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Flemings
(Vlamingen)
Total population

6,550,000 (2006 estimate)

Regions with significant populations
Flag of Belgium Belgium 6,230,000 [1]
Flag of Canada Canada 12,430 - 168,910 [2]
Flag of the United States United States 58,545 - 389,171 [3]
Flag of France France 187,750 [2]
Flag of South Africa South Africa 55,200 [2]
Flag of Australia Australia 15,130 [2]
Languages
Dutch

(Generally as 2nd or 3rd language, 59% of the Flemings can speak French, 53% English)[4]

Religions
Roman Catholic, other. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people
Related ethnic groups

(In alphabetical order)
Afrikaners, Dutch. The term Afrikaner people refers to white Afrikaans -speaking people who have been established in Southern Africa since the 17th century and are mainly of northwestern The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. [5]

The terms Fleming and Flemings (Vlaming and Vlamingen in Dutch) denote respectively a person and people, and the Flemings or the Flemish (always de Vlamingen) or the Flemish people (het Vlaamse volk) the population forming a community of more than six million people and the majority of all Belgians, of Flanders, the northern half of the country. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands.

Modern[6] Flanders however, does not correspond closely to the former County of Flanders, which included parts of present-day France and the Netherlands and did not include the central and eastern parts of present-day Flanders, which were part of other Holy Roman fiefs, chiefly the Duchy of Brabant and the County of Loon. The County of Flanders was a historical region in the Low Countries. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Under the system of Feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud, feoff, or fee, often consisted of inheritable lands or revenue-producing The Duchy of Brabant was a historical region in the Low Countries. The County of Loon (Graafschap Loon, Comté de Looz) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, lying in present-day Belgium. Within proper context, the term 'Fleming' may still refer specifically to a native of West Flanders or East Flanders, the two provinces in Belgium that were part of the former county, or rarely to a native of other parts of that county who speaks a Dutch dialect from the Flemish county or the standard Dutch language. West Flanders (West-Vlaanderen is the westernmost province of the Flemish Region also named Flanders, in Belgium. East Flanders ( Oost-Vlaanderen in Dutch, Flandre orientale in French) is a province of Flanders, one of the three This original usage may similarly occur for the plural forms.

Contents

Culture and identity

The native Flemings descend from Germanic tribes, predominantly Franks, and mixed Celtic-Germanic "Gaulish" tribes who had lived in the same region even before Roman times. The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic Gaulish or Gallic is the name given to the Celtic language that was spoken in Gaul before the Vulgar Latin of the late Roman Empire became [7]. In the first instance, Flemish culture is defined by its West Germanic language, Dutch, shared with most people in the Netherlands, as opposed to the Francophone compatriots within Belgium. The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three traditional branches of the Germanic family of Languages and include languages such as English Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Contrary to popular belief, a Flemish literature does exist, though Flemish literary schools are also present within the Dutch literature as a whole. Books written by Flemings and by Dutch people are read by Dutch-speakers worldwide. It does not make a difference that most readers are able to distinguish fine differences, mainly in vocabulary. In a wider sense, Flemings read many books written in other languages: not only English (dominating scientific and professional literature), but also French or German, and reasonable quantities of other literary production. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.

For students, the intellectual norm in Flanders means learning two or even three foreign languages (at least two are obligatory in most secondary school programs, generally French and English, but also German and/or a languages chosen from a supplementary list) to a higher standard than in most countries. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Cosmopolitanism is a historical constant in Flanders' very open economy, while the mainly Anglo-Saxon orientation is a rather recent phenomenon as, until the 1960s, Flanders was heavily dominated by French culture (as long enforced by the Belgian state), which now only is an honorable second. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. The Culture of France and of the French people has been shaped by its geography, by profound historical events, and by foreign and Proficiency in English has greatly improved during the last half century, whereas proficiency in French and German has decreased somewhat. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Proficiency in other languages widened, and improved, although some companies complain about a seemingly eternal lack of sufficient German-speakers.

Related ethno-linguistic groups

The Flemish once formed a single ethnic group with what are currently the Dutch. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. When the split occurred is a matter of debate; in fact, there are people who dispute whether the Flemish form a distinct ethnic group at all. For a fuller treatment, see the Flemish section of the article about the Dutch. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands.

