Abies - firs
Korean Fir (Abies koreana) cone and foliage
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Pinaceae Genus: Abies Mill.
Species
See text

Abies grandis foliage

Intact and disintegrated Bulgarian Fir cones

Abies alba foliage from Dinaric calcareous fir forests on Mt. Korean Fir ( Abies koreana; 구상나무 Gusang namu in Korean) is a Fir native to the higher Mountains of South Korea Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The Order Pinales in the Division Pinophyta, Class Pinopsida comprises all the extant Conifers This order was formerly known as the The family Pinaceae ( pine family) is in the order Pinales and includes many of the well-known Conifers of commercial importance such as Cedars Philip Miller ( 1691 - 18 December 1771) was a botanist of Scottish descent Orjen

Firs (Abies) are a genus of between 45-55 species of evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. In Botany, an Evergreen plant is a plant having leaves all year round The family Pinaceae ( pine family) is in the order Pinales and includes many of the well-known Conifers of commercial importance such as Cedars All are trees, reaching heights of 10-80 m (30-260 ft) tall and trunk diameters of 0. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or 5-4 m (2-12 ft) when mature. Firs can be distinguished from other members of the pine family by their needle-like leaves, attached to the twig by a base that resembles a small suction cup; and by erect, cylindrical cones 5-25 cm (2-10 in) long that disintegrate at maturity to release the winged seeds. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. A cone (in formal botanical usage Strobilus, plural strobili is an organ on Plants in the division Pinophyta ( Conifers A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored Identification of the species is based on the size and arrangement of the leaves, the size and shape of the cones, and whether the bract scales of the cones are long and exserted, or short and hidden inside the cone. They are most closely related to the cedars (Cedrus). Cedar ( Cedrus) is a genus of Coniferous Trees in the Plant family Pinaceae. Firs are found through much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa, occurring in mountains over most of the range. A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak

Firs are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Chionodes abella (recorded on White Fir), Autumnal Moth, Conifer Swift (a pest of Balsam Fir), The Engrailed, Grey Pug, Mottled Umber and Pine Beauty. A larva ( Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of Animal with indirect development, undergoing Metamorphosis (for example Lepidoptera is an order of Insect that includes Moths and butterflies. Chionodes is a genus of Moths of the family Gelechiidae. This large group has representatives in most parts of the world White Fir ( Abies concolor) is a Fir native to the Mountains of western North America, occurring at altitudes of 900-3400 m The Autumnal Moth (Epirrita autumnata is a Moth of the family Geometridae. Korscheltellus is a genus of Moths of the family Hepialidae. It consists of two widespread species the familiar Common Swift ( K The Balsam Fir ( Abies balsamea) is a North American Fir, native to most of eastern and central Canada ( Newfoundland west to central The Engrailed ( Ectropis crepuscularia) is a Moth of the family Geometridae. The Grey Pug (Eupithecia subfuscata is a Moth of the family Geometridae. The Mottled Umber ( Erannis defoliaria) is a Moth of the family Geometridae. The Pine Beauty ( Panolis flammea) is a Moth of the family Noctuidae.

Douglas-firs are not true firs, being of the genus Pseudotsuga. Douglas-fir is the common name applied to coniferous Trees of the Genus Pseudotsuga in the family Pinaceae. Douglas-fir is the common name applied to coniferous Trees of the Genus Pseudotsuga in the family Pinaceae.

Classification

• Section Balsamea (Taiga|boreal Asia and North America, and high mountains further south)
  • Abies fraseri - Fraser Fir
  • Abies balsamea - Balsam Fir
    • Abies balsamea var. Abies fraseri ( Fraser Fir) is a species of Fir native to the mountains of the eastern United States. The Balsam Fir ( Abies balsamea) is a North American Fir, native to most of eastern and central Canada ( Newfoundland west to central phanerolepis - Bracted Balsam Fir
  • Abies bifolia - Rocky Mountains Subalpine Fir
  • Abies lasiocarpa - Coast Range Subalpine Fir
    • Abies lasiocarpa var. The Subalpine Fir or Rocky Mountain Fir ( Abies lasiocarpa) is a western North American Fir, native to the Mountains of Yukon The Subalpine Fir or Rocky Mountain Fir ( Abies lasiocarpa) is a western North American Fir, native to the Mountains of Yukon arizonica - Corkbark Fir
  • Abies sibirica - Siberian Fir
  • Abies sachalinensis - Sakhalin Fir
  • Abies koreana - Korean Fir
  • Abies nephrolepis - Khinghan Fir
  • Abies veitchii - Veitch's Fir
    • Abies veitchii var. Siberian Fir ( Abies sibirica) is a Coniferous Evergreen Tree native to the Taiga east of the Volga River and south Korean Fir ( Abies koreana; 구상나무 Gusang namu in Korean) is a Fir native to the higher Mountains of South Korea Veitch's Fir ( Abies veitchii; シラビソ or シラベ shirabiso or shirabe also known as Veitch's Silver Fir, is a Fir native to Japan sikokiana - Shikoku Fir

