Flag of Canada

Name	The Maple Leaf, l'Unifolié
Use	National flag and ensign. flag of south africa This is an incomplete blue white red black green, saltire flag Nicknames. The design and description of Flags typically uses specialised flag terminology' with precise and technical meanings and is hence a form of Jargon. A national flag is a Flag that symbolises a country The flag is flown by the government but usually can be flown by Citizens of that country as well
Proportion	1:2
Adopted	February 15, 1965
Design	A vertical bicolour triband of red, white, and red, with a red maple leaf charged in the centre. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The triband is one of the most common designs of Flag, and is the design of some 30% of all current national flags The maple leaf is the characteristic Leaf of the Maple tree, and is an important national symbol of Canada.
Designed by	George F.G. Stanley

The National Flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf, and l'Unifolié (French for "the one-leafed"), is a red flag with a white square in its centre, featuring a stylized 11-pointed red maple leaf. Colonel Dr George Francis Gillman Stanley, CC, CD, FRSC, FRHSC (hon Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification The maple leaf is the characteristic Leaf of the Maple tree, and is an important national symbol of Canada. Its adoption in 1965 marked the first time a national flag had been officially adopted to replace the Union Flag. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The Canadian Red Ensign had been unofficially used since the 1890s and was approved by a 1945 Order-in-Council for use "wherever place or occasion may make it desirable to fly a distinctive Canadian flag". The Canadian Red Ensign is the former flag of Canada, used officially by the federal government though it was never adopted as official by the Parliament of Canada An Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in Commonwealth Realms. ^[1][2] In 1964, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson appointed a committee to resolve the issue, sparking a serious debate about a flag change. The Canadian Great Flag Debate took place in 1964 when a new design for the national flag was chosen Out of three choices, the maple leaf design by George F. G. Stanley was chosen. Colonel Dr George Francis Gillman Stanley, CC, CD, FRSC, FRHSC (hon The flag made its first appearance on February 15, 1965; the date is now celebrated annually as National Flag of Canada Day. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Flag Day in Canada is observed on February 15 each year commemorating the inauguration of the national flag of Canada by Governor General ^[3]

Other flags have been created for use by Canadian officials, government bodies, and military forces. Most of these flags contain the maple leaf motif in some fashion, either by having the Canadian flag charged in the canton, or by including maple leaves in the design. The Royal Union Flag is also an official flag in Canada, used as a symbol of Canada's membership in the Commonwealth of Nations, and of its allegiance to the Crown. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of The flag forms a component of other Canadian flags, notably the provincial flags of Manitoba and Ontario. The Flag of Manitoba is a variation of the Red Ensign which bears the shield of the provincial coat of arms. The current Flag of Ontario was proclaimed the official flag of the Canadian province of Ontario by the Flag Act on May 21, 1965 ^[4]

Contents 1 Design 2 History 3 Alternative flags 4 Protocol 4.1 Half-staff 5 Promoting the flag 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links

Design

See also: Maple leaf

The length of the Maple Leaf flag is twice the width. The maple leaf is the characteristic Leaf of the Maple tree, and is an important national symbol of Canada. The Maritime Museum of the Atlantic is a Canadian Maritime museum located in downtown Halifax, Nova Scotia. See also Halifax Nova Scotia See also Halifax Regional Municipality municipal election 2008 Halifax Regional Municipality is the capital Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's The white field is a Canadian pale (a square central band in a vertical triband flag, named after this flag), and each bordering red field is exactly half its size. In Vexillology and Heraldry, a Canadian pale is a centre band of a vertical triband Flag (a pale in heraldry that covers half the ^[5] In the centre of the white field is a red maple leaf. In heraldry, the flag has been blazoned as "Gules on a Canadian pale argent a maple leaf of the first. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. In Heraldry and heraldic Vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of most often a Coat of arms or Flag, which enables a person to In Heraldry, gules (pronounced with a hard 'g' is the tincture with the colour Red, and belongs to the class of dark tinctures called "colours" In Vexillology and Heraldry, a Canadian pale is a centre band of a vertical triband Flag (a pale in heraldry that covers half the In Heraldry, argent is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals" "^[6]

