Fort Stanwix National Monument
IUCN Category V (Protected Landscape/Seascape)
Aerial view of Fort Stanwix
Location	112 E. Park St. , Rome, NY
Area	16 acres (6. Rome is a City in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 34950 at the 2000 census. 4 ha)
Established	August 21, 1935
Visitors	84,933 (in 2002)
Governing body	National Park Service

Fort Stanwix
(U.S. National Historic Landmark)
Coordinates:	43°12′67″N 75°27′32″W / 43.21861, -75.45889Coordinates: 43°12′67″N 75°27′32″W / 43.21861, -75.45889
Built/Founded:	1758
Designated as NHL:	November 23, 1962 [1]
Added to NRHP:	October 15, 1966 [2]
NRHP Reference#:	66000057

Fort Stanwix was a colonial fort whose construction was started on August 26, 1758 by British General John Stanwix, at the location of present-day Rome, New York, but was not completed until about 1762. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Year 1758 ( MDCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common John Stanwix (born about 1690 England; died at sea December 1765 was a British soldier Rome is a City in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 34950 at the 2000 census. The fort guarded a portage known as the Oneida Carrying Place during the French and Indian War. Portage refers to the practice of carrying a Canoe or other Boat over land to avoid an obstacle on the water route (such as Rapids or a Waterfall The Oneida Carry was a Portage route between the Mohawk River and Wood Creek, used in Colonial America ( 1565 - 1776) The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. A reconstructed fort has been built at the site by the National Park Service, and the Fort Stanwix National Monument lies in the center of the modern city. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation

Fort Stanwix was abandoned in 1768 and allowed to go to ruin.

In 1768, Fort Stanwix was the site of an important treaty conference between the British and the Iroquois, arranged by William Johnson. Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was an important Treaty between North American Indians and the British Empire. The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse Sir William Johnson 1st Baronet (1715 &ndash 11 July 1774) founder of Johnstown, New York, was an Irish pioneer and army By the time of this treaty the fort had become a dilapidated inactive fort. The purpose of the conference was to renegotiate the boundary line between Indian lands and white settlements set forth in the Proclamation of 1763. The Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763 by King George III following Great Britain 's acquisition of French territory The British government hoped a new boundary line might bring an end to the rampant frontier violence, which had become costly and troublesome. Indians hoped a new, permanent line might hold back white colonial expansion.

The final treaty was signed on November 5, and extended the earlier proclamation line much further west. The Iroquois had effectively ceded Kentucky to the whites. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. However, the Indians who actually used the Kentucky lands, primarily Shawnee, Delaware, and Cherokee, had no role in the negotiations. The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. Delaware ( is a state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The Cherokee (ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ a-ni-yv-wi-ya, in the Cherokee language) are a people native to North America, who at the time of European contact Rather than secure peace, the Fort Stanwix treaty helped set the stage for the next round of hostilities.

Contents 1 Fort Schuyler 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 External links

Fort Schuyler

The fort was reoccupied by Colonial troops under the command of Colonel Elias Dayton in July 12, 1776. Elias Dayton ( May 1 1737 &ndash October 22 1807) father of Jonathan Dayton, was born in Elizabeth, Union County They began reconstruction of the fort and they renamed it Fort Schulyer, although many continued to call it Fort Stanwix. Colonel Peter Gansevoort took over command of the fort on May 3, 1776. Peter Gansevoort ( July 17, 1749 – July 2, 1812) was a Colonel in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War

On August 3, 1777 the fort was besieged by British forces under the command of Brigadier General Barry St. Leger as part of a three-pronged attack (see Saratoga Campaign) to split American power in New York State. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Barrimore Matthew St Leger (c1733 &ndash 1789 was a British colonel who led an invasion force during the American Revolutionary War. British strategy As the year's campaigns were winding down in the autumn of 1776 the British began to plan operations for the next year The fort commander, Colonel Peter Gansevoort, refused the terms of surrender offered by the British, and the siege commenced. Peter Gansevoort ( July 17, 1749 – July 2, 1812) was a Colonel in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War

On August 3, 1777 a flag was raised over the fort which some have claimed to have been the Stars and Stripes, but an analysis of the historical evidence has shown to have been the Grand Union Flag ^[3]. The Grand Union Flag, also known as the Congress flag, the First Navy Ensign, the Cambridge Flag, and the Continental Colors, is considered

The Battle of Oriskany was fought when an American relief column, commanded by General Nicholas Herkimer, was ambushed by Tories and their Indian allies. Background See also [[Battle of Saratoga]] [[Battle of Bennington]] A two-pronged attack known as the Saratoga Campaign of 1777, was launched by the Nicholas Herkimer (Ergheimer (c 1728&ndash August 16, 1777) was a militia general in the American Revolutionary War, who died of wounds after the In the political tradition of some English-speaking countries, the term Tory has referred to a variety of political parties and Creeds since it was While many of the besiegers were attending to that battle, the defenders of the fort sallied forth and attacked the enemy camp, looting and destroying enemy stores. Demoralized and reduced in strength, the British withdrew when they heard reports of the approach of yet another relief column, led by General Benedict Arnold. Benedict Arnold V ( – June 14, 1801) was a General during the American Revolutionary War who originally fought for the American Continental The British forces withdrew through Canada and joined Burgoyne's campaign at Fort Ticonderoga. Fort Ticonderoga is a large Eighteenth-century Fort built at a strategically important narrows in Lake Champlain where a short traverse gives access

The British failure to capture the fort and proceed down the Mohawk Valley was a severe setback and helped lead to the defeat of General John Burgoyne at the Battle of Saratoga. The Mohawk Valley ( Yenęˀná•ˀna•č in Tuscarora) region of the U General John Burgoyne ( February 24, 1722 &ndash August 4, 1792) was a British army officer Politician Background See also Saratoga campaign The British plan and Howe's blunder The original conception of the campaign had been for Burgoyne with some eight

The Fort burned to the ground on May 13, 1781 and was not rebuilt ^[4]. The fort was abandoned and the garrison was to take up quarters at Fort Herkimer. Fort Herkimer was a fort located on the southern side of the Mohawk River, opposite West Canada Creek, in New York, United States.

The second Treaty of Fort Stanwix was conducted at the fort between the Americans and the Indians in 1784. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was a Treaty signed in October 1784 at Fort Stanwix, located in present-day Rome New York, between the United States During the War of 1812 a blockhouse was built on the parade ground. The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies Beginning in 1828 the fortifications were dismantled.

The fort was designated a National Historic Landmark, in 1962. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the ^[1][5] The Park Service reconstructed the fort between 1974 and 1978.

See also

• Oriskany Battlefield State Historic Site

Notes

References

• Casemates and Cannonballs. Archeological Investigations at Fort Stanwix, Rome, New York, by Lee Hanson, Dick Ping Hsu
• Fort Stanwix Construction and Military History, by John F. Luzader, 2001, ISBN 1-888213-53-1

External links

• Fort Stanwix National Monument
• The Battle of Oriskany: "Blood Shed a Stream Running Down", a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan

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