• Section Grandis (western North America to Mexico and Guatemala, lowlands in north, moderate altitudes in south)
  • Abies grandis - Grand Fir or Giant Fir
    • Abies grandis var. Grand Fir or Giant Fir ( Abies grandis) is a Fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, occurring at altitudes of sea idahoensis - Interior Grand Fir or Giant Fir
  • Abies concolor - White Fir
    • Abies concolor subsp. White Fir ( Abies concolor) is a Fir native to the Mountains of western North America, occurring at altitudes of 900-3400 m lowiana - Low's White Fir
  • Abies durangensis - Durango Fir
    • Abies durangensis var. coahuilensis - Coahuila Fir
  • Abies flinckii - Jalisco Fir
  • Abies guatemalensis - Guatemalan Fir

• Section Abies (central, south & east Europe, Asia Minor)
  • Abies nebrodensis - Sicilian Fir
  • Abies alba - Silver Fir
  • Abies borisii-regis - Bulgarian Fir
  • Abies cephalonica - Greek Fir
  • Abies nordmanniana - Nordmann Fir or Caucasian Fir
    • Abies nordmanniana subsp. Abies guatemalensis or the Guatemalan Fir is an evergreen tree native to Central America and is the southernmost member of the genus Abies Sicilian Fir ( Abies nebrodensis) is a Fir native to the Monti Nebrodi Mountains in northern Sicily. For the tree known as Silver Fir in western North America see Abies concolor. Abies borisii-regis ( Bulgarian Fir) is a species of Fir native to the Mountains of the Balkan Peninsula, in Bulgaria Greek Fir ( Abies cephalonica) is a Fir native to the Mountains of Greece, primarily in the Peloponnesos and the island Nordmann Fir ( Abies nordmanniana) is a Fir native to the Mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia equi-trojani - Kazdağı Fir, Turkish Fir
    • Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana - Uludağ Fir
  • Abies cilicica - Cilician Fir, Taurus Fir

• Section Piceaster (southern Spain, northwest Africa)
  • Abies pinsapo - Spanish Fir
    • Abies pinsapo var. UserPolbot. --> Abies cilicica is a species of Conifer in the Pinaceae family Abies pinsapo ( Spanish Fir) is a species of Fir native to southern Spain and Morocco. marocana - Moroccan Fir
  • Abies numidica - Algerian Fir

• Section Momi (east & central Asia, Himalaya, generally at low to moderate altitudes)
  • Abies kawakamii - Taiwan Fir
  • Abies homolepis - Nikko Fir
  • Abies recurvata - Min Fir
    • Abies recurvata var. Abies numidica ( Algerian Fir) is a species of Fir, found only in Algeria, where it is endemic on Jebel Babor, the UserPolbot. --> Abies kawakamii is a species of Conifer in the Pinaceae family Nikko Fir ( Abies homolepis, in Japanese ウラジロモミ urajiro-momi is a Fir native to the Mountains of central and southern Honshū ernestii - Min Fir
  • Abies firma - Momi Fir
  • Abies beshanzuensis - Baishanzu Fir
  • Abies holophylla - Manchurian Fir
  • Abies chensiensis - Shensi Fir
    • Abies chensiensis subsp. Momi Fir ( Abies firma) is a species of Fir native to central and southern Japan, growing at low to moderate altitudes of 50-1600 m Manchurian Fir ( Abies holophylla, zh: 杉松 also called Needle Fir, is a species of Fir native to mountainous regions of northern salouenensis - Salween Fir
  • Abies pindrow - Pindrow Fir
  • Abies ziyuanensis - Ziyuan Fir

