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| Luther's Seal | |
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Christianity |
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Martin Luther · Johann Sebastian Bach |
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| Book of Concord | |
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Augsburg Confession |
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| Theology and Sacraments | |
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Evangelical Catholic · Law and Gospel |
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| Liturgy and Worship | |
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Lutheran World Federation |
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Formula of Concord (1577) (Latin: Formula concordiae, "Harmony Concord", also the "Bergic Book") is an authoritative Lutheran statement of faith (called a confession, creed, or "symbol") that, in its two parts (Epitome and Solid Declaration), makes up the final section of the Lutheran Corpus Doctrinae or Body of Doctrine, known as the Book of Concord (most references to these texts are to the original edition of 1580). Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther The Luther seal or Luther rose is a widely-recognized symbol for Lutheranism. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Lutheran Orthodoxy was an era in the history of Lutheranism, which began in 1580 from the writing of the Book of Concord and ended at the Age of Enlightenment Pietism was a movement within Lutheranism, lasting from the late 17th century to the mid-18th century and later Neo-Lutheranism was a 19th century revival movement within Lutheranism which began as a reaction against theological rationalism and Pietism. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section.2 This article is written in British English including maximised use of "-ise" Dietrich Bonhoeffer ˈdiːtrɪç ˈboːnhøfɐ ( February 4, 1906 &ndash April 9, 1945) was a German Lutheran Albert Schweitzer, MD, OM, (January 14 1875 &ndash September 4 1965 was an Alsatian theologian, Musician, Philosopher Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (ˈsœːɐn ˈkʰiɐ̯kəˌɡ̊ɒˀ in Danish Anglicized as;) Philipp Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerd) ( February 16, 1497 &ndash April 19, 1560) was a German professor and theologian Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (an anglicanization of Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg ( September 6, 1711 &ndash October 7, 1787) was a German Paul Gerhardt ( March 12, 1607 – May 27, 1676) was a German Hymn writer Trygve Halvdan Lie ( ( July 16, 1896 &ndash December 30, 1968) was a Norwegian politician Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld ( (29 July 1905 &ndash 18 September 1961 was a Swedish Diplomat, Christian mystic, and the second Secretary-General Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther ( October 25 1811 – May 7 1887) was the first President of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod Martin Chemnitz ( November 9 1522 &ndash April 8 1586) was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer The Book of Concord or Concordia (1580 is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal The Augsburg Confession, also known as the "Augustana" from its Latin name Confessio Augustana is the primary confession of faith of the Lutheran The Smalcald Articles or Schmalkald Articles (Schmalkaldische Artikel are a summary of Lutheran doctrine written by Martin Luther in 1537 for a meeting The Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope ( 1537) ( Latin, Tractatus de Potestate et Primatu Papae The Tractate Luther's Large Catechism consisted of works written by Martin Luther and compiled Christian canonical texts, published in April of 1529. Luther's Small Catechism was written by Martin Luther and published in 1529 for the training of children The term Evangelical Catholic is used by Christian believers who consider themselves both " Catholic " and " evangelical. The relationship between God's Law and the Gospel is a major topic in Lutheran and Reformed theology Sola scriptura ( Latin ablative, "by scripture alone" is the assertion that the Bible as God's written word is self-authenticating Sola gratia is one of the Five solas propounded to summarise the Reformers' basic beliefs during the Protestant Reformation; it is a Latin term Sola fide ( Latin: by Faith alone also historically known as the doctrine of justification by faith is a doctrine that distinguishes most In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted The confession of one's Sins is a religious practice important to many faiths e The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those Sacramental union ( Latin, unio sacramentalis; German, sakramentliche Einigkeit) is the Lutheran theological Doctrine The name Agenda (“Things to be Done” Germ. Agende or Kirchenagende) is given particularly in the Lutheran Church, to the official books Divine Service is the term used in the Eastern Orthodox Church to describe the daily cycle of public services celebrated in the Temple (church building The Lutheran liturgical calendar is a listing which details the primary annual festivals and events that are celebrated liturgically by various Lutheran churches The International Lutheran Council is a worldwide association of confessional Lutheran denominations The Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference (CELC is the successor to the Evangelical Lutheran Synodical Conference of North America except that it is international Laestadianism is a conservative Lutheran revival movement started in the middle of the 19th century This is a list of Lutheran denominations grouped by affiliation with international Lutheran bodies Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther A creed is a statement of Belief — usually Religious belief — or Faith often recited as part of a religious service Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Body of Doctrine (Latin Corpus doctrinae) in Protestant theology of the 16th and 17th centuries is the anthology of the confessional or credal writings of a group The Book of Concord or Concordia (1580 is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal The Epitome is a brief and concise presentation of the Formula's twelve articles; the Solid Declaration a detailed exposition. Approved doctrine is presented in "theses"; rejected doctrine in "antitheses. " As the original document was written in German, a Latin translation was prepared for the Latin edition of the Book of Concord published in 1584. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Translation is the interpreting of the meaning of a text and the subsequent production of an equivalent text likewise called a " translation Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Book of Concord or Concordia (1580 is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal
