Ford Crown Victoria
Manufacturer	Ford Motor Company
Production	1955–1956 1992–Present
Assembly	St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada
Predecessor	Ford LTD Crown Victoria
Class	Full-size
Body style(s)	4-door sedan
Layout	FR layout
Platform	Ford Panther platform

The Ford Crown Victoria is the current model name Ford uses for the rear-wheel drive full-size car first produced by the Ford Motor Company for the North American market in the mid-1950s. A full-size car is a Marketing term used in North America for an Automobile larger than a Mid-size car. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following The name was introduced again in 1983 when the Granada was discontinued and renamed LTD. Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous region of Andalusia, Spain. For many years, the full-size car has fallen out of favor, and Ford has been left with a near-monopoly as a result. A full-size car is a Marketing term used in North America for an Automobile larger than a Mid-size car. In 1978, American Motors discontinued the Matador; Chrysler discontinued the R-platform full-size cars in 1980 and the M-platform in 1988. In 1996, General Motors pulled the Chevrolet Caprice and Impala SS off the market, leaving its Lincoln-Mercury stablemates as its only competitors.

The 5,424 Crown Victorias sold in January 2007 far exceeded the 3,526 of the newer Ford Five Hundred which is a more technically advanced full size car with similar passenger space and better fuel economy. The Ford Five Hundred (code name D258) was a Full-size sedan produced by the Ford Motor Company during the 2005 to 2007 model years in North But while newer front-wheel drive platforms may have been popular among consumers, they have not challenged the Crown Victoria's dominance as a taxi cab, fleet vehicle and police car where durability, cost and performance rather than efficiency are top requirements. A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of Public transport for a single passenger or small group of passengers typically for a non-shared ride A police car is the description for a vehicle used by Police, to assist with their duties in patrolling and responding to incidents A longer wheelbase version is available for taxi use. As of the 2008 model year, the Crown Victoria has been limited to fleet sales, which constituted 91. 3% of its total sales in 2007. Despite this, the Crown Victoria's counterparts, the Mercury Grand Marquis and Lincoln Town Car will continue to be available to retail consumers. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand Fifty percent of its 2007 customers were retail. [1]

As the latest evolution of the full-sized Ford (as the Crown Victoria traces its ancestry to the original 1932 Model B V8), it is the end of the longest succession of automobiles starting with the Model T. The Ford Model T (colloquially known as the Tin Lizzie and also the Flivver) was an Automobile produced by Henry Ford 's Ford The "Crown Vic" is popular due to its conventional rear-wheel drive, V8 power, popular with police driving techniques. A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other As one of the few remaining passenger cars with body-on-frame construction, it is rugged, and enables repairs after minor accidents without the need to straighten the chassis - an important benefit for a car frequently used by police forces for PIT maneuvers; ramming a car to spin it out. Body-on-frame is an Automobile construction technology Mounting a separate body to a rigid frame which supports the Drivetrain was the original method of building A chassis (plural "chassis" (ˈʃæːsiː ˈtʃæːsiː consists of a framework that supports an inanimate object analogous to an Animal 's The PIT maneuver is a method by which one car pursuing another can force the pursued vehicle to abruptly turn sideways to the direction of travel causing the driver to lose control and The Crown Victoria is also one of the few remaining automobiles which retains the traditional 2-bench 6 passenger seating layout, which has otherwise largely been replaced by the two front-bucket layout popularized by imports.

While the Crown Victoria shares its platform and components with the Lincoln Town Car, it shares almost no exterior sheet metal or interior parts. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand The current model has had a number of upgrades. Since the exit of General Motors from rear-drive full-size cars with the Chevrolet Caprice, it has held a near-monopoly as a pursuit vehicle in North America, despite front wheel drive offerings such as the Chevrolet Impala. The Chevrolet Impala was through 1996 a Full-sized Automobile built by General Motors for their Chevrolet division

Production

The Crown Victoria is manufactured in St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada, rides on the 1979-vintage Ford Panther platform and utilizes the universal 4. St Thomas is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is the seat for Elgin County and gaining its city Charter on Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is 6 L Modular V8. A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other As of 2005, prices range from US$25,000 for the base model to $32,000 for the high-end LX Sport trim.

1955–1956

See also 1955 Ford

The first "Crown Victoria" appeared in 1955; it was a 2-door 6-seater hardtop coupe, part of the Ford Fairlane range, that differed from the regular Victoria model (named after a type of carriage) by having a stainless steel band that 'crowned' the roofline, passing right over the car, as an extension of the B-pillar line. See also Ford Fairlane, Ford Crown Victoria Skyliner, Ford Crown Victoria The Ford line of cars gained a new body for 1955 to A carriage is a wheeled vehicle for people usually horse-drawn The model was produced in 1955 and 1956.

