| Fonseca | |||
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| Motto: "Siempre de la Mano con el Pueblo" "Always by the People" |
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| Country | Colombia | ||
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| Region | Caribbean | ||
| Department | La Guajira | ||
| Foundation | |||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Pedro Manjarrez Fragoso (ASI)[1] |
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| Area | |||
| - City | 662 km² (255. In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. Because of its natural structure Colombia can be divided into six very distinct Natural regions. The Caribbean Region or Caribbean Coast Region is a natural region of Colombia mainly composed of eight Departments located contiguous to Colombia is a unitary republic conformed by thirty-two departments ( Spanish: departamentos, sing The Department of La Guajira or simply La Guajira (la ɰwa'hiɾa is a department of Colombia. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The Indigenous Social Alliance Movement (Movimiento Alianza Social Indigena ASI is a progressive indigenist party in Colombia. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 6 sq mi) | ||
| - Urban | 4. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 8 km² (1. 9 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 11. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 8 m (39 ft) | ||
| Population (2005) | |||
| - City | 22,220 | ||
| [2] | |||
| * | |||
| Website: fonseca-guajira.gov.co/ |
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Fonseca is a town and municipality located in the Colombian Department of La Guajira. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. Colombia is a unitary republic conformed by thirty-two departments ( Spanish: departamentos, sing The Department of La Guajira or simply La Guajira (la ɰwa'hiɾa is a department of Colombia. The town celebrates the Festival del Retorno in honor of St Augustine with religious celebrations, vallenato music events and others. Vallenato, along with Cumbia, is presently the most popular Folk music of Colombia.
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Geography
The municipality of Fonseca has a total area of 622 km² at an altitude over sea level of 11 m over sea level at the seat of the municipality. The municipality is on a depression in the valley of the Rancheria River which flows through the municipality from west to east, between the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Serrania del Perija. The Ranchería River is a River located in northern La Guajira Department, Colombia. The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is an isolated mountain range apart from the Andes chain that runs through Colombia. The Serranía del Perijá, Cordilla de Perijá or Sierra de Perijá is a mountain range an extension of the eastern Andean branch ( Cordillera [3][4][5]
Fonseca limits to the north with the municipality of Riohacha and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range; to the south with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the Serrania del Perija mountains; to the east with the municipality of Barrancas and to the west narrowly with the municipality of San Juan del Cesar. Riohacha, Rio Hacha or Rio de la Hacha (River of the Axe - Wayuu: Süchiimma) is a city and municipality in the northern Caribbean Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Barrancas is a town and municipality of the Colombian Department of La Guajira. San Juan del Cesar is a municipality and town located in the La Guajira Department, Colombia. [6]
The average temperature through out the year is of 28° Cº variating only between the two rainy seasons and two dry seasons or by altitude due to the mountainous environment. [7]
History
The area of Fonseca was inhabited by different indigenous groups; Chimilas, Tupes, Guajiros, Cariachiles and Motilones. Wayuu language Wayuu (also Wayu, Wayúu, Guajiro, Wahiro) is an Amerindian ethnic group of the La Guajira Peninsula [8]
There are two hypothesis about the foundation of Fonseca. One describes that by the year 1700 Catalan colonizer Agustín Fonseca and Italian José Agustín Parodi Ovalle founded the village. [9]
Agustín Fonseca was the leader of a group of adventurers who settled by the Rancheria river, but in a rainy season the river flooded the area bringing diseases. They moved to a dryer place on what is supposedly the present-day main plaza of Fonseca. José Agustín Parodi Ovalle was a captain in the Spanish military and arrived by orders of the Spanish monarchy. [10]
In 1773 the settlement of Fonseca was registered as jurisdiction of the Province of Santa Marta. Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common On June 13, 1829 Fonseca became a municipality of the Intendencia of La Guajira by Decree 1954. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for For the game see 1829 (board game. Year 1829 ( MDCCCXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display [11] Fonseca became a municipality of the Department of La Guajira in 1954. [12]
