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Cinema admissions in 1995
Cinema admissions in 1995

The film industry consists of the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking: i. e. film production companies, film studios, cinematography, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post production, film festivals, distribution; and actors, film directors and other film personnel. Production company refers to a company responsible for the development and physical production of Performing arts, Film, Radio or a Television program A movie studio (aka film studio) is in the established sense of the term a company that distributes films. See also Filmmaking Cinematography (from Greek: kinesis κινησις (movement and grapho γραφω (to record is the discipline Filmmaking is the process of making a Film, from an initial story idea or commission through scriptwriting shooting editing and finally distribution to an audience See also Pre-production Screenplay Screenwriting is the art and craft of writing scripts for Film, Television or Video games See also Filmmaking Pre-production is the process of preparing all the elements involved in a Film, play, or other Performance. See also Filmmaking Post-production occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, Videos audio recordings A film festival is the presentation or showcasing of Films in one or more Movie theaters or screening venues Distribution (or place) is one of the four elements of Marketing mix. An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. For the comedic team see The Film Crew. A film crew is a group of people hired by a production company for the purpose of producing a

Though the expense involved in making movies almost immediately led film production to concentrate under the auspices of standing production companies, advances in affordable film making equipment, and expansion of opportunities to acquire investment capital from outside the film industry itself, have allowed independent film production to evolve. An independent film, or indie film, is a film that is produced outside of the Hollywood Studio system, a series of oligopolistic practices by several

Contents

Modern film industry

The film industry as it stands today spans the globe. The major business centers of film making are concentrated in the United States, EU, India and China. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National

Distinct from the business centers are the locations where movies are filmed. Because of labor and infrastructure costs, many films are produced in countries other than the one in which the company which pays for the film is located. For example, many U. S. movies are filmed in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand or in Eastern European countries. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent.

United States

See also: Cinema of the United States

Hollywood, California is the primary nexus of the U. United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century S. film industry. However, four of the major film studios are owned by East Coast companies. A major film studio is a movie production and distribution company that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern Only The Walt Disney Company and owner of Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone Pictures, Hollywood Pictures, Miramax Films, and the Pixar Animation Studios) is actually headquartered in Southern California. Touchstone Pictures is one of several alternate Film labels of The Walt Disney Company, established in 1984 Hollywood Pictures is one of The Walt Disney Company 's several alternate movie divisions Pixar Animation Studios is a CGI animation production company based in Emeryville California. Southern California, or So Cal, is defined as the southern portion of the U The same can be said for Sony Pictures which is headquartered in Culver City, CA. Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc ( SPE) is the television and Film production/distribution unit of Japanese Media conglomerate Sony Although the corporate side of Sony Pictures is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc ( SPE) is the television and Film production/distribution unit of Japanese Media conglomerate Sony officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū.

Networking

Networking and establishing strong relationships are a vital part of Hollywood. Professional network is a term that describes the professional contacts a businessperson or professional may have The town is scattered with talented artists who do not possess the means to pitch their ideas or acquire representation. The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating Reading the trades, Hollywood jargon for reading Daily Variety or The Hollywood Reporter, and joining a networking group or tracking board are ways to stay on top of the job market as well as the project market. For Wikipedia jargon see WikipediaGlossary. For hacker slang see Jargon File. Variety is a weekly entertainment trade newspaper founded in New York in 1905 by Sime Silverman The Hollywood Reporter is a major trade publication of the Film industry in the United States.

India

See also: Cinema of India

The Indian film industry is multi-lingual and the largest in the world (1200 movies released in 2002). The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003 India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The industry is supported mainly by a vast film-going Indian public (the largest in the world in terms of annual ticket sales), and Indian films have been gaining increasing popularity in the rest of the world — notably in countries with large numbers of expatriate Indians. One third of the India's film industry is mostly concentrated in Mumbai (Bombay), and is commonly referred to as "Bollywood" as an amalgamation of Bombay and Hollywood. Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial Bollywood (बॉलीवूड بالی وڈ is the informal term popularly used for the Mumbai -based Hindi-language Film industry in India The remaining majority portion is spread across south India (in Telugu,Kannada and Tamil speaking areas). However, there are several smaller centers of Indian film industries in regional languages (Apart from Hindi, Telugu, Tamil and Malayalam) centered in the states those languages are spoken. Indian films are made filled with action, romance, comedy, dance and an increasing number of special effects.

China

See also: Cinema of Hong Kong

Hong Kong, China is a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world (including the worldwide diaspora) and East Asia in general. The cinema of Hong Kong is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the Cinema of China Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The term Diaspora (in Greek, διασπορά &ndash " a scattering or sowing of seeds " refers any population sharing common ethnic For decades it was the third largest motion picture industry in the world (after Indian and Hollywood) and the second largest exporter. Despite an industry crisis starting in the mid-'90s and Hong Kong's return to Chinese sovereignty in July 1997, Hong Kong film has retained much of its distinctive identity and continues to play a prominent part on the world cinema stage.