One version called Ford Crown Victoria Skyliner had the front part of the roof, in front of the steel band, in acrylic glass. See also 1955 Ford, Ford Crown Victoria Ford's 1954 Victoria Skyliner was replaced in 1955 by the Crown Victoria Skyliner Poly(methyl methacrylate ( PMMA) or poly(methyl 2-methylpropenoate is a Thermoplastic and transparent Plastic. This made the car difficult to sell, especially in the southern states in USA. Thus few Skyliners were made. Most of them ended up in Sweden, possibly because the climate was more suitable for an acrylic glass roof.

LTD Crown Victoria

Main article: Ford LTD Crown Victoria

1979–1980

Downsized two years after its main rival, the Chevrolet Impala, the new 1979 LTD was seven inches shorter than the old one, and four inches shorter than the LTD II. The Ford LTD Crown Victoria was a full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan produced by the Ford Motor Company from 1983 to 1991 The Chevrolet Impala was through 1996 a Full-sized Automobile built by General Motors for their Chevrolet division The Ford LTD II was a Mid-size car built by the Ford Motor Company between 1977 and 1979 for the North American market The platform was named the Panther. The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is The interior remained just as large as the previous LTD though, and the whole design became more efficient; the reduced width, size, and bulk all led to improved road manners and maneuverability, which had been major drawbacks in the previous LTD. Ride quality improved as well with the new car, as did fuel economy. Originally, the LTD was offered with the 302 and 351 in³ V8s. The deluxe version of the LTD was the LTD Landau, as in previous years. In 1980 the LTD Landau was renamed LTD Crown Victoria. It replaced the previous year's Landau model, and used a stainless steel band over the roof at the B-pillar (the "crown") to evoke the 1950s model. Crown Victoria had been a decor package for the Landau models since 1975. For 1981 and 1982, Ford offered a 255 in³ V8. The 302 V8 was supplied with the Variable Venturi Carburetor which was prone to malfunction. A carburetor (North American spelling or carburettor ( Commonwealth spelling) is a device that blends air and Fuel for an Internal Most 1979-1980 LTDs were sold with the three-speed automatic transmission, with the AOD four-speed optional.

1983–1991

1988-1991 Ford LTD Crown Victoria

In 1983, when the LTD name was shifted to the mid-size Ford Granada replacement, all full-size LTDs were renamed LTD Crown Victorias. The mid-size LTD was a lesser-known model, as the name is easily confused with its full-size LTD Crown Victoria brother. It shared the same Fox platform with the 1979 to 1993 Ford Mustang, so certain components are easily interchangeable with the more popular "pony car". The Ford Fox platform was a Rear wheel drive, Unibody automobile architecture that Ford used for 26 years in the North American market The Ford Mustang sports coupe, manufactured by the Ford Motor Company, was initially based on the Ford Falcon The pony car is a class of Automobile launched and inspired by the Ford Mustang in 1964 Perhaps the highlight of mid-size LTD production began in 1984 when the Bondurant racing school, which favored Ford Mustang GTs, transplanted the Mustang's 5. Robert Bondurant (born 27 April 1933 in Evanston, Illinois) is an American former Racecar driver who raced for the 0L V8 and T-5 five-speed manual transmission into an LTD for use at the school. A manual transmission (also known as a stick shift or just 'stick' 'straight drive' or standard transmission) is a type of transmission used in One result of this was Ford's introduction in mid 1984 of an option package called the LTD LX. Known by some as essentially a four-door Mustang, this car had a centrally fuel-injected 5. 0L V8 engine paired with Ford's AOD four-speed automatic transmission, and included details such as blacked-out exterior trim, a floor shifter, and a tachometer. The AOD (for automatic overdrive was a four-speed Automatic transmission with Overdrive. An automatic transmission (commonly "AT" or "Auto" is an Automobile Gearbox that can change Gear ratios automatically as the vehicle Police models received the same drivetrain (AOD shifter was column-mounted), 140 mph (230 km/h) speedometer, dog-dish hubcaps, and standard exterior trim. Interiors generally featured vinyl seating and rubber floormats, and many examples were equipped with special push bumpers on the front. The mid-size LTD was discontinued after the 1986 model year to make room for the then-new front-wheel drive Taurus. The Ford Taurus is an Automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States.