Franks
Frisians
Other West-Germanic
peoples/tribes
Dutch
West-
Frisians
(West) Germanic peoples
Flemings
Dutch
Dutch-Frisians
Afrikaners
= Strong linguistic connections. The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group The Frisians are an ethnic group of Germanic people living in coastal parts of The Netherlands and Germany. The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three traditional branches of the Germanic family of Languages and include languages such as English The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three traditional branches of the Germanic family of Languages and include languages such as English Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname West Frisian ( Frysk) is a Language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland ( Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands. West Frisian ( Frysk) is a Language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland ( Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands. The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. Friesland ( West Frisian: Fryslân, Dutch Friesland) is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the bigger region known The term Afrikaner people refers to white Afrikaans -speaking people who have been established in Southern Africa since the 17th century and are mainly of northwestern Linguistics is the scientific study of Language, encompassing a number of sub-fields
= Strong cultural connections. Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic
† = Exinct/No longer used. In Biology and Ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a Species or group of taxa.
Legend:


Official language

The official language of Flanders is Dutch (at the Belgian - federal - level at par with French, and to a lesser extent German; the language legislation is complex and politically extremely sensitive). A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to A language is a dynamic set of visual auditory or tactile Symbols of Communication and the elements used to manipulate them Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname This article describes the history of the laws on the use of official languages in Belgium.

Dialects tended to be very strong, almost particular to every locality. Since World War II, the influence of radio, television, and with more people moving out of their region of birth, the use of the original dialects tends to decrease. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Differences between the regional dialects erode and new types of intermediate dialects appear, including a non-standardized mix of standard Dutch with 'cleaned-up' dialect. This is often called 'tussentaal' ('language-in-between') or, derogatorily, 'verkavelingsvlaams' (speech as where Flemish people from diverse locations and dialects become neighbours in a newly built-up out of town quarter). In Brussels, the local dialect is heavily influenced by French, both in pronunciation, as in vocabulary. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Only a small number (c. 150,000) of the inhabitants of French Flanders can speak or understand Dutch or the local dialect. French Flanders (La Flandre française Frans-Vlaanderen is a part of the historical originally Dutch-speaking region Flanders in present-day France. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname [8]

Religion

Approximately 75% of the Flemish people are by baptism assumed Roman Catholic, though a still diminishing minority of less than 8% attends mass on a regular basis. In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted Nearly half of the inhabitants of Flanders are Agnostic or Atheist. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Agnosticism ( Greek: α- a-, without + γνώσις gnōsis, knowledge after Gnosticism) is the philosophical view that the Atheism A 2006 inquiry in Flanders, showed 55% chose to call themselves religious, 36% believe that God created the world. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. [9] (See also Religion in Belgium. A 2006 inquiry in Flanders, long considered more religious than the Brussels or Wallonia regions in Belgium, showed 55% of its inhabitants calling )

Flemish movement

Main article: Flemish movement

The confrontational nature of Flemish politics is related to the communal tension between Dutch-speaking Flanders and French-speaking Wallonia. The Flemish Movement (Vlaamse Beweging is a popular term used to describe the political movement for emancipation and greater autonomy of the Belgian region of Flanders is both a cultural community and an economic region within the Belgian state, and has significant autonomy See also Communalism (South Asia. In many parts of the world communalism is a modern term that describes a broad range of Social movements Wallonia, or Wallonie, (Wallonie Wallonien Wallonië Waloneye is the Meridional part of Belgium belonging to the Romance linguistic field These ultimately resulted in the federalization of Belgium, and the Flemish movement includes secessionist tendencies and groups. The Flemish Movement (Vlaamse Beweging is a popular term used to describe the political movement for emancipation and greater autonomy of the Belgian region of Flanders Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio is the act of withdrawing from an organization union or especially a political entity [10] Functions continue to devolve away from the Belgian state to the institutional regions and communities. Belgium is a federal state comprising three communities, three regions, and four language areas.