The maple leaf has served as a symbol celebrating the nature and environment of what is now Canada since the 1700s. ^[7] The number of points on the leaf has no significance on the flag; they do not, for instance, represent the ten provinces plus one point for the territories, such as the Australian Commonwealth Star denotes. The Commonwealth Star (sometimes known as The Federation Star, The Seven Point Star or Star of Federation) is a seven-pointed star symbolising the ^[8] Some of the first Canadian flags had 13 to 15 maple leaf points. Earlier official designs of the maple leaf on the Red Ensign and elsewhere had more than 30 points and a short stem when shown alone, similar to the popularized Canadian Heritage Leaf. ^[9] The points of the maple leaf were determined by taking various designs and putting them in a wind tunnel to see what was most visually appealing. ^[10] The design of the maple leaf used on the flag was designed by Jacques Saint-Cyr. ^[11] In 1921, King George V proclaimed the official colours of Canada as red, from Saint George's Cross, and white, from the French royal emblem since King Charles VII. The St George's Cross (or the Cross of St George is a centred red cross on a white background This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Charles VII (22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461 called the Victorious (le Victorieux or the Well-Served (le Bien-Servi was King of France from 1422 ^[12]

The Department of Canadian Heritage has listed the various colour shades for printing ink that should be used when reproducing the Canadian flag; these include:^[5]

• FIP red: General Printing Ink, No. The Department of Canadian Heritage, or simply Canadian Heritage, is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for policies and programs An ink is a Liquid containing various Pigments and/or Dyes used for coloring a surface to produce an Image, text, or 0-712;
• Inmont Canada Ltd. , No. 4T51577;
• Monarch Inks, No. 62539/0
• Rieger Inks, No. 25564
• Sinclair and Valentine, No. RL163929/0.

The colours 0/100/100/0 in the CMYK process, PMS032 (flag red 100%), or PMS485 (used for screens) in the Pantone colour specifier can be used when reproducing the flag. CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color Pantone Inc is a corporation headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey, USA In the Pantone Matching System, the colour used is 186c. ^[5] In 1984, the National Flag of Canada Manufacturing Standards Act was passed to unify the standards used for flying the flag both indoors and outdoors. ^[13]

History

See also: Great Flag Debate

The first flag known to have flown in Canada was the St George's Cross English flag carried by John Cabot when he reached the east coast of Canada in 1497. The Canadian Great Flag Debate took place in 1964 when a new design for the national flag was chosen The St George's Cross (or the Cross of St George is a centred red cross on a white background England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Giovanni Caboto ( c 1450 - c 1498 known in English as John Cabot, was an Italian Navigator and explorer commonly credited as the In 1534, Jacques Cartier planted a cross in Gaspé bearing the French royal coat of arms with the fleurs-de-lis. Jacques Cartier (December 31 1491&ndashSeptember 1 1557 was a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France The Gaspésie (official name or also Gaspé Peninsula or the Gaspé is a Peninsula constituting part of the south shore of the Saint Lawrence The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural fleurs-de-lis ˌfləː(rdəˈliː (ˌfləː(rdəˈlɪs in Quebec) translated from French as "lily His ship flew a red flag with a white cross, the national flag of France at the time. New France continued to fly the evolving French military flags of that period. The Viceroyalty of New France (Nouvelle-France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the The National flag of France (known in French as drapeau tricolore, drapeau français,and in military parlance les couleurs ^[2][14]

The Royal Union Flag has been in use in Canada since the 1621 British settlement in Nova Scotia. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Since the surrender of New France to the United Kingdom in the early 1760s, the Royal Union Flag, called the Union Flag (or, commonly, Union Jack) in the United Kingdom, was used as a de jure national flag, as in the United Kingdom, until the adoption of the current flag in 1965. The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located ^[2]