Various other changes were made during these years. 1983 saw the introduction of central fuel injection (CFI) on the 302-cubic-inch models (identifiable by a fender badge reading "Electronic Fuel Injection"), which was replaced with sequential electronic fuel injection (SEFI) in 1986 (accompanied by the deletion of said fender badge). Many mechanical changes were made during this time as well, but most importantly it should be noted that all 302/5. 0L engines from 1985-on were equipped with a hydraulic roller valvetrain that allowed the use of improved camshaft profiles across the production line. The Crown Victoria, along with its cousin, the Mercury Grand Marquis, received exterior facelifts for the 1988 model year to improve aerodynamics, followed by an all-new dash in 1990. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company.

Incidentally, the Panther platform has attracted a small but dedicated group of performance enthusiasts, the majority of whom own vehicles from the 1983-1991 time period. The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is It is primarily these "Box body" enthusiasts who frequent online gathering-places, though the later "aero Vic" has attracted a noteworthy following as well.

1992–1997

First generation
Production	1992–1997
Engine(s)	4. 6 L Modular V8
Transmission(s)	4-speed automatic
Wheelbase	114. The Modular engine is Ford Motor Company 's current high volume Overhead camshaft (OHC V8 and V10 gasoline engine family A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other An automatic transmission (commonly "AT" or "Auto" is an Automobile Gearbox that can change Gear ratios automatically as the vehicle In both road and rail Vehicles the wheelbase is the distance between the centers of the front and rear wheels 4 in (2906 mm)
Length	1992-94: 212. 4 in (5395 mm) 1995-97: 212. 0 in (5385 mm)
Width	77. 8 in (1976 mm)
Height	1992-94: 56. 7 in (1440 mm) 1995-97: 56. 8 in (1443 mm)
Fuel capacity	20 US Gallons / 75. 7 Litres
Related	Mercury Grand Marquis Lincoln Town Car

In 1992, along with dropping the LTD designation, the Crown Victoria sedan (production of the station wagon having ceased in 1991) was completely redesigned to the rounder, eight-window shape (which shared many design cues with its contemporary, the newly redesigned 1992 Taurus), and there was a new 4. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand A station wagon (or simply wagon) in American, Australian, Canadian and New Zealand usage and an estate car (or just estate The Ford Taurus is an Automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States. 6 L Modular engine. The Modular engine is Ford Motor Company 's current high volume Overhead camshaft (OHC V8 and V10 gasoline engine family

1993-1994 Ford Crown Victoria

1995-1997 Ford Crown Victoria

Critics weren't fond of the 1992 model's Taurus-like front-end, therefore it was given a front grille for the 1993 model year. Also added that year was a reflector strip between the taillights. Another minor restyle followed suit in 1995, with a new grille, taillights, and dash. To accommodate the design of the 1995's new taillights, the rear license plate was moved from the bumper to the trunklid, fitted between the taillights. The restyle was better received than General Motor's more radical restyle of the Chevrolet Caprice which may have contributed to its exit and Ford's ultimate dominance of this segment. The Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic were full-sized Automobiles produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors in the United

1998–present

Second generation
Production	1998–present
Engine(s)	4. 6 L Modular V8
Transmission(s)	4-speed automatic
Wheelbase	114. The Modular engine is Ford Motor Company 's current high volume Overhead camshaft (OHC V8 and V10 gasoline engine family A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other In both road and rail Vehicles the wheelbase is the distance between the centers of the front and rear wheels 7 in (2913 mm)
Length	212. 0 in (5385 mm)
Width	2007 77. 3 in (1963 mm) 1998-2006: 78. 2 in (1986 mm)
Height	1998-2003, 2007-present: 56. 8 in (1443 mm) 2002-04: 58. 3 in (1481 mm)
Fuel capacity	19 US Gallons / 71. 9 Litres
Related	Mercury Grand Marquis Mercury Marauder Lincoln Town Car

In 1998, the Crown Victoria's exterior styling, rear suspension, and ignition system were updated, while the interior remained the same. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand The 1998 to 2002 "Crown Vics" had a revised 4-link rear suspension with a Watt's linkage. Watt's linkage (also known as the parallel linkage) is a type of Mechanical linkage invented by James Watt ( 19 January 1736 The general road handling manners have improved, but towing capacity has been reduced. The Crown Victoria also uses a coil-on-plug ignition design rather than traditional spark plug wires. This design, already being used on the 1996 to 1999 Ford Taurus SHO's 3. The Ford Taurus is an Automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States. 4 L V8 engine, was later implemented on other vehicles that used the Modular V8, including the 1999-onwards Mustang GT, and many F-Series trucks. The Modular engine is Ford Motor Company 's current high volume Overhead camshaft (OHC V8 and V10 gasoline engine family The Ford Mustang sports coupe, manufactured by the Ford Motor Company, was initially based on the Ford Falcon For the 1999-present F-250 and higher models see Ford Super Duty. The Crown Victoria also features a 114. 7 in wheelbase and its body now used the more formal Mercury Grand Marquis roofline and side window styling.

