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Fitzroy
Melbourne, Victoria

High Victorian architecture in Brunswick Street
Population: 8814 (2006) [1]
Established: 1850s
Postcode: 3065
Area: 1. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman Postcodes are used in Australia for the purposes of sorting and directing Mail. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 4 km² (0. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 5 sq mi)
Property Value: AUD $620,000 [2]
Location: 3 km (2 mi) from Melbourne CBD
LGA: City of Yarra
State District: Richmond
Federal Division: Melbourne
Suburbs around Fitzroy:
Carlton North Fitzroy North Clifton Hill
Carlton Fitzroy Collingwood
Melbourne East Melbourne Richmond

Fitzroy (sometimes referred to as South Fitzroy) is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States The Melbourne city centre (referred to as The City or The CBD (Central Business District or more recently in planning parlance The CAD, or Central There are 79 Local Government Areas in the Australian state of Victoria. The City of Yarra is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia, located in the inner eastern and northern Suburbs of Melbourne. State Electoral District is a term used to refer to an electorate within the Lower House or Legislative Richmond is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. The Division of Melbourne is an Australian Electoral Division of Victoria This is a list of Municipalities and their Suburbs and townships in the greater Metropolitan area of Melbourne, in the State of Victoria Carlton North is an inner-city suburb of Melbourne, Australia, situated due north of the city centre. Fitzroy North is a Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is mostly in the Local Government Area of the City of Yarra Clifton Hill is a Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is in the Local Government Area of the City of Yarra Carlton is an Inner city suburb to the immediate north of the central city area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Collingwood is an Inner city Suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The Melbourne city centre (referred to as The City or The CBD (Central Business District or more recently in planning parlance The CAD, or Central East Melbourne is an Inner city Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Richmond is an Inner city Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The inner city is the central area of a major city or metropolis South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. It is in the Local Government Area of the City of Yarra. There are 79 Local Government Areas in the Australian state of Victoria. The City of Yarra is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia, located in the inner eastern and northern Suburbs of Melbourne. Its postcode is 3065. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a Fitzroy has two of the 82 designated Major Activity Centres in the Melbourne 2030 Metropolitan Strategy - the commercial strips of Brunswick Street and Smith Street. Activity centre is a term used in Urban planning and design for a Mixed-use urban area where there is a concentration of commercial and other land uses The Metropolitan Strategy Melbourne 2030 is a Victorian Government Strategic planning policy framework for the metropolitan area of Greater Melbourne, intended Brunswick Street also refers to the Brunswick Street railway station and nearby road in Brisbane.

Fitzroy is one of the oldest suburbs in Melbourne and is bordered by Victoria St/Parade, Nicholson St, Smith St, and Alexandra Parade. Nicholson Street is a street in inner Melbourne. It is named after William Nicholson, then member of the Legislative Council, and later Premier of Smith Street is a street in inner northern Melbourne. Geography Smith Street runs north-south from Victoria Parade The heart of Fitzroy can be found in Brunswick Street, which is one of Melbourne's major retail, eating, and entertainment strips. Brunswick Street also refers to the Brunswick Street railway station and nearby road in Brisbane. Fitzroy is inhabited by a wide variety of ethnicities and socioeconomic groups, but it is best known as an eclectic gathering of the creative community.

Fitzroy is characterised by a fairly tightly-spaced rectangular grid of medium-sized and narrow streets with numerous back lanes. There are many one-way streets. Fitzroy is Melbourne's smallest suburb in terms of area, being approximately 100 Ha.

Fitzroy takes its name from Sir Charles Augustus FitzRoy, the Governor of New South Wales from 1846-1855. Sir Charles Augustus FitzRoy, KCH, KCB ( 10 June 1796 – 16 February, 1858) was a British military officer politician For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year

Contents

History

Fitzroy was Melbourne's first suburb, created when the area between Melbourne and Alexandra Parade (originally named Newtown) was subdivided into vacant lots and offered for sale. Newtown was later renamed Collingwood, and the area now called Fitzroy (west of Smith Street) was made a ward of the Melbourne City Council. Collingwood is an Inner city Suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The City of Melbourne is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia, located in the central city area of Melbourne. On 10 September 1858, Fitzroy became a municipality in its own right, separate from the City of Melbourne. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Surrounded as it was by a large number of factories and industrial sites in the adjoining suburbs, Fitzroy was ideally suited to working men's housing, and from the 1860s to the 1880s, Fitzroy's working class population rose dramatically. The area's former mansions became boarding houses and slums, and the heightened poverty of the area prompted the establishment of several charitable, religious and philanthropic organisations in the area over the next few decades. A notable local entrepreneur was Macpherson Robertson, whose confectionery factories engulfed several blocks and stand as heritage landmarks today. Sir Macpherson Robertson ( 6 September 1859 in Ballarat Victoria - 20 August 1945 in Kew) was an Australian philanthropist

Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, 1935.
Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, 1935. Victoria Street is one of the major thoroughfares of inner Melbourne. See also 1934 in Australia, other events of 1935, 1936 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history.