Until the 1960s the Belgian state was Francophone. The adjective francophone (alternately Francophone) means French -speaking typically as primary language whether referring to individuals groups or places Not only the Walloons were Francophone but also the nobility, since Burgundian times, and the Flemish bourgeoisie since the early 19th century. In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands refers to the period when the dukes of Burgundy ruled the area as well as Luxembourg and parts of Use of French was mandatory in all aspects of public life: government, the courts, academia, and industry. Until the 1930s, for example, the Flemish majority was educated only in French; courts were conducted in French (with notorious examples of Flemish peasants tried and judged in a language they did not comprehend). During the First World War there were tensions between Flemish soldiers and French speaking officers. Since the falling-off of its traditional coal mining and steel industries at the beginning of the 60's, Wallonia, the French-speaking southern half of Belgium, which was the leading economic force in Belgium and the strongest contributor to its wealth, has become more and more subsidized by the more economically robust Flemish north, an issue that remains unresolved.

Within the Flemish Movement, the demand for outright independence grew stronger in the last decades. There are three political parties strongly advocating secession from Belgium: the Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (New Flemish Alliance), the Vlaams Belang (or 'VB') and the new Lijst Dedecker. Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio is the act of withdrawing from an organization union or especially a political entity The Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie ("New-Flemish Alliance" is a Flemish nationalist and Center-right political party founded in the autumn of 2001 Vlaams Belang ( English: Flemish Interest) is an anti-immigration right-wing Political party in the Flemish Community of Belgium List Dedecker (Lijst Dedecker is a Belgian Political party founded in January 2007 by Senator Jean-Marie Dedecker. VB is considered by all other Flemish political parties to be far right. Belgium is a federation with a Multi-party political system with numerous parties who factually have no chance of gaining power alone and therefore must work with each other to form Far right, extreme right, ultra-right, or radical right are terms used to discuss the qualitative or quantitative position a group Its identification of the Flemings as a separate 'people' (Dutch: volk) is controversial. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname It associates that claim with rejection of a Belgian national identity, and describes itself as a Flemish nationalist party, seeking a separate and sovereign state for the Flemish people, which is claimed to be a nation, and to have its own national identity. [11] It seeks the dissolution of Belgium. [12]

The viewpoints of the Vlaams Belang, which is the continuation of the after a court conviction for racism dissolved Vlaams Blok, are not shared by Flemish mainstream parties. With the elected smaller and the French Community parties they continued the cordon sanitaire around the Vlaams Belang, which is an agreement not to form a coalition or to cooperate at any level with that party. Cordon sanitaire is a French phrase that literally translated means Quarantine line The large Flemish mainstream Christian-Democrat party CD&V forms an alliance with the Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie. Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (CD&V (Christian Democratic and Flemish is a Flemish Community of Belgium Political party, formerly called Christian The Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie ("New-Flemish Alliance" is a Flemish nationalist and Center-right political party founded in the autumn of 2001

Both Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie and Lijst Dedecker have a slightly different priority. The Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie ("New-Flemish Alliance" is a Flemish nationalist and Center-right political party founded in the autumn of 2001 List Dedecker (Lijst Dedecker is a Belgian Political party founded in January 2007 by Senator Jean-Marie Dedecker. They are not against Belgium out of principle, but more out of dissatisfaction. They think that the Belgian state will never recognize the rights of Flanders and the Flemings, and that therefore, it is better, and more democratic for the Flemish people to aim for independence.

The Flemish Community is one of the three institutional Communities of Belgium, not identical to the Flemish Region, though both have a single body of parliament, government and administration. The term Flemish Community has two distinct though related meanings Culturally and sociologically it refers to Flemish organizations media social and cultural Belgium is a federal state comprising three communities, three regions, and four language areas. The Flemish Region ( Dutch: Vlaams Gewest) is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium alongside the Walloon Region

Symbols

The official flag and coat of arms of the Flemish Community represents a black lion with red claws and tongue on a yellow field (or a lion rampant sable armed and langued gules). The term Flemish Community has two distinct though related meanings Culturally and sociologically it refers to Flemish organizations media social and cultural [13] A flag with a completely black lion had been in wide use before 1991 when the current version was officially adopted by the Flemish Community. That older flag was at times recognized by government sources (alongside the version with red claws and tongue). [14][15] Both flags can still be seen in popular use, though only the modern one is recognised by law. The Flemish authorities also use two logos of a highly stylized black lion which show the claws and tongue in either red or black. A logo ( Greek el λογότυπος = el-Latn logotypos is a graphical element ( Ideogram, Symbol, Emblem, Icon, Sign) [16]