Police Interceptor

Main article: Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor

Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor

Starting with the 1999 model year, the police version of the Crown Victoria, previously named Crown Victoria P71, was changed to Police Interceptor and new rear badging was assigned instead of the civilian Crown Victoria badge. The Crown Victoria Police Interceptor (often referred to simply as CVPI or P71) is the law enforcement version of the Ford Crown Victoria. Though, to date, the Crown Victoria badge is still affixed to Police Interceptors equipped with the Street Appearance package for vehicles that require civilian styling (office/city motor pool, fire departments, etc). Police Interceptor models come with a black honeycomb-styled front grille and a black rear fascia on the trunk lid, with black trim under the tail lights. They also have several "heavier-duty" mechanical upgrades and newer models have additional safety features to deal with fuel tank safety concerns. The Ford Crown Victoria is the current model name Ford uses for the Rear-wheel drive full-size car first produced by the Ford Motor Company for

Change of Canadian availability

In Canada, 1999 was the last year the Crown Victoria was individually available to civilians from Ford dealerships. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Since 2000, the Crown Victoria has only been available in Canada as a Police Interceptor for law enforcement, or as a taxi or Special Service Vehicle for commercial fleets. A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of Public transport for a single passenger or small group of passengers typically for a non-shared ride The civilian Crown Victoria is only available when ordered as a fleet directly from Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited and is not available through Ford dealerships. Civilians can, however, purchase used 2000 & up civilian Crown Victorias that are available at dealerships every so often, or used Police Interceptors or Special Service Vehicles from various auctions. The Mercury Grand Marquis and Lincoln Town Car, which also use the Ford Panther platform, however, are still available at Ford & Lincoln dealerships in Canada. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. The Lincoln Town Car is a Full-size, Rear-wheel drive luxury sedan sold by Ford's upscale Lincoln brand The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is

According to the article of the Mercury Grand Marquis in the Canadian book Le guide de l'auto 2006 (The 2006 Auto-Guide), Ford is rumoured to be considering bringing back the Crown Victoria to the Canadian civilian market, replacing the Grand Marquis. Although Ford hasn't made any official statement to this effect, many consider this to make sense since the Mercury brand was officially phased out in Canada in 1999 and despite the Grand Marquis' Mercury badging, it's officially sold as a Ford in all Canadian sales literature. Ford stopped selling the Grand Marquis to the Canadian market after the 2007 model year.

Middle East Market

Large American sedans have always been part of the landscape in the Middle East. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Since the Chevrolet Caprice was discontinued in 1996, the Crown Victoria and its twin, the Mercury Grand Marquis have been the car of choice for large American car buyers in the region. The Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic were full-sized Automobiles produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors in the United The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. Even after General Motors realized their loss of market share and introduced the Australian Holden Statesman in left hand drive form as a Chevrolet Caprice, sales of the Ford Panther platform remain strong, especially in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. The Holden Statesman and Caprice are a series of full-size Luxury vehicles produced by the Australian General Motors division of Holden Right-hand traffic and left-hand traffic mean regulations requiring all traffic to keep either to the left or the right side of the Road. The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The Australian Caprice, however, has certainly brought some serious, tough competition for what used to be a niche market. The Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic were full-sized Automobiles produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors in the United

2003 model Crown Victoria LX with diplomatic license plates in Kuwait. Vehicle equipped with Export Handling Package and features Saudi Arabian specifications.