The establishment of the Victorian Housing Commission in 1938 saw swathes of new residences being constructed in Melbourne's outer suburbs. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. With many of Fitzroy's residents moving to the new accommodation, their places were taken by post-war immigrants mostly from Italy and Greece, and the influx of Italian and Irish immigrants saw a marked shift towards Catholicism from Fitzroy's traditional Methodist and Presbyterian roots. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity The Housing Commission would build two public housing estates in Fitzroy in the 1960s: one in Hanover Street and one at the southern end of Brunswick Street. Public housing is a form of Housing tenure in which the property is owned by a Government authority which may be central or local

Like other inner-city suburbs of Melbourne, Fitzroy underwent a process of gentrification during the 1980s and 1990s. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class The area's manufacturing and warehouse sites were converted into apartments, and the corresponding rising rent prices in Fitzroy saw many of the area's residents move to Northcote and Brunswick. Northcote is a northern Suburb in Melbourne, Australia, in the Local Government Area of the City of Darebin. Brunswick is an inner-northern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The remaining population, colloquially known as Fitzroyalty, exhibit a striking combination of social and commercial capital unmatched in other inner Melbourne suburbs.

In June 1994, the City of Yarra was created by combining the cities of Fitzroy, Collingwood and Richmond. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The City of Yarra is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia, located in the inner eastern and northern Suburbs of Melbourne. Richmond is an Inner city Suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Local Landmarks

Non-Residential Architecture

The Moran and Cato warehouse designed by R.A. Lawson is considered to be of high architectural merit. Robert Arthur Lawson ( 1 January 1833 &ndash 3 December 1902) was one of New Zealand 's most eminent 19th century architects The Old Tramways sheds are on the Victorian Heritage Register. The Victorian Heritage Register lists places of cultural heritage significance to the State of Victoria The Champion Hotel is notable for its fanciful Edwardian design.

Fitzroy Town Hall clock tower

Old Tramways Sheds. Fitzroy Town Hall is a civic building located in Napier Street in Fitzroy, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. cnr Nicholson Street

Champion Hotel. cnr Brunswick Street

Four storey terrace with mansard roof on Johnston street

Perseverence Hotel. Brunswick Street

Residential Architecture

Fitroy's architecture is very diverse and features some of the finest Victorian era architecture in Melbourne. Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities The entire suburb is a heritage precinct with many individual buildings covered by heritage controls[3]. Among the earliest homes, Royal Terrace (1853-1858) on Nicholson Street overlooking the Carlton Gardens was one of the first terrace houses in Melbourne. Carlton Gardens is also the name of a small street in London, England which has had some prominent residents In Architecture and City planning, a terrace(d or row house or townhouse (though the latter term can also refer to Patio houses

Royal Terrace, Nicholson Street

Late Victorian terrace houses

Long rows of "boom style" terraces in Nicholson Street

The character of Fitroy's architecture is a legacy of its early history when a mixture of landuses was allowed to develop in close proximity to each other, producing a great diversity of types and scales of building[4]. While many of Fitzroy's streets have examples of fine Victorian houses, there are also many examples of workers cottages, terraces, corner shops and pubs, warehouses and factories rubbing shoulders in the space of few metres. Additionally, there are examples of infill development from the 1970s such as 'six-pack' style flats and units, along with the large-scale results of 'slum clearance' programs of the Housing Commission in the 1960s that bestowed some of Melbourne's most well-known and visible high-rise public housing in the form of the Atherton Gardens estate on the corner of Brunswick and Gertrude Sts. Public housing is a form of Housing tenure in which the property is owned by a Government authority which may be central or local that houses about 3,000 people, or a third of Fitzroy's population.

Due to its desirability as a place to live, Fitzroy faces increasing pressure for residential development. Recent residential projects in Fitzroy have sought to express a sense of Fitzroy's urban character in various ways and have been hotly contested in some cases[5][6][7]. Neighbourhood character refers to the 'look and feel of an area' in particular a residential area The Fitzroy Residents' Association has become a significant voice for residents concerned to protect the character of the suburb[8].

Culture and sport

Art

Fitzroy is considered one of the centres of contemporary art in Melbourne. Contemporary art can be defined variously as art produced at this present point in time or art produced since World War II. There are many small commercial art galleries, artist-run spaces and artist studios located within the suburb. An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually Visual art. An artist-run space is a gallery space run by artists thus circumventing the structures of public and private galleries The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating A studio is a Artist 's or worker's workroom or an artist and his or her Employees who work within that studio Fitzroy has a thriving street art community and is also the home of Gertrude Contemporary Art Spaces and the Centre for Contemporary Photography. Street art is any Art developed in Public spaces — that is "in the Streets quot — though the term usually refers to art of an illicit nature as Gertrude Contemporary Art Spaces is a Contemporary art complex located in the suburb of Fitzroy, Melbourne Australia. The Centre for Contemporary Photography ( CCP) in Fitzroy Victoria, Melbourne is one of Australia 's premier venues

Live performance

Fitzroy is a hub for live music in Melbourne, and plays host to several prominent venues: the Rob Roy Hotel, Bar Open, the Evelyn Hotel, Gertrudes Brown Couch, Cape Live and the Empress Hotel (in Fitzroy North). The Empress Hotel (formerly the Empress of India Hotel) is a pub and live music venue located at 714 Nicholson Street, in the inner Melbourne The well-known Punters Club was also located in the area; however, it was forced to close in 2002. The Punters Club was a pub and live music venue located on Brunswick Street, Fitzroy, in inner Melbourne, Victoria, Australia See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.