Origin of the Flemish lion

Coat of arms of the counts of Flanders

The first documented use[17] of the Flemish lion was on the seal of Philip d'Alsace, count of Flanders of 1162. A seal can mean a wax seal bearing an impressed figure or an embossed figure in paper with the purpose of authenticating a document but the term can also mean any device for Philip of Alsace (1143 – August 1, 1191) was Count of Flanders from 1168 to 1191 counts of Flanders were the Rulers over the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the abolition of the Countship by the French revolutionaries As of that date the use of the Flemish coat of arms (or a lion rampant sable) remained in use throughout the reigns of the d'Alsace, Flanders (2nd) and Dampierre dynasties of counts. counts of Flanders were the Rulers over the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the abolition of the Countship by the French revolutionaries After the acquisition of Flanders by the Burgundian dukes the lion was only used in escutcheons. Duke of Burgundy was a title borne by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, a small portion of traditional lands of Burgundians west of river Saône which It was only after the creation of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands that the coat of arms (surmounted by a chief bearing the Royal Arms of the Netherlands) once again became the official symbol of the new province East Flanders. United Kingdom of the Netherlands (or Kingdom of the United Netherlands) (1815 - 1830 (1839 (Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas was the unofficial The Greater Coat of Arms of the Realm, (or "Grote Rijkswapen" is the personal Coat of Arms of the Monarch ( Queen Beatrix) East Flanders ( Oost-Vlaanderen in Dutch, Flandre orientale in French) is a province of Flanders, one of the three

Flanders the Lion

The motto "Vlaenderen die Leu" (Flanders the lion) was according to Eug. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Sanders present on the arms of Pieter de Coninck at the Battle of the Golden Spurs on July 11, 1302. Pieter de Coninck (died 1332 or 1333 was a weaver from Bruges well-known for his role in the events surrounding the Battle of the Golden Spurs. The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Dutch nl Guldensporenslag, French fr Bataille des éperons d'or, or Battle of Courtrai) was fought on July 11 Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. [18][19][20] Some three hundred nobles supposedly also used the motto "Vlaenderen den Leeuw" as their battlecry when they fought in the Flemish ranks to avoid being confused for the enemy. For other uses see Battle cry (disambiguation A battle cry is a yell or chant taken up in Battle, usually by members of the same In Spiegel Historiael, Louis van Velthem also refers to the lion in a song describing the battle of Blangys-Guinegatte (which took place in August 1472). Later, Hendrik Conscience used the motto in his Lion of Flanders. Henri "Hendrik" Conscience ( December 3, 1812 Antwerp - September 10, 1883 Antwerp) was a Flemish writer De Vlaamse Leeuw ( English: The Flemish Lion) is the official anthem of Flanders, a Region in the federal kingdom of Belgium

The Flemish diaspora

The Flemish diaspora consists of Flemish emigrants and their descendants in countries such as the present Netherlands, France, the United States, Britain, Canada, India (Sri Lanka), Indonesia, Australia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa and Latin America. The term Diaspora (in Greek, διασπορά &ndash " a scattering or sowing of seeds " refers any population sharing common ethnic The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

During the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries, when the territory of present-day Flanders formed the setting for an impressive economic and cultural boom as well as certain internal problems, many artists and craftsmen sought refuge elsewhere. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Flemish settlers introduced the first printing presses into Spain and Portugal. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The Flemish contribution to the exploitation as well as the population of the Azores was so conspicuous, that for a long time the archipelago was referred to as the Flemish islands. The Azores ( Açores ɐˈsoɾɨʃ or) is a Portuguese Archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1500 km (950  mi) from