Vehicles destined for the Middle East are referred to as "GCC Spec" vehicles, and the Crown Victoria is available in five different trim levels in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries; Standard (P72 VIN designation) Sport (P73), Standard Long-Wheelbase (P70), LX (P74) and LX Sport (P74). The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf ( CCASG; مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council While options and standard features vary from country to country in the region, the following is listed as standard equipment on present models:

• A true dual exhaust system (except Standard Long-Wheelbase)
• 17" 5-spoke aluminum sport wheels with P235/55HR17 all-season tires (16" 9-spoke aluminum wheels and P225/60VR16 all-season tires on LX models)
• Remote keyless entry system with driver’s door mounted keypad (rare option on Standard, not available on Standard Long-Wheelbase)
• 40/20/40 split bench with rear air vents and 8-way power driver’s seat, 4-way manual front passenger seat (available in both luxury cloth and leather trim; rear air vents not available on LX Sport models)
• Speed control
• Dual-Media AM/FM stereo/cassette with a single-CD player (except Standard and Standard Long-Wheelbase, which come with AM/FM stereo/cassette player)

2005 Crown Victoria Standard at a Ford-Lincoln-Mercury dealership in Kuwait

A driver's side spotlight assembly is optional on Standard and Standard Long-Wheelbase models, whilst a monochromatic paint job is optional on Sport, LX and LX Sport models. Choice of colors on monochromatic paint jobs include Dark Toreador Red, Silver Birch, Tungsten and Black. A Mercury Marauder rear spoiler is standard equipment on Sport and LX Sport models, being an option on the LX and Standard trim. The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. LX and LX Sport models also come with power 8-way driver and front passenger seats.

Worthy of note, the American Handling and Performance Package (HPP) has been changed to "Export Handling Package" for the Middle East. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. The only differences between the two is that GCC Spec models have a 2. 73 rear axle ratio (as opposed to 3. 27) and as a true dual exhaust system is standard equipment, it does not come as part of the package. Vehicles equipped with this package also come with a monochromatic paint job. The Export Handling Packages (EHP) comes with a tuned rear air suspension, revised coil springs, handling shock absorbers and an upsized rear stabilizer bar. EHP is standard on Sport and LX Sport models and is only an option on the LX trim. It is not available on Standard and Standard Long-Wheelbase models.

2007 and newer models now come with an available DVD entertainment system (marketed as “Export DVD Entertainment System”). This has been made optional on Sport, LX and LX Sport models.

Rear view of a 2008 Special Edition, sporting a Mercury Marauder spoiler

The Crown Vic comes with a 5 year/200,000 kilometer (125,000 mile) warranty – whichever comes first. As far as the market in Kuwait is concerned, where Grand Marquis sales exceed that of the Crown Victoria, only the Standard and Standard Long-Wheelbase models are available. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Other models have not been imported as of the year 2000, and 1999 was the last year for the LX trim level. This was part of the authorized dealer/importer's decision to focus on the Grand Marquis due to the market size.

2008 'Special Edition'

With no major redesign since 1998, in order to remain competitive Ford came up with a trim package for the Crown Victoria in the Middle East, known as the Special Edition, for 2008. Only available on the P72 Standard model, this cosmetic package adds the following:

3-bar grille found on the Special Edition

• A new 3-bar grille.
• Mercury Marauder spoiler, also found on models equipped with the Export Handling Package.
• Chrome trim under the license plate on the front bumper.
• Chrome trim underneath the Ford logo on the trunk.
• Special Edition logos on the front fenders, trunk and dashboard.
• A Premium head unit with single CD and cassette

Special Edition fender logos

Everything else on this vehicle is identical to the Standard model. Whilst this vehicle is not listed in any sales literature, in Saudi Arabia it is available with a choice of different colors. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi In Kuwait, this model is only available in black (due to market size), and costs KWD 6,000 (approximately $22,000 USD). The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been

Long-wheelbase commercial version

A 2008 Crown Victoria P70 at a dealership in Kuwait

In 2002, Ford introduced a long-wheelbase version of the Crown Victoria, available only to commercial fleets (mostly used by taxi companies) in North American markets. This version gives 6 extra inches of wheelbase length, made possible by a new frame and extended body.

This version is not available to the general public, nor is there a stretched version of the Police Interceptor. The Crown Victoria Police Interceptor (often referred to simply as CVPI or P71) is the law enforcement version of the Ford Crown Victoria. However, there was a special service version available for the police market from 2002-2006, with an available street appearance trim option from 2002-2004, due to its targeted use mostly in the taxi and livery market.

In the Middle East, long-wheelbase versions of both the Mercury Grand Marquis and Crown Victoria are available to the general public. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company.

