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| Name | Drapeau tricolore |
| Use | National flag. flag of south africa This is an incomplete blue white red black green, saltire flag Nicknames. The design and description of Flags typically uses specialised flag terminology' with precise and technical meanings and is hence a form of Jargon. A national flag is a Flag that symbolises a country The flag is flown by the government but usually can be flown by Citizens of that country as well A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification  |
| Proportion | 2:3 |
| Adopted | 15 February 1794 |
| Design | A vertical tricolour of blue, white, and red. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A tricolour or tricolor (three colours is a Flag or Banner more-or-less equally divided (horizontally vertically or less frequently diagonally Blue is a Colour, the Perception of which is evoked by White is a Color, the perception which is evoked by Light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive Cone cells in the Human eye Red is any of a number of similar Colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of Light discernible by the human eye in the wavelength |
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| Use | National ensign. The design and description of Flags typically uses specialised flag terminology' with precise and technical meanings and is hence a form of Jargon. An ensign is a distinguishing Flag of a ship or a military unit or a distinguishing token emblem or badge such as a symbol of office An ensign is a distinguishing Flag of a ship or a military unit or a distinguishing token emblem or badge such as a symbol of office  |
| Proportion | 2:3 |
| Adopted | 17 May 1853 |
| Design | As above, but with bars in proportion 30:33:37. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. Year 1853 ( MDCCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common (See French ensigns. A French ensign is the flag flown at sea to identify a vessel as French. ) |
The national flag of France (known in French as drapeau tricolore, drapeau bleu-blanc-rouge, drapeau français, never, le tricolore and, in military parlance, les couleurs) is a tricolour featuring three vertical bands coloured blue (hoist side), white, and red. A national flag is a Flag that symbolises a country The flag is flown by the government but usually can be flown by Citizens of that country as well This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people A tricolour or tricolor (three colours is a Flag or Banner more-or-less equally divided (horizontally vertically or less frequently diagonally
It is known to English speakers as the French tricolour or the tricolour. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The traditional emblem of France was the fleur-de-lis, or lily, which first appeared on the arms in the 12th century. The Tricolore was used during the Revolution and has since become a symbol of liberty around the world. Other nations have also adopted the design. Because France has no arms, the Tricolore is also the national emblem. The colors probably derived from those of Paris (red), combined with those of the Bourbon Dynasty (white), though they are usually associated with liberty, equality, and fraternity, the ideals of the French Revolution.
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Design
The colours adopted by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, which replaced a darker version of the flag, are
| Scheme | Blue | White | Red |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pantone | Reflex Blue | Safe | Red 032 |
| CMYK | 100. Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing (born 2 February 1926 is a French centre - right politician who was President of the French Pantone Inc is a corporation headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey, USA CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color 70. 0. 5 | 0. 0. 0. 0 | 0. 90. 86. 0 |
| RGB | (0,85,164) | (255,255,255) | (239,65,53) |
| HTML | #0055A4 | #FFFFFF | #EF4135 |
| NCS | S 2565 R80B | N/A | S 0580 Y80R |
Currently, the flag is 50% wider than its height (i. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure e. in the proportion 2:3) and, except in the navy, has stripes of equal width. The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale ( National Navy) and often called La Royale ( The Royal Navy) is the maritime arm Initially, the three stripes of the flag were not equally wide, being in the proportions 30 (blue), 33 (white) and 37 (red). The theory behind this was that if they were equal then the white stripe, being brighter, would appear disproportionately wider to the human eye. Under Napoleon I, the proportions were changed to make the stripes' width equal, but by a regulation dated 17 May 1853, the navy went back to using the 30:33:37 proportions, which it continues to use. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. Year 1853 ( MDCCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common
Symbolism
The blue and red were the ancient colors of Paris, to which the Commander of the Guard, Lafayette, reputedly, added the royal white. The Flag of Europe is the flag and emblem of the European Union (EU and Council of Europe (CoE London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city [1]
The exact meaning of the colors has been added after the fact. It is sometimes said that the colors of the French flag represent the three main estates of the Ancien Régime (the clergy: white, the nobility: red and the bourgeoisie: blue). The Estates of the realm were the broad divisions of society usually distinguishing Nobility, Clergy, and Commoners recognized in the Middle Ages Ancien Régime ( pronounced: /ɑ̃sjɛ̃ ʁeʒim/ refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given Religion. Nobility is a government-privileged title which may be either hereditary (see Hereditary titles) or for a lifetime Blue, as the symbol of the bourgeois class, comes first within the colour enumeration and red, representing the nobility, comes last. Both extreme colours are situated on each side of white referring to a superior order. [2]
History
Middle ages
During the early Middle Ages, the oriflamme, the flag of Saint-Denis, was used—red, with two, three or five spikes. Saint Denis (also called Dionysius, Dennis, or Denys) is a Christian martyr and Saint. Originally, it was the personal flag of Charlemagne, given to him by the Pope in the ninth century. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Over time, it became the royal banner under the Carolingians and the Capetians. The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolings, or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family with its origins in the For the Direct Capetians, who ruled France 987&ndash1328 see the House of Capet. It was stored in Saint-Denis abbey, where it was taken when war broke out. French kings went forth into battle preceded either by Saint Martin’s red cape, which was supposed to protect the monarch, or by the red banner of Saint Denis.