Following in the wake of the explorers, Flemish missionaries such as Pieter van Gent in Mexico, Joos de Rijcke in Ecuador, Ferdinand Verbiest in China, Constant Lievens in India, Pierre-Jean DeSmet in the United States and Jozef de Veuster in Molokai built up a reputation in various overseas countries that continues even to this day. Fray Pieter van der Moere, also known as Fray Pedro de Gante or Pedro de Mura (c The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. Father Ferdinand Verbiest ( October 9 1623 – January 28 1688) was a Flemish Jesuit Missionary in China China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Constant Lievens (11 April 1856 Moorslede, Belgium - 7 November 1893 Leuven, Belgium is a Belgian ( Flemish) Jesuit priest India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Father Pierre-Jean De Smet, ( 30 January 1801 – 23 May 1873) also known as Pierre DeSmet and Peter DeSmet a Roman Catholic priest The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Blessed Damien de Veuster ( January 3, 1840 &ndash April 15, 1889) born Jozef de Veuster and also known as Blessed Damien Molokai (also Molokai) is an Island in the Hawaiian archipelago.

A combination of a demographic explosion and inadequate economic growth resulted in an emigration from Flanders that continued up to the First World War. "Emigrant" redirects here For the Butterflies, see Catopsilia. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All It was something that every family faced sooner or later. Not only did it involve the so-called lower classes of the population, but also members of the better classes who found a future overseas in teacher-training colleges and colleges of engineering and agriculture. Louis Cruis, for example, was a Flemish engineer who led expeditions to lay down the boundaries of Brazil and the city limits of the capital Brasilia. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Brasília (bɾaˈziliɐ is the Capital of Brazil. The city and its District are located in the Central-West region of the country along a Plateau

About 400,000 Flemings settled in France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. They often had to start afresh in poor villages, from where they breathed new life into agriculture. There are an estimated 1,250,000 people with a Flemish surname in France. The Nord and Pas-de-Calais departments however, were parts of historic Flanders before France annexed the region in 1656 (and other additions until the last permanent boundary change in the 1790s after the French Revolution). Nord (North is a department in the far north of France. It is the country's most populated department Pas-de-Calais is a department in northern France. Its name is the French language equivalent of the Strait of Dover, which it borders The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an

Similar to the Netherlands, many Flemish families also emigrated to South Africa due to the relative closeness of culture and language.

In the United States and Canada today, there are Americans with Flemish roots. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