2003–present

For the 2003 model year, the chassis was again redesigned with hydroformed steel. Hydroforming (or hydramolding) is a cost-effective way of shaping malleable Metals such as Aluminum or Brass into lightweight structurally The front and rear suspension were also completely overhauled. New inverted monotube shocks were now used (replacing the old twin-tube shocks that had been used since the 1960s). In the front, new aluminum control arms, and rack and pinion steering (replacing the recirculating ball units) have been implemented. A rack and pinion is a pair of Gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion Recirculating ball, also known as recirculating ball and nut or worm and sector, is a Steering mechanism commonly found in older cars and The rear suspension was redesigned for durability in police-duty applications and the rear shocks were moved outboard of the frame rails for better handling and ease of maintenance. As a result, the road-handling manners of the Panther platform cars had improved significantly. The Ford Panther platform is one of Ford Motor Company 's full-size, Rear-wheel drive sedan Automobile platforms the other is The engine output increased due to the addition of a knock sensor for more aggressive timing.

The Crown Victoria retained the same exterior styling, but 2005 models received a rear whip radio antenna rather than an integrated rear defroster antenna. 2005 models also received a new steering wheel. The rear whip antenna has been removed from the 2006 models in favor of the integrated rear defroster antenna. 2006 models also received a redesigned instrument cluster featuring a 120 mph (190 km/h) speedometer (civilian models) and a tachometer.

Even with the latest 2007 Crown Victoria, the overall design remains relatively unchanged from the 1979 design. It still uses a front independent suspension with a rear live axle on a body on frame design, using a traditional rear-wheel drive drivetrain. Independent suspension is a broad term for any Automobile suspension system that allows each wheel on the same Axle to move vertically (i A live axle is a type of Beam axle suspension system that uses the Driveshafts that transmit power to the wheels to connect the wheels laterally so that Body-on-frame is an Automobile construction technology Mounting a separate body to a rigid frame which supports the Drivetrain was the original method of building The design has been popular with police departments and cab companies to the same extent as the Chevrolet Caprice in the 1980s and early 1990s, especially in New York City where they make up the majority of the taxi and New York City Police Department fleets, as well among the general populace. The Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic were full-sized Automobiles produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors in the United The City of New York

As of the 2008 model year, the Crown Victoria will only be sold to fleet buyers, according to Ford. As of June 21, 2007, the Crown Victoria was removed from Ford's website, most likely to promote the 2008 Ford Taurus. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Ford Taurus is an Automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States.

Engines (2007 stats):

• 220 hp (164 kW) @ 4800 rpm / 275 lb·ft (373 N·m). @ 4000 rpm/9. 38:1 compression - 4. 6 L V8 (fleet only)^[1]
• 224 hp (167 kW) @ 4800 rpm / 272 lb·ft (369 N·m). @ 4000 rpm/9. 38:1 compression - 4. 6 L V8 (base civilian package)^[2]
• 239 hp (178 kW) @ 4900 rpm / 287 lb·ft (389 N·m). @ 4100 rpm/9. 38:1 compression - 4. 6 L V8 (Performance & Handling package only; includes Sport)^[2]
• 250 hp (186 kW) @ 5000 rpm / 297 lb·ft (403 N·m). @ 4000 rpm/9. 6:1 compression - 4. 6 L V8 (Police Interceptor only)^[3]

(As a comparison) Ford Australia produces high powered I6 engines (For the Ford Falcon and Ford Territory) comparable to Crown Victoria V8s. The straight-6 or inline-6 engine (often abbreviated I6 or L6) is a six cylinder Internal combustion engine with all six cylinders The Ford Territory is a Crossover SUV built by Ford Australia and based on the EA169 platform of the Ford BA Falcon. In the case of FPV F6 Typhoon, the I6 is much more powerful.

Engines (2007 stats):

• 255 hp (190 kW) @ 5250 rpm / 282. 5 lb·ft (383 N·m). @ 2500 rpm - 4. 0 L I6 (Ford Barra engine, base package Ford Falcon, non turbo XR6 and Ford Territory)
• 329 hp (245 kW) @ 5250 rpm / 354 lb·ft (480 N·m). The Barra engines are a family of straight 6s and V8s assembled by Ford Australia since 2002 The Ford Territory is a Crossover SUV built by Ford Australia and based on the EA169 platform of the Ford BA Falcon. @ 2000 - 4500 rpm - 4. 0 L I6 (Ford Barra engine, Ford Falcon XR6 and Ford Territory Turbo)
• 362 hp (270 kW) @ 5250 rpm / 406 lb·ft (550 N·m). The Barra engines are a family of straight 6s and V8s assembled by Ford Australia since 2002 The Ford Territory is a Crossover SUV built by Ford Australia and based on the EA169 platform of the Ford BA Falcon. @ 2000 - 4000 rpm - 4. 0 L I6 (Ford Barra engine, FPV F6 Typhoon and Force 6, This is the most powerful I6 ever produced by Ford)

