 2006 MHC Preservation Award Winners
  45. ^ Framingham Arcade reconstruction project designed Beals and Thomas
  46. ^ The Residences at Dennison Triangle on Framingham.com
  47. ^ Local Bus Schedule with maps of these Company HQs
  48. ^ Bernardi Toyota
  49. ^ Framingham Ford
  50. ^ Stop and Shop stores in Framingham
  51. ^ Sheraton Framingham on Sheraton.com
  52. ^ Framingham Residence Inn on Marriott.com
  53. ^ Map of Framingham Center on HomeTownLocator.com
  54. ^ Framingham State College's home page
  55. ^ Boston & Worcester trolley on iougs.com
  56. ^ Village Hall home page
  57. ^ Framingham Historical Society and Museum home page
  58. ^ Shopping Nobscot on framingham.com
  59. ^ Shopping Saxonville on framingham.com
  60. ^ MetroWest Daily News
  61. ^ The Framingham Tab
  62. ^ Boston Globe West Regional Edition
  63. ^ a b c The Boston Radio Dial: WKOX(AM). The Archives @ BostonRadio. org. (2007-02-25). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Retrieved on 2007-09-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers
  64. ^ The Boston Radio Dial: WSRO(AM). The Archives @ BostonRadio. org (2007-02-25). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Retrieved on 2007-09-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers
  65. ^ The Boston Radio Dial: WBIX(AM). The Archives @ BostonRadio. org (2007-02-25). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Retrieved on 2007-09-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers
  66. ^ WDJM Staff (2007-09-12). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the WDJM 91.3 MySpace page. MySpace. com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers
  67. ^ Listing of public parks run by the Framingham Parks and Recreation Department
  68. ^ Amazing Things Arts Center
  69. ^ Framingham Community Theater
  70. ^ Framingham Historical Society and Museum
  71. ^ The Danforth Museum
  72. ^ Callahan State Park on the DCR web site
  73. ^ Cochituate State Park on the DCR web site
  74. ^ Framingham State College website
  75. ^ Framingham Cultural Directory
  76. ^ Framingham Conservation Land
  77. ^ Wittenborg Woods
  78. ^ Arthur-Morency Woods
  79. ^ Map of SVT Properties in Framingham
  80. ^ Crispus Attucks from Africans in America; Crispus Attucks- The Real Story
  81. ^ (1967) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Marquis Who's Who.  
  82. ^ FLAME http://www.framingham.com/org/flame/index.htm/
  83. ^ Brazilian delegation coming to MetroWest - Framingham, MA - The MetroWest Daily News

Further reading

External links

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