• Section Amabilis (Pacific coast mountains, North America and Japan, in high rainfall mountains)
  • Abies amabilis - Pacific Silver Fir
  • Abies mariesii - Maries' Fir

• Section Pseudopicea (Sino-Himalayan mountains, at high altitude)
  • Abies delavayi - Delavay's Fir
  • Abies fabri - Faber's Fir
  • Abies forrestii - Forrest's Fir
  • Abies chengii - Cheng's Fir
  • Abies densa - Bhutan Fir
  • Abies spectabilis - East Himalayan Fir
  • Abies fargesii - Farges' Fir
  • Abies fanjingshanensis - Fanjingshan Fir
  • Abies yuanbaoshanensis - Yuanbaoshan Fir
  • Abies squamata - Flaky Fir

• Section Oiamel (Mexico, high altitudes in mountains)
  • Abies religiosa - Sacred Fir
  • Abies vejarii - Vejar's Fir
    • Abies vejarii var. The Pindrow Fir or West Himalayan Fir ( Abies pindrow) is a Fir native to the western Himalaya and adjacent mountains from northeast Pacific Silver Fir ( Abies amabilis) is a Fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, occurring in the Pacific Coast Ranges Maries' Fir ( Abies mariesii, in Japanese オオシラビソ or アオモリトドマツ Oh-shirabiso or Aomori-todomatsu is a Fir native to the Mountains Delavay's Fir ( Abies delavayi) is a species of Fir, native to Yunnan in southwest China and adjoining border areas in southeastern UserPolbot. --> Faber's Fir ( Abies fabri) is a Conifer Species in the family UserPolbot. --> Abies densa is a species of Conifer in the Pinaceae family The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Sacred Fir ( Abies religiosa, in Nahuatl, oyamel) is a Fir native to the Mountains of central and southern Mexico ( Abies vejarii is a species of Fir native northeastern Mexico, in the states of Coahuila and Nuevo León, where it grows at high mexicana - Mexican Fir
  • Abies hickelii - Hickel's Fir
    • Abies hickelii var. oaxacana - Oaxaca Fir

• Section Nobilis (western USA, high altitudes)
  • Abies procera - Noble Fir
  • Abies magnifica - Red Fir
    • Abies magnifica var. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Noble Fir ( Abies procera) is a western North American Fir, native to the Cascade Range and Coast Range Mountains The Red Fir ( Abies magnifica) is a western North American Fir, native to the Mountains of southwest Oregon and California shastensis - Shasta Red Fir

• Section Bracteata (California coast)
  • Abies bracteata - Bristlecone Fir

Uses

The wood of most firs is considered unsuitable for general timber use, and is often used as pulp or for the manufacture of plywood and rough timber. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Bristlecone Fir or Santa Lucia Fir ( Abies bracteata) is a rare Fir, confined to slopes and the bottoms of rocky canyons in the Santa Lucia Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or Plywood is a type of Engineered board made from thin sheets of Wood, called plies or veneers Nordmann Fir, Noble Fir, Fraser Fir and Balsam Fir are very popular Christmas trees, generally considered to be the best trees for this purpose, with aromatic foliage that does not shed many needles on drying out. Nordmann Fir ( Abies nordmanniana) is a Fir native to the Mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia The Noble Fir ( Abies procera) is a western North American Fir, native to the Cascade Range and Coast Range Mountains Abies fraseri ( Fraser Fir) is a species of Fir native to the mountains of the eastern United States. The Balsam Fir ( Abies balsamea) is a North American Fir, native to most of eastern and central Canada ( Newfoundland west to central A Christmas tree, Yule tree, holiday tree or Tannenbaum (fir tree is one of the most popular Traditions associated with the celebration Many are also very decorative garden trees, notably Korean Fir and Fraser Fir, which produce brightly coloured cones even when very young, still only 1-2 m (3-6 ft) tall. Korean Fir ( Abies koreana; 구상나무 Gusang namu in Korean) is a Fir native to the higher Mountains of South Korea

External links

• Gymnosperm Database - Abies
• Arboretum de Villardebelle cone photos: Images of cones of selected species