Shortly after Canadian Confederation in 1867, the need for distinctively Canadian flags emerged. Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed beginning 1 July 1867 from the The first Canadian flag was the Flag of the Governor General of Canada, a Royal Union Flag with a shield in the centre bearing the quartered arms of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick surrounded by a wreath of maple leaves. The Flag of the Governor General of Canada was adopted in 1981 ^[15] In 1870, the Red Ensign, with the addition of the Canadian composite shield in the fly, began to be used unofficially on land and sea, and was known as the Canadian Red Ensign. The Red Ensign or " Red Duster " is a Flag that originated in the early 17th century as an Ensign flown by the Royal Navy. The Canadian Red Ensign is the former flag of Canada, used officially by the federal government though it was never adopted as official by the Parliament of Canada As new provinces joined the Confederation, their arms were added to the shield. In 1892, the British admiralty approved the use of the Red Ensign for Canadian use at sea. The composite shield was replaced with the Coat of arms of Canada upon its grant in 1921 and, in 1924, an Order-in-Council approved its use for Canadian government buildings abroad. The Coat of Arms of Canada (also known as the Royal Arms of Canada or more properly the Arms of His/Her Majesty in Right of Canada) is since 1921 the official An Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in Commonwealth Realms. ^[2] in 1925, Prime Minister Mackenzie King established a committee to design a flag to be used at home, but was dissolved before the final report could be delivered. William Lyon Mackenzie King PC OM CMG ( December 17, 1874 – July 22, 1950) was a Canadian Despite the failure of the committee to solve the issue, public sentiment in the 1920s was in favour of fixing the flag problem for Canada. ^[16]

During the Second World War, there was an effort to create a national flag for Canadian troops to carry into battle^[17] and following the war, the desire for a Canadian flag, distinctive from the Royal Union Flag, increased and the Red Ensign was approved by an order-in-council on September 5, 1945, that, "Until such time as action is taken by Parliament for the formal adoption of a national flag … it shall be appropriate to fly the Canadian Red Ensign within and without Canada wherever place or occasion may make it desirable to fly a distinctive Canadian flag. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar " A joint committee of the Senate and House of Commons was appointed on November 8, 1945, to recommend a national flag. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar By May 9, 1946, 2,695 designs were submitted and the committee reported back with a recommendation "that the national flag of Canada should be the Canadian red ensign with a maple leaf in autumn golden colours in a bordered background of white". Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Legislative Assembly of Quebec, however, had urged the committee to not include any "foreign symbols", including the Royal Union Flag, and Prime Minister Mackenzie King declined to act on the report, leaving the order to fly the Canadian Red Ensign in place. The Legislative Assembly of Quebec (French Assemblée législative du Québec) was the name of the lower house of Quebec 's Legislature until 1968 William Lyon Mackenzie King PC OM CMG ( December 17, 1874 – July 22, 1950) was a Canadian ^[15][12][18]

By the 1960s, however, debate for an official Canadian flag intensified and became a subject of controversy, culminating in the Great Flag Debate of 1964. The Canadian Great Flag Debate took place in 1964 when a new design for the national flag was chosen ^[19]In 1963, the minority Liberal government of Lester B. Pearson gained power, and decided to adopt an official Canadian flag through parliamentary debate. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political The principal political proponent of the change was Prime Minister Lester Pearson. The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus He had been a significant broker during the Suez Crisis of 1956, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Suez Crisis, also referred to as the Tripartite Aggression, (أزمة السويس - العدوان الثلاثي Crise du canal de Suez מבצע קדש Kadesh The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor ^[20] During the crisis, Pearson was disturbed when the Egyptian government objected to Canadian peacekeeping forces, on the grounds that the Canadian flag (the Red Ensign) contained the flag (the Union Jack) of the United Kingdom, one of the belligerents. ^[20] Pearson's goal was for the Canadian flag to be distinctive and unmistakably Canadian. The main opponent to changing the flag was the leader of the opposition and former prime minister, John Diefenbaker, who eventually made the subject a personal crusade. ^[21]