Gallery

NYPD Crown Victoria/Police Interceptor

A traditional New York City taxi, the long-wheelbase Crown Victoria. The Barra engines are a family of straight 6s and V8s assembled by Ford Australia since 2002 The transportation system of New York City is a cooperation of complex systems of infrastructure

2005 Ford Crown Victoria LX, rear view

MTA NYC Transit Ford Crown Victoria for paratransit use

Fuel tank safety concerns

While the car has been highly rated for safety, there was some controversy and lawsuits in the 1990s over Ford Crown Victoria (and its Mercury & Lincoln counterparts) gas tank leaks after certain types of high speed impacts, specifically when being hit in the rear end at high speeds. New York City Transit buses, operating under the MTA New York City Bus brand is a service of MTA Regional Bus Operations that operates in all five boroughs employing These impacts did cause fuel tank failures in the Crown Victoria. The leaking fuel in combination with friction between the vehicle and the road was found to be the cause of these fires.

The reports that the cars were more prone to fires during a rear collision was a simple combination of four things. First, most law enforcement agencies rely heavily on the Crown Victoria as their primary vehicle, meaning that any police-related auto accident is very likely to involve a Crown Victoria. Second, the accidents occurred as the result of the officers intentionally parking their vehicles close to active traffic to shield a stopped motorist - something most civilians would never do. Third, the impacting vehicle was often traveling at, or above, the posted legal limit (70-75 mph in most jurisdictions). Fourth, the design of the vehicle which places the gas tank behind the rear axle, places the tank in a vulnerable area.

The condition was exacerbated by police equipment installers drilling over the package tray in the luggage compartment. Due to the gas tank's orientation, drilling through the package tray may result in drilling into the gas tank. Installers also used screws set directly into the bulkhead and facing the fuel tank. In the event of a high-energy collision, these screws could be forced into the tank, both rupturing the tank and possibly acting as a spark source. Long bolts for mounting heavier equipment were also directly suspect. The manufacturer provided an aftermarket shield to help prevent these items from puncturing the tank during impact. Further, many investigations, both performed by federal/state agencies, and the police department themselves, have found that removable items in the trunk were improperly stowed. These items became tank-piercing projectiles during the rear-collision scenarios. Ford's second solution came in the form of a recall kit including patterns to mark unsafe areas (to drill) in the luggage compartment. Also included were rubberized kevlar and hard ballistic nylon shields for the differential cover lower shock bolts. They also included a kevlar-based trunk liner. ^[4] Ford used similar kits on early-1980s model passenger vehicles. For 2005 and newer models, Ford offers an optional on-board fire-suppression system for the Crown Victoria Police Interceptor units. The system itself is integrated with the anitlock braking system as part of the activation, and can be activated manually. However, Ford does cite several system limitations regarding fuel loss and impact speeds. ^[5]

As a result of these crashes, other companies looked at potential solutions to the problem. FIRE Panel introduced a solution in 2003 that utilized a hollow panel that encapsulated fire suppression powder. The panel was designed to shatter in a high speed, rear impact. [2] The results were so successful that the US Army and Marines now use it to protect large vehicle fuel tanks against IEDs. ^[6]

Despite numerous court cases charging Ford with partial liability for fires caused in accidents, the company has never been found liable in a Crown Victoria accident (Numerous cases were settled out of court with non-disclosure clauses binding on all parties). However, in 2005, a plaintiff was awarded $43. 8 million when the Lincoln Town Car, which shares essentially the same frame and fuel system as the Crown Victoria, was stuck from behind and erupted in flames, killing her husband and severely burning her. ^[7]

Articles about the issue

See also Ford Pinto. The Ford Pinto was a subcompact manufactured by the Ford Motor Company for the North American market first introduced on September 11, 1970

Intake Manifold Defect

Model years 1996 to 2001 inclusive, using an all-composite intake manifold, are subject to coolant leaks. Late in 2005 Ford settled a class action lawsuit. See Intake Manifold Defect for details. The Modular engine is Ford Motor Company 's current high volume Overhead camshaft (OHC V8 and V10 gasoline engine family

Future

Possible new platform

Ford was rumored to be considering replacing the aging Panther platform with a front or all-wheel drive platform based on the D3 architecture, something Ford has denied.