The three colours first appeared together tied as ribbons, on the pontifical banner that Pope Leo III offered to Emperor Charlemagne in 796, the blue being the colour of the Church, the white that of virgins, and the red homage paid to Christian martyrs.
Later during the Middle Ages, these colours came to be associated with the reigning house of France. In 1328, the coat-of-arms of the House of Valois was blue with gold fleurs-de-lis bordered in red. See also France in the Middle Ages, Early Modern France Unexpected inheritance The Capetian dynasty seemed secure both during and From this time on, the kings of France were represented in vignettes and manuscripts wearing a red gown under a blue coat decorated with gold fleurs-de-lis. It should be noted that, in liturgical symbolism, gold is the equivalent of white. Many other examples could be given of the association of the three colours—blue, white and red—with the French kings and their households.
During the Hundred Years War, England was recognised by a red cross, Burgundy, a red saltire, and France, a white cross. The Hundred Years' War (Guerre de Cent Ans was a prolonged conflict lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne vacant with the extinction of the senior The Duchy of Burgundy was a feudal territory once existing within the Kingdom of France. St Andrew's Cross redirects here For the item of BDSM furniture see Saint Andrew's Cross (BDSM A saltire, Saint Andrew's Cross This cross could figure either on a blue or a red field. The blue field eventually became the common standard for French armies. The French regiments were later assigned the white cross as standard, with their proper colours in the cantons.
The flag of Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years War is described in her own words, "I had a banner of which the field was sprinkled with lilies; the world was painted there, with an angel at each side; it was white of the white cloth called 'boccassin'; there was written above it, I believe, 'JHESUS MARIA'; it was fringed with silk. Joan of Arc (c 1412 Joan asserted that she had visions from God that told her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' ". [3]
From the white flag to the drapeau tricolore
From the accession of the Bourbons on the throne of France, the green ensign of the navy became a plain white flag, being the symbol of purity and of royal authority (this flag also became the de facto national flag of the Kingdom of France). The merchant navy was assigned "the old flag of the nation of France", the white cross on a blue field.
The drapeau tricolor became popular at the Revolution, the blue and the red being the colours of Paris with the white of France. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city The final design was adopted in 1794.
After the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, the Tricolour — with its revolutionary connotations — was replaced by the white flag which had been in use before the Revolution. Following the ousting of Napoleon I of France in 1814 the Allies restored the Bourbon Dynasty to the French throne Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year However, following the July Revolution of 1830, the new "Citizen-King," Louis-Philippe, restored the tricolour. The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution, saw the overthrow of King Charles X, the French For the game see 1830 (board game. Year 1830 ( MDCCCXXX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display Louis Philippe ( 6 October 1773 &ndash 26 August 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the
The tricolour remained the national flag under the Second Republic and Second Empire. History Revolution of 1848 See also Mid-nineteenth century France The industrial population of the Faubourgs The Second French Empire or Second Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870 between the Second Following the overthrow of Napoleon III, voters elected a royalist majority to the National Assembly of the new Third Republic. Napoléon III, also known as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (full name Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte) (20 April 1808 9 January 1873 was the first President The French Third Republic (in French, La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe This parliament then offered the throne to the Bourbon pretender, Henri, comte de Chambord. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Henri V of France and Navarre ( Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné d'Artois de France – September 29, 1820 – August 24, 1883 However, he insisted that he would accept the throne on the condition that the tricolour be replaced by the white flag. As the tricolour had become a cherished national symbol, this proved impossible to accommodate. Plans to restore the monarchy were adjourned and ultimately dropped, and France has remained a republic, with the tricolour flag, ever since.