References

  1. ^ Structuur van de bevolking — België / Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest / Vlaams Gewest / Waals Gewest / De 25 bevolkingsrijkste gemeenten (2000–2006) (asp) (Dutch). Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname Belgian Federal Government Service (ministry) of Economy — Directorate-general Statistics Belgium (© 1998/2007). Retrieved on 2007-05-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne — Note: 59% of the Belgians can be considered Flemish, i. e. , Dutch-speaking: Native speakers of Dutch living in Wallonia and of French in Flanders are relatively small minorities which furthermore largely balance one another, hence counting all inhabitants of each unilingual area to the area's language can cause only insignificant inaccuracies (99% can speak the language). Dutch: Flanders' 6. 079 million inhabitants and about 15% of Brussels' 1. 019 million are 6. 23 million or 59. 3% of the 10. 511 million inhabitants of Belgium (2006); German: 70,400 in the German-speaking Community (which has language facilities for its less than 5% French-speakers), and an estimated 20,000–25,000 speakers of German in the Walloon Region outside the geographical boundaries of their official Community, or 0. The municipalities with language facilities, occasionally called municipalities with linguistic facilities or shortly municipalities with facilities ( Dutch 9%; French: in the latter area as well as mainly in the rest of Wallonia (3. 414 - 0. 093 = 3. 321 million) and 85% of the Brussels inhabitants (0. 866 million) thus 4. 187 million or 39. 8%; together indeed 100%
  2. ^ a b c d Vlamingen in de Wereld. Vlamingen in de Wereld, a foundation offering services for Flemish expatriates, with cooperation of the Flemish government. . Retrieved on 2007-03-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant , Canada: 2006 Canadian Census gives 12,430 respondents stating their ethnic origin as Flemish. Another 168,910 reported 'Belgian'. See List of Canadians by ethnicity (2001). This is a list of Canadian residents ( Citizens, Landed immigrants and non-citizen temporary residents by the ethnic origin(s they chose to list on their
  3. ^ The 2006 US American Community Survey listed 389,171 people claiming "Belgian" ancestry.
  4. ^ Ginsburgh, Victor, Université Catholique de Louvain; Weber, Shlomo, Professor Economy and Director of the Center for Economic Studies of the Southern Methodist University, Dallas, USA, and having a seat in the expert panel of the IMF [1] (June 2006). Victor Alexandre Ginsburgh (born 1939 in Rwanda) is a Belgian Economist of Austrian origin The Université catholique de Louvain, sometimes known as UCL, is Belgium 's largest French -speaking University, and a successor institution Southern Methodist University ("SMU" is a private, Coeducational University in University Park, Texas (an enclave The International Monetary Fund ( IMF) is an International organization that oversees the Global financial system by following the Macroeconomic "La dynamique des langues en Belgique" (in French) (pdf 0. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people 7 MB). Regards économiques, Publication préparée par les économistes de l'Université Catholique de Louvain (Numéro 42). The Université catholique de Louvain, sometimes known as UCL, is Belgium 's largest French -speaking University, and a successor institution “Ce numéro de Regards économiques est consacré à la question des connaissances linguistiques en Belgique et dans ses trois régions (Bruxelles, Flandre, Wallonie). Les enquêtes montrent que la Flandre est bien plus multilingue, ce qui est sans doute un fait bien connu, mais la différence est considérable : alors que 59 % et 53 % des Flamands connaissent le français ou l'anglais respectivement, seulement 19 % et 17 % des Wallons connaissent le néerlandais ou l'anglais. Les mesures préconisées par le Plan Marshall vont dans la bonne direction, mais sont sans doute très insuffisantes pour combler le retard. . . . 95 pour cent des Bruxellois déclarent parler le français, alors que ce pourcentage tombe à 59 pour cent pour le néerlandais. Quant à l’anglais, il est connu par une proportion importante de la population à Bruxelles (41 pour cent). . . . Le syndrome d’H (. . . ) frappe la Wallonie, où à peine 19 et 17 pour cent de la population parlent respectivement le néerlandais et l’anglais. ” 
  5. ^ Afrikaners: mainly the descendants of Dutch colonists in South Africa, speak Afrikaans a mutually intelligable Dutch semi-creol; Dutch: share origin, language and much of their history with the Flemish and live adjacent to the them. Afrikaans is an Indo-European language, derived from 17th century Dutch and classified as Low Franconian Germanic, mainly spoken in Note: One can assume a far relation of the Flemish with Germans of northwestern regions on linguistic and near the common border on historical grounds; with Frisians only based on an indirect relation via the Dutch and a slightly related Germanic language. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as The Frisians are an ethnic group of Germanic people living in coastal parts of The Netherlands and Germany.
  6. ^ Footnote: Though the usage of 'Flanders' for the area roughly corresponding to the present-day Flemish Community became more and more common as the twentieth century proceeded, a similar broader usage occasionally occurred already much earlier, for instance, an English-language map dating from c. The term Flemish Community has two distinct though related meanings Culturally and sociologically it refers to Flemish organizations media social and cultural  1718 of the Low Countries distinguishes the larger printed "Flanders" encompassing at least (the county of) "Flanders proper", Brabant, Limburg (including their parts of present-day France, the Netherlands, and the Walloon Region) and parts of the Prins-Bishopric of Liège: A new map of the Netherlands or Low Countries. The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt The Walloon Region, commonly called Wallonia, is one of the three Regions of Belgium. "New Sett of Maps". map: Wells, Edward (1667–1727); engraving: Nicholls, Sutton; IT technology: LizardTech, Inc. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