Another rumor going around at Ford is that the Crown Victoria will eventually be replaced by one of the following vehicles:

• Full-sized rear-drive Fords with V8 engines based on a different platform are still produced in Australia under the Falcon (which has remained in production in Australian only since the very early 1970s), Fairlane, Fairmonts, and LTD nameplates, but these are unknown in North America. The extended wheelbase versions are endangered because of a lack of markets outside of Australia, and competition from the Chrysler 300, but by comparison, the LTD is shorter (202 vs. 212 inches), about as heavy (4096 vs 4157 lb), has a 5. 4L V8 with much more power (308 vs 224 hp (167 kW) for civilian, and 250 hp (186 kW) for police version). The Falcons are a common police interceptor in Australia.
• Ford Australia announced plans to develop the 2008 Ford Falcon on the new Orion chassis, designed initially for left-hand drive and converted to right-hand drive for the Australian market. Ford Australia is the Australian subsidiary of Ford Motor Company and was founded in Geelong, Victoria in 1925 as an outpost of Ford Motor Company of Some speculate that this new Falcon would eventually be built in the US or exported to the US market, reviving the Falcon name in America.
• The Panther platform would be retired altogether, replaced by a completely new vehicle based on the Ford D2C platform used for the Ford Mustang. The Ford D2C platform (for " D-class 2-door Coupe " and also known as DC2 and S197) is Ford 's newest global Rear-wheel The Ford Mustang sports coupe, manufactured by the Ford Motor Company, was initially based on the Ford Falcon A concept version of this car is currently touring the auto-show circuit, called the Ford Interceptor (hinting that it may, at somepoint in the future, become Ford's offering for the police market).
• As part of Ford's The Way Forward restructuring plan, for 2008 Ford has discontinued the retail version of the Crown Victoria but will continue making the Police Interceptor model as well as the commercial versions, like Ford of Canada did in 1999. Ford Motor Company 's restructuring plan made public in 2006 is known as The Way Forward. For 2008 the only full sized Ford will be the new upsize Ford Taurus formerly known as the Ford Five Hundred. The Ford Taurus is an Automobile manufactured by the Ford Motor Company in the United States. The Ford Five Hundred (code name D258) was a Full-size sedan produced by the Ford Motor Company during the 2005 to 2007 model years in North Most full-size sedans are beginning to shrink in size, and some flagship sedans (e. g. Toyota Avalon, Dodge Charger) are shorter and smaller than the Taurus. The Toyota Avalon is a Full-size car produced by Toyota in the United States, and is the flagship sedan of Toyota in the United States, The Dodge Charger, is a Rear-wheel drive Full-size Automobile built by Chrysler LLC for its North American Dodge brand
• There is much speculation and discussion regarding the recently revealed Ford Interceptor concept car being the basis for the next generation Crown Victoria (and law enforcement CVPI version), or for a new vehicle altogether, possibly resulting in the Crown Victoria nameplate being finally retired. The Ford Interceptor is a new Concept car which debuted at the 2007 North American International Auto Show in Detroit Michigan. The Crown Victoria Police Interceptor (often referred to simply as CVPI or P71) is the law enforcement version of the Ford Crown Victoria.

Despite this, Ford has announced that the Crown Victoria's better selling luxury twin, the Mercury Grand Marquis, will stay in production until at least 2009. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. It is unclear if the front bench seating (6-passenger) feature will be retained by a redesign of the car or a renamed replacement. The traditional seat installed in American Automobiles was the bench seat.

Change in availability

On April 19, 2006, Ford Motor Company announced that the Crown Victoria Police Interceptor will remain in production "well into the future". Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[8]

After 2007, the Crown Victoria will not be sold to consumers, only fleets, in the United States. ^[9] This has been the case in Canada since the 2000 model year. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Also, with the descent into fleet-only sales across North America, the LX Premium Sport and Handling Package and the Handling and Performance Package (the only Crown Victorias produced for the North American market with dual exhaust, save for the Police Interceptor) have been officially discontinued by Ford.

Redesign

Ford had reportedly announced that it would "freshen" both the Crown Victoria and the Mercury Grand Marquis for the 2009 model year. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a Full-size Rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company. Ford had told the Canadian Auto Workers that it will invest $200 million in the vehicles, which are assembled in St. Thomas, Ontario. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec ^[10] However, Ford released the 2009 Crown Victoria with few if any changes from the 2008 model, with no announced plans for changes in the future. ^[11]

References

External links

• Ford Crown Victorias in movies, TV shows, & media (indexed)
• Ford Crown Victoria (U. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. S. A. ): Civilian | Police Interceptor | Commercial Version (includes long-wheelbase version)