The Vichy régime, which dropped the word "republic" in favour of "the French state", maintained the use of the tricolour but also used as a presidential standard a version of the tricolour defaced with a fasces and stars. Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 Fasces (ˈfæsiːz a Plurale tantum, from the Latin word fascis, meaning "bundle" symbolize summary power and Jurisdiction During this same period, Free French Forces used a tricolour defaced with a red Cross of Lorraine. The Free French Forces (Forces Françaises Libres FFL) were French fighters in World War II who decided to continue fighting against Axis forces This article is about a symbol For the film see The Cross of Lorraine.
.svg/120px-Flag_of_France_(XIV-XVI).svg.png) The flag of medieval France, still used for present-day Île-de-France |
 The drapeau blanc (white flag), the national flag and naval ensign of the Kingdom of France until 1789 and from 1814 to 1830[4] |
 Standard of the royal family of France commonly used as the State flag of France prior to the revolution in 1789. Île-de-France is one of the ancient Provinces of France, and the one that has been the centre of power during most of French history. Early Modern France is the Early modern period of French history from the end of the 15th century to the end of the 18th century (or from the French Renaissance Following the ousting of Napoleon I of France in 1814 the Allies restored the Bourbon Dynasty to the French throne Early Modern France is the Early modern period of French history from the end of the 15th century to the end of the 18th century (or from the French Renaissance [5] |
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 Early depiction of the tricolour in the hands of a sans-culotte during the French Revolution. Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent Sans-culottes ( French for "without Knee-breeches " was a term created around 1790 - 1792 by the French Aristocracy to describe the |
 The flag of France since 1794 (interruption 1814/15-1830. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a |
 Presidential standard of Vichy France. Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 |
 Flag used by the Free French Forces during World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including |
See also
Notes
- ^ The French flag. Some of the colonies, protectorates and mandates of the French Colonial Empire used distinctive colonial flags. Marianne, a National emblem of the French Republic, is by extension a Personification]alagor of Liberty and Reason. Retrieved on 2008-03-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor.
- ^ France, the tricolour banner. Retrieved on 2008-03-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor.
- ^ Whitney Smith, Flags through the ages and across the world, McGraw-Hill, England, 1975 ISBN 0-07-059093-1, pp. 66-67, The Standard of Joan of Arc,after quoting her from her trial transcript he states: "it was her influence which determined that white should serve as the principal French national color from shortly after her death in 1431 until the French Revolution almost 350 years later. "
- ^ http://www.taxiclic.com/articles/Drapeau-francais.html http://www.cia-france.com/francais/la_france_le_francais/bleu_blanc_rouge.htm http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/article-imprim.php3?id_article=5157 http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/SYMBOLES/sommaire.asp http://www.ambafrance-us.org/fr/aaz/republique.asp
- ^ 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition, New York 1910, Vol. X, p. 460: "The oriflamme and the Chape de St Martin were succeeded at the end of the 16th century, when Henry III. , the last of the house of Valois, came to the throne, by the white standard powdered with fleurs-de-lis. This in turn gave place to the famous tricolour. "George Ripley, Charles Anderson Dana, The American Cyclopaedia, New York, 1874, p. 250, ". . . the standard of France was white, sprinkled with golden fleur de lis. . . ". *[1]The original Banner of France was strewn with fleurs-de-lis.
- ^ [2]:on the reverse of this plate it says: "Le pavillon royal était véritablement le drapeau national au dix-huitième siecle. . . Vue du chateau d'arrière d'un vaisseau de guerre de haut rang portant le pavillon royal (blanc, avec les armes de France). [3] that is, ". . . The Royal Pavillon was the national flag in the 18th century. . . " etc.
References
- Flags Through the Ages and Across the World, Smith, Whitney, McGraw-Hill Book Co. Ltd, England, 1975. ISBN 0-07-059093-1.
External links
- France at Flags of the World
- [4] Kingdom of France (843?-1792)
- Cyber-flag (French site)
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