Colombian armed conflict
Since the 1970s Barrancas has been influenced by the Colombian armed conflict because of its strategic location between the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, the Serrania del Perija mountain ranges and the border with Venezuela. The Colombian armed conflict or Colombian Civil War are terms that are employed to refer to the current asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict in This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The Colombian armed conflict or Colombian Civil War are terms that are employed to refer to the current asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict in The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) through its Caribbean Bloc's 59th, 19th and 41st fronts and the National Liberation Army (ELN) guerrilla Gustavo Palmesano Front have practiced selective assassinations, kidnappings, extortions, forcedly recruitments, town sieges, arms and illegal drugs trafficking among others against the Colombian government and the civilian population. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo also known by the Acronym of The Caribbean Bloc of the FARC-EP is a medium-sized FARC-EP bloc which operates in the Northern areas of Colombia and along the Caribbean coast National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional ELN is a Revolutionary Marxist, Insurgent guerrilla group that has been operating [13]
The United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) appeared in the area in the early 2000s led by alias Jorge 40. The United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia ( Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, or AUC, in Spanish) were formed in April 1997 as an umbrella Rodrigo Tovar Pupo, (aka Jorge 40 his Nom de guerre) was born in Valledupar, Colombia. After a violent presence in the area but also dissipating the guerrillas presence, the AUC demobilized in 2006. [14]
Politics
Administrative divisions
The municipality seat of Fonseca has some 32 neighborhoods mostly houses. The municipality also has three corregimientos; Conejo, El Hatico and Sitio Nuevo. Eight police inspections: Bangañitas, El Confuso, Los Altos, Sabaneta, Los Pondores, Cardonal, Trigo and Cañaboba. Some twenty veredas: El Porvenir, El Potrero, Jaguey, Puyalito, El Puy, Potrerito, Los Toquitos, Hatico Viejo, La Yaya, San Agustín, Puerto López, Las Bendiciones, Las Marimondas, Las Colonias, La Villa, Guamachal, Mamarongo, El Chorro and Mamonal. There is one indigenous reserve called Resguardo Indígena de Mayabangloma. Mayabangloma Indigenous Reserve (Resguardo Indígena de Mayabangloma is an indigenous reserve in the municipality of Fonseca, Department of La Guajira in northern [15]
Demographics
Population data pertaining to the municipality of Fonseca from the year 2000 to 2004.
| Year | Urban | Rural | Total[16] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 22,923 | 3,126 | 26,049 |
| 2001 | 23,702 | 3,232 | 26,934 |
| 2002 | 24,508 | 3,342 | 27,580 |
| 2003 | 25,341 | 3,456 | 28,797 |
| 2004 | 26,203 | 3,547 | 29,777 |
Culture
Fonseca celebrates the Festival del Retorno (Festival of the Return) every year in which people from Fonseca living in other towns, regions or countries are celebrated for their return to town. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [17]
References
- ^ (Spanish) Colombian Registry of the Civil State: 2007 election results
- ^ (Spanish) Observatorio del Caribe Colombiano: Grupo Regional de investigación en economía y competitividad en el Caribe colombiano by Weildler Guerra, Paola Quintero, Jorge Quintero and Ana María Maldonado
- ^ (Spanish) Government of La Guajira: Geography of Fonseca
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca Developing Plan 2004: Area and Location
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: Geography
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: Geography
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: Climate
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: History
- ^ (Spanish) Government of La Guajira: History of Fonseca
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: History
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca: History
- ^ (Spanish) Government of La Guajira: History of Fonseca
- ^ (Spanish) Government of Colombia - Human rights in La Guajira
- ^ (Spanish) Government of Colombia - Human rights in La Guajira
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca Development Plan 2004: Sub-duvisions
- ^ (Spanish) Fonseca Development Plan 2004: demography
- ^ (Spanish) mifonseca.net: Festival del Retorno
External links
- (Spanish) Fonseca official website
- (Spanish) Gobernacion de La Guajira - Fonseca
- (Spanish) mifonseca.com - Festival del Retorno in Fonseca
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