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Fiodor of Kiev (14th century) was Duke of Kiev and brother of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the Gediminas (ca 1275 – winter 1341 was the Monarch of medieval Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the title lt didysis kunigaikštis (вялікі князь The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė old literary Lithuanian Didi Kunigiste Letuvos, Ruthenian: Wialikaje Kniastwa Litowskaje Only a couple of short notes survive regarding Fiodor's life.

In early 1320's[1] Gediminas won the Battle on the Irpen' River against Stanislav of Kiev and captured the city. The Battle on the Irpen' River (as referred to in historic Chronicles occurred in 1321 between the armies of Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania Prince ( Knyaz) Stanislav of Kiev was the last Kiev ruler of the Rurik Dynasty. [2] The Tatars, who also claimed Kiev, retaliated in 1324–1325. Lithuanian Chronicles mention that Gediminas installed his deputy Algimantas, son of Mindaugas from Olshanski family. The Lithuanian Chronicles (Lietuvos metraščiai are three Redactions of chronicles compiled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Olshanski (Alšėniškiai or Alšėnų kunigaikščiai Holszański was a Lithuanian princely family from Galšėnai (Alšėnai Halshany, Гальшаны There were some attempts to claim that Algimantas was Fiodor's pagan name, but they are discharged by evidence that Algimantas was baptized as Mikhail. [3]

In 1331 Vasily Kalika, a newly consecrated Archbishop of Novgorod, was traveling from Volodymyr-Volynskyi to Veliky Novgorod. Vasilii Kalika (Василий Калика was Archbishop of Novgorod the Great and Pskov from 1330 to 1352 The Archbishop of Novgorod is the head of the eparchy of Novgorod the Great and is one of the oldest offices in the Russian Orthodox Church. Volodymyr-Volynskyi or Vladimir-Volynsky (Володимир-Волинський translit Veliky Novgorod (Вели́кий Но́вгород is the foremost historic city of North-Western Russia and the administrative center of Novgorod [4] On his way he was stopped by Fiodor, Duke of Kiev, a Tatar tax collector (basqaq), and fifty men. The Mongol Empire ( Mongolyn Ezent Güren or mn Их Mонгол улс Ikh Mongol Uls; 1206–1368 was the largest contiguous Empire [5] The presence of a Tatar official led historians to believe that while Kiev was ruled by a Lithuanian, it had to pay a tribute to the Mongol Empire. The Mongol Empire ( Mongolyn Ezent Güren or mn Их Mонгол улс Ikh Mongol Uls; 1206–1368 was the largest contiguous Empire [6] Lithuanians gained full control of the city after the victorious Battle of Blue Waters in 1362. The Battle of Blue Waters (Mūšis prie Mėlynųjų Vandenų Битва на Синіх Водах was a medieval battle fought at some time between 24 September and 25 [7] According to Gustynskaia Chronicle, after the battle Fiodor was replaced as Duke of Kiev by Vladimir, son of Algirdas. Algirdas, (ɑlgərdɑːs known as Olgierd Альгерд Ольгерд b [5]

For a long time scholars assumed that Fiodor was of Rurikid origin because of his Christian name. The Rurik Dynasty was the ruling Dynasty of Kievan Rus', the successor Russian principalities and early united Russia, from 862 to 1598 However, in 1916 Russian historian Mikhail Dmitrievich Priselkov published a list of property belonging to Theognostus, a deceased Metropolitan of Moscow. Theognostus ( Феогност in Russian) (? - March 11, 1353) metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus Metropolitans Maximus ( 1283 - 1305) St Peter ( 1308 - 1326) vacant [8] The list, compiled in 1331, listed two silver cups gifted to Theognostus by Fiodor, brother of Gediminas. [5] Modern historians agree that Fiodor from the list and Fiodor from Kiev was one and the same person. No other evidence survives regarding Fiodor's family.

See also

References

  1. ^ Historians disagree on exact dating: Maciej Stryjkowski provided 1320/21, Aleksandr Ivanovich Rogov argues for 1322, C. The House of Gediminas refers to the siblings children and grandchildren of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (ca S. Rowell for 1323, Feliks Shabul'do for 1324, Romas Batūra for 1325.
  2. ^ Rowell, C. S. (1994). Lithuania Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345, Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series. Cambridge University Press, 97. ISBN 9780521450119.  
  3. ^ Rowell, C. S. Lithuania Ascending, 104.
  4. ^ Rowell, C. S. Lithuania Ascending, 176–177.
  5. ^ a b c Rowell, C. S. Lithuania Ascending, 100.
  6. ^ "Theodore". Encyclopedia Lituanica V. Encyclopedia Lituanica (likely named after Encyclopædia Britannica or Encyclopedia Americana) is a six-volume (about 3600-page English language Encyclopedia (1970-1978). Ed. Simas Sužiedėlis. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. 446–447. LCC 74-114275. The Library of Congress Classification ( LCC) is a system of Library classification developed by the Library of Congress.  
  7. ^ (Lithuanian) Gudavičius, Edvardas (2004). "Teodoras". Lietuvos valdovai (XIII-XVIII a. ): enciklopedinis žinynas. Ed. Vytautas Spečiūnas. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. 31. ISBN 5-420-01535-8.  
  8. ^ (Lithuanian) "Teodoras". Lietuvių enciklopedija 31. (1953–1966). Boston, Massachusetts: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. 49. LCC 55020366. The Library of Congress Classification ( LCC) is a system of Library classification developed by the Library of Congress.  
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