Cracks in rock resulting from stress

A fracture is any local separation or discontinuity plane in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides the rock into two or more pieces. In the field of Mineralogy, fracture is a term used to describe the shape and texture of the surface formed when a Mineral is broken A fracture is the (local separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. Stress is a measure of the average amount of Force exerted per unit Area. In geology the term joint refers to a fracture in rock where there has been no lateral movement in the plane of the fracture (up down or sideways of one side In Geology a fault, or fault line, is a planar rock fracture which shows evidence of relative movement Fractures are commonly caused by stress exceeding the rock strength. Fractures can provide permeability for fluid movement, such as water or hydrocarbons. Permeability in the Earth sciences (commonly symbolized as κ, or k) is a measure of the ability of a material (typically a rock or unconsolidated In Organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an Organic compound consisting entirely of Hydrogen and Carbon. Highly fractured rocks can make good aquifers or hydrocarbon reservoirs, since they may possess both significant permeability and fracture porosity. An aquifer is an underground layer of Water -bearing Permeable rock or unconsolidated materials ( Gravel, Sand, Silt, or Clay A petroleum reservoir or an oil and gas reservoir (or system) is a subsurface pool of Hydrocarbons contained in porous Permeability in the Earth sciences (commonly symbolized as κ, or k) is a measure of the ability of a material (typically a rock or unconsolidated

Fractures are generally produced by the action of natural stress on the rock, however they can also be created as a result of natural or man made hydraulic fracturing. Stress is a measure of the average amount of Force exerted per unit Area. Hydraulic fracturing is a method used to create fractures that extend from a Borehole into Rock formations which are typically maintained by a proppant