  7. ^ Footnote: The Celtic and/or Germanic influences on and origin(s) of the pre-Roman Belgae remains disputed; Julius Caesar had called them 'Gauls' but had also distinguished them from these. The Belgae were a group of tribes living in northern Gaul in the 1st century BC and later also attested in Britain. Gaius Julius Caesar most commonly refers to Gaius Julius Caesar (100 BC - 44 BC conqueror of Gaul dictator Gaius Julius Caesar may Further reading e. g. Witt, Constanze Maria (May 1997). Ethnic and Cultural Identity. Barbarians on the Greek Periphery? — Origins of Celtic Art. Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities, University of Virginia. The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research Retrieved on 2007-06-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
  8. ^ Dutch/Flemish in the North of France (Hugo Ryckeboer) University of Ghent, Department of Dutch Linguistics
  9. ^ Inquiry by 'Vepec', 'Vereniging voor Promotie en Communicatie' (Organisation for Promotion and Communication), published in Knack magazine 22 November 2006 p. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 14 [The Dutch language term 'gelovig' is in the text translated as 'religious'; more precisely it is a very common word for believing in particular in any kind of God in a monotheistic sense, and/or in some afterlife]. For the Celtic Frost album see Monotheist (album In Theology, monotheism (from Greek grc [[wiktμόνος μόνος]] AfterLife is a film drama set in Scotland directed by Alison Peebles made in 2003 about an ambitious Scottish journalist forced to choose between
  10. ^ For example Vlaams Belang, states that the "Flemish people' have a right to self-determination: De Vlaamse onafhankelijkheid is een principekwestie voor het Vlaams Belang. Vlaams Belang ( English: Flemish Interest) is an anti-immigration right-wing Political party in the Flemish Community of Belgium Het Vlaamse volk kan en moet zijn recht op zelfbeschikking uitoefenen. Party Programme, [2].
  11. ^ Party Programme [3]: Het Vlaams Belang is een Vlaams-nationalistische partij. Voor ons is het zelfbeschikkingsrecht der volkeren fundamenteel. De soevereiniteit van een natie moet van het volk zelf uitgaan. Elk volk heeft het recht zijn toekomst in te richten zoals het dat wil, bij voorkeur in een eigen staat. Wij vinden dat de identiteit van ons volk, van élk volk, zo waardevol is dat een nationale identiteit speciale bescherming moet genieten.
  12. ^ Party Programme [4]: Vlaanderen moet Europa voorbereiden op een vreedzame opdeling van België. Vlaanderen moet Europa warm maken voor een uitdagend en dynamisch project, voor de komst van een nieuwe, moderne staat in het hart van Europa.
  13. ^ (Dutch) Flemish Authorities - coat of arms De officiële voorstelling van het wapen van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, in zwart - wit en in kleur, werd vastgesteld bij de ministeriële besluiten van 2 januari 1991 (BS 2 maart 1991), en zoals afgebeeld op de bijlagen bij deze besluiten. - flag
  14. ^ Samples of the black lion without red tongue and claws for the province of East and West Flanders before the regionalization of Belgian provinces: (1954 or later) Verschuerens Modern Woordenboek, 6th revised ed. West Flanders (West-Vlaanderen is the westernmost province of the Flemish Region also named Flanders, in Belgium. . N. V. Brepols, Turnhout, volume M-Z, plate "Wapenschilden" left of p. 1997.   This dictionary/encyclopaedia was put on the list of school books allowed to be used in the official secondary institutions of education on March 8, 1933 by the Belgian government
  15. ^ Armorial des provinces et des communes de Belgique, Max Servais: pages 217-219, explaining the 1816 origin of the Flags of the provinces of East and West Flanders and their post 1830 modifications
  16. ^ Flemish authorities show a logo of a highly stylized black lion either with red claws and tongue (sample: 'error' page by ministry of the Flemish Community) or a completely black version. Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
  17. ^ Armorial des provinces et des communes de Belgique, Max Servais
  18. ^ Flanders (Belgium). Flags of the World web site (2006-12-02). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire Retrieved on 2007-08-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
  19. ^ Velde, François R. (2000-04-01). 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne War-Cries. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
  20. ^ Olivier, M. (1995-06-13). Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Voorstel van decreet houdende instelling van de Orde van de Vlaamse Leeuw (Vlaamse Raad, stuk 36, buitengewone zitting 1995 – Nr. 1) (pdf) (Dutch). Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname Flemish Parliament. The Flemish Parliament ( Dutch: Vlaams Parlement, and formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad) constitutes the legislative power Retrieved on 2007-08-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.

See also

Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. The Flemish Region ( Dutch: Vlaams Gewest) is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium alongside the Walloon Region The term Flemish Community has two distinct though related meanings Culturally and sociologically it refers to Flemish organizations media social and cultural De Vlaamse Leeuw ( English: The Flemish Lion) is the official anthem of Flanders, a Region in the federal kingdom of Belgium
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