Foot type is determined by the shape and structure of the foot. The shape ( OE sceap Eng created thing) of an object located in some space refers to the part of space occupied by the object as determined Structure is a fundamental and sometimes Intangible notion covering the Recognition, Observation, nature, and Stability of The foot is an Anatomical structure found in many Animals It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows Locomotion. Foot type affects the reduction of impact on the foot while walking, jogging, or running. This article is on the international collaboration called IMPACT Walking (also called ambulation) is the main form of Animal Locomotion on land, distinguished from Running and crawling Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace Running is a means for an animal to move on Foot. It is defined in Sporting terms as a Gait in which at some point all feet are off the ground Specifically the shape of the arch causes different levels of pronation in feet. An arch is a structure that spans a space while supporting weight (e
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Pronation
Pronation is the rolling motion of the foot from heel to toe while walking, jogging, or running. The heel is the prominence at the posterior end of the Foot. It is based on the projection of one Bone, the Calcaneus, behind the articulation of the Toes are the digits of the Foot of an animal Many animal species such as Cats walk on their toes and are described as being Digitigrade Pronation includes Neutral Pronation, Underpronation, and Overpronation.
Neutral Pronation
Neutral Pronation is hitting the outside of the heel and ball of the foot evenly across the foot to properly reduce impact on the foot. The ball of the foot is where the Toes join with the rest of the foot
Underpronation
Under-pronation occurs when more weight is absorbed by the outside of the foot rather than evenly through the foot strike.
Overpronation
Overpronation occurs when there is too much roll on the inside of the foot, consequently distributing the weight and shock of impact more heavily on the inside of the foot rather than evenly throughout the foot as found in Neutral Pronation. This article is on the international collaboration called IMPACT The knee cap may therefore slant inward, and roll over the inside of the thigh, causing pain. An inward slant often requires a shoe slip or orthotic under the inside of the heel to return the foot to a Neutral Pronation. In addition, exercises which strengthen the inside thigh-muscle are often helpful.
Determining Pronation
Pronation will likely be evident by looking at the wear inside or on the rubber sole of a shoe. If the inside side is more worn than the rest of the shoe then the person overpronates. When the outside side of the shoe is more worn than the inside side then the person underpronates. If the wear is equal across the forefoot then the person is a neutral pronator, or has neutral stride.
Arch
The height of the arch in the foot determines pronation, and therefore, foot type. In Anatomy, pronation is a rotational movement of the forearm (at the radioulnar joint or foot (at the subtalar and talocalcaneonavicular joints
Determining Arch Height
The arch height of a foot can be determined by a wet test. To take the test, stand normally on a paper bag for about ten seconds after wetting each foot. The resulting imprint will show whether the person has a normal arch, a low arch, or a high arch.
Normal Arch
People with a normal arch have a distinct curve along the inside of the foot with a band slightly less than half the width of the foot connecting the heel and toe. People with normal arch are likely to have a neutral stride.
Low Arch
People with a low arch do not have a distinct curve along the inside of the foot. The imprint taken in a wet test will show nearly the entire foot. In the Publishing Industry, an imprint can refer to two different things It can mean a Brand name under which a work is published People with low arches are more likely to overpronate which can result in injuries.
High Arch
People who have a high arch in the foot show only a very thin band connecting the heel and toe in a wet test. People with high arches are more likely to underpronate.
Pronation and Arch in Athletes
Athletes with different foot types should look for running shoes that specifically treat their arch and pronation to avoid injury. Running shoes generally come in straight, curved, and semi curved shapes. An athletic shoe is a Generic name for footwear designed for Sporting and physical activities, and is different in style and build than a Dress shoe
Overpronators should wear shoes with a straight shape. Overpronators should also look for a motion control shoe, which prevents the foot from rolling too far by providing maximum support. Shoe manufacturers usually include a medial post or rollbar to accomplish motion control. The medial post is basically a solid piece of material on the inner part of the shoe that resists the inward roll of pronation. Orthotics are also a popular method of support for athletes who have flat feet. Orthotics is an allied health care medical profession or field that is concerned with the design development fitting and manufacturing of Orthoses, which are devices that support
Underpronators should wear a shoe with a curved shape. Underpronators should also look for a cushioned shoe to allow the feet to roll inward and absorb shock.
Neutral Pronators should look for a running shoe with a semi curved shape. Stability shoes usually offer a blend of cushioning and support that is beneficial to people with normal arch and pronation.
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