Pearson was leader of a minority Government and risked losing power over the issue; however, he knew the Red Ensign with the Union Jack was unpopular in Quebec, a Liberal base of support. The Red Ensign was strongly favoured by rural English Canada, the heart of Tory support. In the political tradition of some English-speaking countries, the term Tory has referred to a variety of political parties and Creeds since it was On May 27, 1964, Pearson's minority Liberal government introduced a motion to Parliament for adoption of his favourite design of a "sea to sea" (Canada's motto) flag with blue borders and three conjoined red maple leaves on a white field. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. This motion led to weeks of acrimonious debate in Parliament, and the design came to be known as the "Pearson Pennant". ^[22] Diefenbaker demanded a referendum be held on the flag issue, but Pearson instead formed a 15-member multi-party parliamentary committee to select a new design. Through a period of study with political manoeuvring, the committee chose the current design, which was created by George F.G. Stanley and inspired by the flag of the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. Colonel Dr George Francis Gillman Stanley, CC, CD, FRSC, FRHSC (hon The Royal Military College of Canada (RMC is the Military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting University. Kingston Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St The design was approved unanimously by the committee on October 29, 1964, and later passed by a majority vote in the House of Commons on December 15, 1964. Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. The Senate added its approval two days later. The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general ^[12]

Queen Elizabeth II proclaimed the new flag on January 28, 1965. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ^[12] It was inaugurated on February 15, 1965, at an official ceremony held on Parliament Hill in Ottawa in the presence of Governor General Major-General Georges P. Vanier, the prime minister, the members of the Cabinet, and Canadian parliamentarians. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Parliament Hill (colloquially The Hill, French Colline du Parlement) is a scenic location on the southern banks of the Ottawa River in downtown The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Major-General Georges-Philéas Vanier DSO MC & Bar CD ( April 23, 1888 - March 5, 1967 The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus The Canadian Red Ensign, bearing the Union Jack and the shield of the royal arms of Canada, was lowered at the stroke of noon, and the new Maple Leaf flag was raised. The Coat of Arms of Canada (also known as the Royal Arms of Canada or more properly the Arms of His/Her Majesty in Right of Canada) is since 1921 the official The crowd sang the national anthem, "O Canada", followed by the royal anthem, "God Save the Queen". "O Canada" is the National anthem of Canada. The song was originally commissioned by the then Lieutenant Governor of Quebec the Honourable Théodore "God Save the Queen", or "God Save the King", is an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms It is the National ^[3] Maurice Bourget, Speaker of the Senate, said, "The flag is the symbol of the nation's unity, for it, beyond any doubt, represents all the citizens of Canada without distinction of race, language, belief, or opinion. Maurice Bourget PC ( October 20 1907 &ndash March 29 1979) was a Canadian politician who was Speaker of the Canadian "^[3] For the nation's centennial celebrations in 1967, the Canadian government used the Canadian coat of arms (whose shield was used on the red ensign) on a red flag. ^[23]

The Union Flag	The Union Flag 1606	Flag used (1868–1921)	Flag used (1921–1957)
1957 version of the Canadian Red Ensign that had evolved as the de facto national flag until 1965	First Flag Proposal to Parliament, the Pearson Pennant	Flag of the Royal Military College of Canada	Earlier (1964) version of the proposal that was adopted

Alternative flags

As a symbol of the nation's membership in the Commonwealth, the Royal Union Flag remains an official Canadian flag and is flown on certain occasions. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The Canadian Red Ensign is the former flag of Canada, used officially by the federal government though it was never adopted as official by the Parliament of Canada The Royal Military College of Canada (RMC is the Military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting University. The Canadian Duality Flag (also called the Renewed Canadian Flag or Canadian Unity Flag) is an unofficial flag that was originally circulated to demonstrate the ^[24] Regulations require federal installations to fly the Union Flag beside the Maple Leaf when physically possible, using a second flagpole, on the following days: Commonwealth Day (the second Monday in March), Victoria Day (which is also the Sovereign's official birthday in Canada), and the anniversary of the Statute of Westminster (December 11). Commonwealth Day is the annual celebration of the Commonwealth of Nations held on the second Monday in March and marked by a multi-faith service in Westminster Abbey The Statute of Westminster 1931 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (22 & 23 Geo Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office The Union Flag can also be flown at the National War Memorial or at other locations during ceremonies that honour Canadian involvement with forces of other Commonwealth nations during times of war. The Maple Leaf Flag always precedes the Union Flag, with the former occupying the place of honour. ^[24] The Union Flag is also part of the provincial flags of Ontario and Manitoba, forming the canton of these flags. The current Flag of Ontario was proclaimed the official flag of the Canadian province of Ontario by the Flag Act on May 21, 1965 The Flag of Manitoba is a variation of the Red Ensign which bears the shield of the provincial coat of arms. A modified version is used on the flag of British Columbia, and the flag of Newfoundland and Labrador is a stylized version of the Union Jack. The Flag of British Columbia, Canada is based upon the shield of the provincial arms of British Columbia. The flag of Newfoundland and Labrador was introduced in 1980 and was designed by Newfoundland artist Christopher Pratt. ^[24] Several of the provincial lieutenant-governors formerly used a modified Union Flag as their personal standard, but the Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia is the only one who retains this design. A Lieutenant Governor is a high officer of state whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction This is a list of Viceroys representing the British Crown, both Governors of the British colony and later Lieutenants-Governor of the Canadian ^[24] The Union Flag and Canadian Red Ensign are still sometimes flown in Canada by veterans' groups and others who continue to stress the importance of Canada's British heritage and the Commonwealth connection. ^[24]