Contents |
Significance and composition
The promulgation and subscription of this document was a major factor in the unification and preservation of Lutheranism. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther It was instigated at the behest of the Elector August of Saxony, and it was the joint work of a group of Lutheran theologians and churchmen of the latter sixteenth century, who met from April 9 to June 7, 1576 in Torgau, the seat of government for Electoral Saxony at the time: Jakob Andreä (1528–1590), Martin Chemnitz (1522–1586), Nikolaus Selnecker (1528–1592), David Chytraeus (1531–1600), Andreas Musculus (1514–1581), Christoph Körner (1518–1594), Caspar Heyderich, Paul Crell (1532–1579), Maximilian Mörlin (1516–1584), Wolfgang Harder, Daniel Gräser, Nicholas Jagenteufel, Johannes Cornicaelius, John Schütz, Martin Mirus (1532–1593), Georg Listenius, and Peter Glaser; and a smaller set of this group (Andreä, Chemnitz, Selnecker, Chytraeus, Musculus, and Körner) a year later in Bergen Abbey, near Magdeburg, both from March 1–14, and in May, 1577. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Jakob Andreae ( March 25[[ 528]]&ndash1590 was a significant German Lutheran theologian involved in the drafting of major documents Martin Chemnitz ( November 9 1522 &ndash April 8 1586) was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer Nikolaus Selnecker or Selneccer ( December 5[[ 532]] Hersbruck &ndash May 24[[ 592]] Leipzig) was a German musician Andreas Musculus (1514 &ndash 29 September 1581) was a German Lutheran theologian Magdeburg ( Low Saxon: Meideborg ˈmaˑɪdebɔɐx the Capital city of the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany The most important formulators of the Formula of Concord were Jakob Andreä and Martin Chemnitz.
Having before them two earlier documents (the Swabian-Saxon Concord, drafted by Andreae in 1574 and the so called Maulbron Formula of 1576) the first group of theologians produced the Torgau Book. Andreä condensed this into what would become known as the Epitome, the first part of the Formula of Concord. Its title as found in the 1576 first printing ran as follows: [A] Brief Summary of the articles which, controverted among the theologians of the Augsburg Confession for many years, were settled in a Christian manner at Torgau in the month of June, 1576, by the theologians which there met and subscribed.
Over the eleven months since the Torgau Book had been published, suggested emendations were sent to Andreä and Chemnitz, and further revision was deemed necessary, so the second group (Andreä, Chemnitz, Selnecker, Chytraeus, Musculus, and Körner) revised the Torgau Book into its final form, known as the Bergic Book, or the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord. (Depending on the translation, the Solid Declaration is also known as the Thorough Declaration of the Formula of Concord. ) It was presented to Elector August of Saxony on May 28, 1577. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Subsequently it was signed (subscribed to) by three electors of the Holy Roman Empire, twenty dukes and princes, twenty-four counts, four barons, thirty-five free imperial cities, and over 8,000 pastors. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in These constituted two-thirds of the Lutheran Church in Germany at the time. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Every clergyman in electoral Saxony had to either subscribe or write his objections with respect to the Formula of Concord. A rhyme was circulated [at the time]: "Write, dear Lord, write, that you might remain at the parish. "
The Formula of Concord was not accepted by Lutherans in Hesse, Zweibrücken, Anhalt, Pommeranian (Land), Holstein, Denmark, Sweden, Nürnberg, Strassburg, and Magdeburg, and the government of Queen Elizabeth I of England lobbied in its German embassies to prevent acceptance of it among the German estates.
Articles of the Formula of Concord
- I. Original Sin
- II. Original sin is according to a doctrine in Catholic theology, humanity's state of Sin resulting from the Fall of Man. Free Will
- III. The question of free will The Righteousness of Faith before God
- IV. Sola fide ( Latin: by Faith alone also historically known as the doctrine of justification by faith is a doctrine that distinguishes most Good Works
- V. In Christianity, divine Grace refers to the sovereign favour of God for humankind — especially in regard to Salvation — irrespective of actions Law and Gospel
- VI. The relationship between God's Law and the Gospel is a major topic in Lutheran and Reformed theology The Third Use of the Law
- VII. The Holy Supper of Christ
- VIII. The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those The Person of Christ
- IX. Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) Christ'sDescent into Hell
- X. The Harrowing of Hell is a doctrine in Christian theology referenced in the Apostles' Creed and the Athanasian Creed (Quicumque vult, which states that Hell, according to many Religious beliefs, is a location in the Afterlife, which may be described as a place of suffering Church Ceremonies (Adiaphora, or Indifferent Things)
- XI. The Eternal Foreknowledge and Election of God
- XII. Predestination (also linked with Foreknowledge) is a religious concept which involves the relationship between God and His creation Other heresies and sects
See also
External links
Heresy is an introduced change to some system of belief especially a religion that conflicts with the previously established canon of that beliefDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic