| Fort Reno | |
|---|---|
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
 |
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| Location: | E of Sussex on Powder River |
| Nearest city: | Sussex, Wyoming |
| Added to NRHP: | April 28, 1970 |
| NRHP Reference#: | 70000672 |
Fort Reno (also known as Fort Connor or Old Fort Reno) was a wooden fort constructed in 1865 by the United States Army on the Great Plains frontier in the Dakota Territory in present-day Johnson County, Wyoming. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. The Great Plains are the broad expanse of Prairie and Steppe which lie east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada A frontier is a Political and Geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary, or of a different nature Dakota Territory was the name of an organized territory of the United States that existed from 1861 to 1889 Johnson County is a County located in the north central of the U It served to protect travellers on the Bozeman Trail from warring Native American tribes. The Bozeman Trail was an overland route connecting the Oregon Trail to the gold rush territory of Montana. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States
Establishment
Following the American Civil War, a large number of settlers headed west to seek new opportunities and land. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South With the discovery of gold in the Black Hills region of what is today Montana, large numbers of miners, adventurers, and settlers flocked to the area, but lacked a direct route to the gold fields. The Black Hills ( Pahá Sápa in Lakota, Moˀȯhta-voˀhonáaeva in Cheyenne) are a small isolated Mountain range rising from the Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern Soon, the Bozeman Trail was constructed through the middle of a region considered sacred by the Lakota Sioux, who began to attack travellers along the trail. The Lakota (laˈkˣota (also Teton, Tetonwan) are a Native American tribe Sioux (pronounced SUE are a Native American and First Nations people Concerned, the Army constructed a series of forts and outposts in 1865–66 to house garrisons to deter the Indians.
One such fort was established on August 14, 1865, on a high plateau on the banks of the Powder River near the mouth of Dry Fork. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In Geology and Earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting The Powder River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately long in the southeastern Montana and northeastern Wyoming in the United It was originally named "Fort Connor" for Brig. Gen. Patrick Connor, whose men of the 6th Michigan Cavalry constructed the fort as a supply depot during the Powder River Expeditions of that summer. Patrick Edward Connor ( March 17, 1820 &ndash December 17, 1891) was a Union General during the American Civil War The 6th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry was an Cavalry Regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The Powder River Expedition may refer to either of two 19th Century military expeditions by the U On November 11, 1865, the post was renamed "Fort Reno" in honor of Maj. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Gen. Jesse L. Reno, who had been killed in the American Civil War at the Battle of South Mountain. Jesse Lee Reno ( April 20, 1823 &ndash September 14, 1862) was a career United States Army officer who served in the Mexican-American Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Battle of South Mountain (known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap) was fought September 14, 1862, as
Fort Reno was crudely built with a quartermaster's and commissary warehouse and stables surrounded by a 120 square foot stockade of 8-10" diameter cottonwood logs. The rough logs were set four feet deep in a trench, leaving a wall about eight feet high. During the fall of 1865, workers constructed other buildings outside of the stockade, including two barracks, two officers' quarters, hospital, shops, teamsters' quarters, and two sutler's buildings. All of the buildings had sod-covered roofs and dirt floors. In August, Companies C and D of the 5th U. S. Volunteers (a command of former Confederate prisoners of war who had taken the oath of allegiance), and Company A, Omaha Scouts (members of the Winnebago tribe), relieved the Michigan cavalry. The War Department was established by the Confederate Congress in an act on February 21, 1861. An oath of allegiance is an Oath whereby a subject or Citizen acknowledges his/her duty of Allegiance and swears loyalty to his Monarch The Ho-Chunk, or Winnebago (as they are commonly called are a tribe of Native Americans, native to what are now Wisconsin and Illinois. Under the command of Capt. George M. Bailey, they garrisoned the isolated fort during the harsh winter of 1865–66.
Reinforcement and abandonment
During Red Cloud's War the following summer, Col. Red Cloud's War (also referred to as the Bozeman War or the Powder River War) was an armed conflict between the Lakota and the United States in the Henry B. Carrington of the 18th U. Henry Beebee Carrington ( March 2, 1824 &ndash October 26, 1912) was a lawyer professor prolific author and an officer in the United S. Infantry led a force of 700 men into the Powder River country to begin construction of two other new posts farther to the north. They reached Fort Reno on June 28, 1866, and stayed two weeks. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common When he left on July 9, Carrington left behind two companies to replace the existing volunteer garrison, which mustered out of the service and departed home "without a single regret. Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. " The newly arrived Regular Army soldiers constructed a log stockade around the unprotected garrison buildings, complete with log bastions on the northwest and southeast corners. The Regular Army is a name given to the permanent force of a country's army that is maintained during peacetime They also built a sturdy adobe commander's quarters. Adobe bricks are a Natural building material made from Sand, Clay, water and some kind of fibrous or Organic material ( Sticks, In 1867, the post was renovated and expanded. The garrison (whose number ranged from 125 to a high of 300 soldiers) endured the routines of camp life and the harsh winters and hot summers, occasionally skirmishing with hostile Indians and keeping the southern end of the Bozeman Trail open and passable.
The 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie ended Red Cloud's War and essentially ceded much of their old hunting grounds to the Lakota. The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also called the Sioux Treaty of 1868) was an agreement between the United States and the Lakota nation Yanktonai Red Cloud's War (also referred to as the Bozeman War or the Powder River War) was an armed conflict between the Lakota and the United States in the The Lakota (laˈkˣota (also Teton, Tetonwan) are a Native American tribe Along with Forts C.F. Smith and Phil Kearny, Fort Reno was abandoned as a condition of the agreement. For the installation which served as part of the defense of Washington D Fort Phil Kearny was an outpost of the United States Army that existed in the late 1860s in present-day northeastern Wyoming along the Bozeman Trail Shortly after the military left, the entire post was destroyed by fire, possibly ignited by Cheyenne warriors. Cheyenne are a Native American nation of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne Nation is composed of two united tribes, the Só'taa'e (more commonly Gen. George Crook's troops briefly visited Fort Reno in March 1876, but found that all that was left were some adobe walls and building debris. George Crook ( September 8, 1828 &ndash March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer most noted for his distinguished Nevertheless, he used the site as a supply base.
Bodies left in the post cemetery were later reinterred and placed at the Custer Battlefield National Cemetery during the 1880s. Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument preserves the site of the June 25, 1876, Battle of the Little Bighorn, near Crow Agency Montana The grounds that comprised the fort site have generally returned to a natural prairie sod cover.
The site, approximately 12 miles northeast of Sussex, Wyoming, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 1970. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. There is a large stone monument and several interpretive signs marking the site.
Two other army posts were also named Fort Reno—one in the defenses of Washington D.C. during the Civil War, and another frontier outpost built in 1874 in what is now Oklahoma. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America.
References and links
- Brown, Dee, The Fetterman Massacre, University of Nebraska Press, 1971. Dorris Alexander "Dee" Brown ( February 28, 1908 – December 12, 2002) was an American Novelist and Historian ISBN 0-8032-5730-9.
- Fort Phil Kearny Historic Site: Fort Reno
- Wyoming State Parks & Cultural Resources: Fort Reno
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