The Red Ensign is occasionally still used as well, including official use at some ceremonies. It was flown at the commemorations of the Battle of Vimy Ridge in 2007. The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a military offensive by the Canadian Corps against elements of the German Sixth Army in World War I. ^[25][26] This decision elicited criticism from those who believe it should not be given equal status to the Canadian flag, and received praise from people who believe that it is important to retain the ties to Canada's past. ^[25][26]

The Canadian Duality Flag is an independently-developed, unofficial flag originally circulated by its promoters to demonstrate the unity of Canada at rallies for the "no" side during the lead-up to the 1995 Quebec referendum. The Canadian Duality Flag (also called the Renewed Canadian Flag or Canadian Unity Flag) is an unofficial flag that was originally circulated to demonstrate the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second Referendum to ask voters in the Canadian province of Quebec whether Quebec should ^[27] The design was chosen to represent the francophone population on the nation's Maple Leaf flag by adding blue stripes roughly in proportion to the number of Canadians who are primarily French-speaking to the red sections. The adjective francophone (alternately Francophone) means French -speaking typically as primary language whether referring to individuals groups or places The maple leaf is the characteristic Leaf of the Maple tree, and is an important national symbol of Canada. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The blue was chosen because it is the main colour that is used on the flag of Quebec. The flag of Quebec, called the Fleurdelisé, was adopted for the province by the government of Quebec, during the administration of Maurice Duplessis ^[28][29] In Quebec, the provincial flag (a blue cross with four fleurs-de-lis) is often considered a national flag along with the Maple Leaf flag, as is the Acadian flag in the Acadian regions of the Maritime provinces. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk The flag of Quebec, called the Fleurdelisé, was adopted for the province by the government of Quebec, during the administration of Maurice Duplessis The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural fleurs-de-lis ˌfləː(rdəˈliː (ˌfləː(rdəˈlɪs in Quebec) translated from French as "lily This article is about the Acadian people and culture The Acadians (Acadiens are the descendants of the seventeenth-century French The Maritime provinces, called the Maritimes in local English (or the Canadian Maritimes by non-Canadians is a region of Eastern Canada ^[30][31]

Protocol

Officially, there is no law that dictates the proper use of the Canadian flag. The National flag of France (known in French as drapeau tricolore, drapeau français,and in military parlance les couleurs The Canadian Red Ensign is the former flag of Canada, used officially by the federal government though it was never adopted as official by the Parliament of Canada The Canadian National Vimy Memorial is a Canadian National Historic Site and one of Canada 's most important overseas war memorials. However, Canadian Heritage released guidelines on how to correctly display the flag alone and with other flags. The Department of Canadian Heritage, or simply Canadian Heritage, is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for policies and programs The guidelines deal with the order of precedence the Canadian flag is placed, where the flag can be used, how it is used, and what people should do to honour the flag. The suggestions, titled Flag Etiquette in Canada, were published by Canadian Heritage in book and online formats and last updated in April 2003. ^[32]. The flag itself can be displayed on any day at buildings operated by the Government of Canada, airports, military bases, and diplomatic offices, as well as by citizens, during any time of the day. When flying the flag, it must be flown using its own pole and must not be inferior to other flags, save for, in descending order, the Queen's Personal Standard, the Governor General's Standard, any of the Personal Standards of members of the Canadian Royal Family, or flags of the Lieutenant Governors. The Queen's Personal Canadian Flag, sometimes called the Royal Standard of Canada, is the personal standard, or official Flag, of Elizabeth II The Flag of the Governor General of Canada was adopted in 1981 TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of In Canada, the Lieutenant-Governor (lɛfˈtɛnənt often without a Hyphen) ( French: lieutenant-gouverneur, or: lieutenant-gouverneure ^[33]

Half-staff

Main article: Half-mast in Canada

The Canadian flag is flown at half-mast in Canada to indicate a period of mourning. Half-staff or half-mast describes a Flag flying approximately halfway up a flagpole or ship's mast (though anywhere from one-third to two-thirds of the way up is acceptable Half-staff or half-mast describes a Flag flying approximately halfway up a flagpole or ship's mast (though anywhere from one-third to two-thirds of the way up is acceptable

Promoting the flag

Ever since the adoption of the Canadian flag in 1965, the Canadian government has sponsored programs to promote it. Examples include the Heritage Department's Parliamentary Flag Program and the flag program run by the Department of Public Works. Public Works and Government Services Canada, also referred to as Department of Public Works and Government Services, is the department of the government of Canada These programs increased the exposure of the flag and the concept that it was part of the national identity. To increase awareness of the new flag, the Parliamentary Flag Program was set up in December 1972 by the Cabinet. The purpose of this program was to allow members of the Canadian House of Commons to distribute flags and lapel pins in the shape of the Canadian flag to their constituents. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and The program has been in operation since 1973. ^[34] Flags that are flown from the Peace Tower and the East and West blocks of Parliament Hill are packaged by the Department of Public Works and can be obtained free of charge. The Peace Tower is part of the Canadian Parliament Buildings in Ottawa, Ontario. Parliament Hill (colloquially The Hill, French Colline du Parlement) is a scenic location on the southern banks of the Ottawa River in downtown However, the program has an 11-year waiting list for East and West block flags, and a 20-year waiting list for Peace Tower flags. ^[35]

Since 1996, February 15 has been commemorated as National Flag of Canada Day. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Flag Day in Canada is observed on February 15 each year commemorating the inauguration of the national flag of Canada by Governor General ^[3] In 1996, Minister of Canadian Heritage Sheila Copps, instituted the "One in a Million National Flag" Challenge. The Department of Canadian Heritage, or simply Canadian Heritage, is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for policies and programs Sheila Maureen Copps, PC (born November 27, 1952) is a Canadian Journalist and former Politician. ^[36] This program was intended to provide Canadians with a million new Maple Leaf flags in time for Flag Day, 1997. The program was controversial because it cost some $45 million, and provided no means to hoist or fly the flags. The official numbers from Canadian Heritage put the expenses at $15. 5 million, with approximately a seventh of the cost offset by donations. ^[37]

See also

• Coat of arms of Canada
• Flag Day in Canada
• List of Canadian flags
• List of Canadian provincial and territorial symbols

Notes

References

• Archbold, Rick (2002), I Stand For Canada, Macfarlane Walter & Ross, ISBN 1-55199-108-x 
• Matheson, Col. John R. (1986), Canada's Flag, Mika Publishing Company, ISBN 0-919303-01-3 
• Thompson, Hugh (2002), Canada, Dorling Kindersley, ISBN 0789495619 
• Thorner, Thomas (2003), A Country Nourished on Self-Doubt: Documents in Post-Confederation Canadian History, Broadview Press, ISBN 1551115484 

External links

• National Flag of Canada (Department of Canadian Heritage)
• George F.G. Stanley's Flag Memorandum, 23 March 1964
• Flag Etiquette in Canada
• Canada at Flags of the World
• CBC Digital Archives - The Great Canadian Flag Debate

Dorling Kindersley is a leading publisher of illustrated reference books Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. For a list of flags see List of flags or Gallery of flags by design.

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