The offices of the Melbourne International Comedy Festival are in Johnston Street. The Melbourne International Comedy Festival (MICF is held each April in a number of venues across Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Pubs

The Devonshire Arms; the oldest extant building in Fitzroy
The Devonshire Arms; the oldest extant building in Fitzroy

Fitzroy has a large number of pubs for such a small suburb. The former Devonshire Arms hotel was located in Fitzroy Street and remains the oldest building in Fitzroy. The Devonshire Arms Hotel was a Public house located in Fitzroy, in the state of Victoria, Australia. There are many other pubs in Fitzroy.

Cafes

Known locally as "The Land of Breakfast", the tiny suburb of Fitzroy has many cafes with good kitchens. One of the earliest still surviving of the 'grunge style' cafes is The Black Cat On Brunswick Street, which opened in the 1980s. With the advance of gentification, a variety of cafes in different styles have opened up and down Brunswick St, on Smith St, parts of Gertrude St and in some of the back streets in former Milk bars.

Sport

The Fitzroy Football Club (the Fitzroy Lions) was formed in 1883 as part of the VFL/AFL. Fitzroy Football Club, most recently nicknamed The Lions, is an Australian rules football club formed in 1883 to represent the inner Melbourne Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Australian Football League (AFL is both the professional Australian national competition in the Sport of Australian Rules Football and its highest The club had some early success before relocating its home games several times and finally running into financial difficulties in the 1980s, forcing it to merge with the Brisbane Bears to form the Brisbane Lions. Brisbane Bears were an Australian rules football Club and was the first Queensland-based club in the Victorian Football League Brisbane Lions Australian Football Club (the trading name for the Brisbane Bears-Fitzroy Football Club) is an Australian Football League club based in Brisbane The club sponsors the Fitzroy Reds who play in the Victorian Amateur Football Association and play out of the Brunswick Street Oval. The Victorian Amateur Football Association is an Australian rules football league in Victoria Australia consisting purely of amateur players Edinburgh Gardens is a large park located in North Fitzroy. It is bounded by Brunswick Street and St

Health

The health needs of Fitzroy residents and other Melburnians is served by St Vincent's Hospital. St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne is the major hospital operated by the St Vincent's Health service in Fitzroy a suburb of Melbourne previously known as the Sisters of It is a well staffed and equipped hospital. It also houses one of the clinical schools of University of Melbourne's medical course. The University of Melbourne is a Public university located in Melbourne, Victoria.

Social and Community Services

Fitzroy has a long tradition of community activism and civil society with many social and community service organisations having been been based there. Organisations currently operating in the suburb include: the Fitzroy Legal Service, Yarra Community Housing Limited, Transitional Housing St. Vincent de Paul, Brotherhood of St. Lawrence

Organisations which were formed in Fitzroy and have since moved their base include: Hanover Housing Services

Transport

There are no railway stations or train lines in Fitzroy. The nearest train stations are Rushall in North Fitzroy, Collingwood and Parliament. Rushall is a Railway station in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Collingwood is a Railway station in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, located in the suburb of Abbotsford (despite its name on Parliament is an underground railway station in the suburban train network of Melbourne, Australia.

Three tram lines pass through Fitzroy or its boundaries:

Heritage places

Being Melbourne's oldest suburb, Fitzroy has many old buildings and a large number that have been classified as having heritage significance. Cultural heritage ("national heritage" or just "heritage" is the legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or Society There are many individual buildings with a heritage listing and almost the entire suburb is subject to heritage protection in the City of Yarra planning scheme. The City of Yarra is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia, located in the inner eastern and northern Suburbs of Melbourne.

Heritage listed places

The following places in Fitzroy are listed on the Victorian Heritage Register:

See also

References

  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Fitzroy (State Suburb). 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved on 2007-09-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a
  2. ^ Fitzroy, accessed 15 October 2007
  3. ^ [1] "And click on the following black codes in the maps - 1HO, 2HO, 5HO and 6HO. These are planning scheme maps of the Heritage Overlays"
  4. ^ "Fitzroy : Melbourne's first suburb / Cutten History Committee of the Fitzroy History Society. A Heritage Overlay or HO is one of a number of Planning scheme overlays contained in the Victorian Planning Provisions, for use in Planning schemes Published South Yarra, Vic.  : Hyland House, 198 ISBN 0947062521"
  5. ^ [2] "There goes the neighbourhood?"
  6. ^ [3] "Fitzroy gets set for new development battle"
  7. ^ [4] " 'Urban Joke' campaign against 'Urban Jazz' "
  8. ^ "Fitzroy Residents Association website"[5]

External links

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