A filter cake is formed by the substances that are retained in or on a filter (depending on whether a depth or a surface filter is used). In Chemistry and common usage a filter is a device (usually a membrane or layer that is designed The filter cake grows in the course of filtration, becomes "thicker" as particulate matter is being retained. Filtration is a mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases by interposing a medium to fluid flow through which the fluid With increasing layer thickness the flow resistance of the filter cake increases. After a certain time of use the filter cake has to be removed from the filter, e. g. by backflushing. If this is not accomplished, the filtration is disrupted because the flow resistance of the filter cake gets too high, thus too little of the mixture to be filtered can pass the filter cake and the filter plugs.
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