Unlike many film industries, Hong Kong has enjoyed little to no direct government support, through either subsidies or import quotas. It has always been a thoroughly commercial cinema, concentrating on crowd-pleasing genres, like comedy and action, and heavily reliant on formulas, sequels and remakes. In Film theory, genre refers to the primary method of film categorization based on similarities in the narrative elements from which films are constructed Typically of commercial cinemas, its heart is a highly developed star system, which in this case also features substantial overlap with the pop music industry. Cantopop (Chinese 粵語流行曲 is a colloquial Portmanteau for " Cantonese popular music ".

Nigeria

See also: Cinema of Nigeria

Also known as "Nollywood". Nollywood redirects here For the Nollywood TV channel in the UK see Nollywood Movies (TV channel.

Nigeria was ushered into modern film making by a film known as Living in Bondage, which featured Kenneth Okonwo, Kanayo. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal O. Kanayo, Bob Manuel Udokwu, Francis Agu, Ngozi Nwosu, Nnena Nwabueze, etc. This movie, which hit the market in 1992, marked a turning point in the Nigerian Movie Industry and heralded the trend in modern day movie making in Nigeria.

The movie capital of the country was in Lagos. Lagos ( pron ˈleɪgɒs or /ˈlɑːgoʊs/ overseas is the most populous Conurbation in Nigeria with However, over the years, there has been a shift from Lagos to Enugu, in the eastern part of the country. Locator Map Enugu-Nigeriapng|thumb|250px|Location of Enugu in Nigeria]] Enugu (or Enugwu) is the Capital city of Enugu State, Nigeria. This shift is said to be championed by Pete Edochie - a veteran in the communications industry who turned an actor and has become one of the most successful in Nigeria.

Now, with the launching of TINAPA Studios in Cross River State of Nigeria, we expect yet another shift in the regular base of the movie industry in Nigeria, considering the attractive ultra modern facilities, and beautiful scenery and location of Calabar, the capital of Cross Rivers. History The state was created in 1967 from part of the former Eastern Region, and was known as the South-Eastern State until 1976 when it adopted its

The movie industry in Nigeria would not be complete without a mention of those behind the movies. Not the actors this time, but the sponsors or producers who are mostly based in Onitsha, the commercial capital of Anambra State, of Nigeria.

Cameroon

The film industry in Cameroon is still developing with a few films produced here and there. This delay in the taking off of the Cameroonian film industry, as opposed to other African countries, is due principally to lack of finance and film schools to train the personnel that can pilot the growth of the industry. The modern Cameroonian film industry started slowly about 1995 with the production of the first Cameroonian home video on VHS, Love Has Eyes by Mfuh Ebeneser. Other Cameroonian productions include: Potent Secrets, Last of the Serpents, Heaven Forbids, Peace Offering, Wendy, Blues Kingdom, Public Order, Sweetest Bitterness, Paris at all Cost, etc.

History

The first feature film ever made was that of The Story of the Kelly Gang, an Australian film based on the infamous Kelly Gang. Edward "Ned" Kelly (3 June 1855 &ndash 11 November 1880 was an Australian Bushranger, and to some a Folk hero for his defiance of the colonial In 1906 Dan Barry and Charles Tait of Melbourne produced and directed The Story of the Kelly Gang, a silent film that ran continuously for a breathtaking 80 minutes. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 It wasn’t until 1911 that countries other than Australia began to make feature films. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. By this time Australia had made 16 full length feature films.

In the early 1900s, in the earliest years of the industry, motion picture production companies from New York and New Jersey started moving to California because of the good weather and longer days. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Although electric lights existed at that time, none were powerful enough to adequately expose film; the best source of illumination for movie production was natural sunlight. " Electric Light " is a song by Infernal, scheduled to be their next single after " Whenever You Need Me " off their album Electric Besides the moderate, dry climate, they were also drawn to the state because of its open spaces and wide variety of natural scenery.

Another reason was the distance of Southern California from New Jersey, which made it more difficult for Thomas Edison to enforce his motion picture patents. A patent is a set of Exclusive rights granted by a State to an inventor or his assignee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an At the time, Edison owned almost all the patents relevant to motion picture production and, in the East, movie producers acting independently of Edison's Motion Picture Patents Company were often sued or enjoined by Edison and his agents. In law a lawsuit is a civil action brought before a Court in which the party commencing the action the Plaintiff, seeks a legal or equitable remedy An injunction is an Equitable remedy in the form of a Court order, whereby a party is required to do or interact with in certain ways all right or to refrain from Thus, movie makers working on the West Coast could work independent of Edison's control. The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States If he sent agents to California, word would usually reach Los Angeles before the agents did and the movie makers could escape to nearby Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.

Hollywood

The first movie studio in the Hollywood area, Nestor Studios, was founded in 1911 by Al Christie for David Horsley in an old building on the northwest corner of Sunset Boulevard and Gower Street. A movie studio (aka film studio) is in the established sense of the term a company that distributes films. The Nestor Motion Picture Company of Bayonne New Jersey, owned by David Horsley and his brother William, opened the first motion picture studio Al Christie, ( October 23, 1881 &ndash April 14, 1951) was a Canadian -born motion picture David Horsley ( March 11, 1873 – February 23, 1933) was English born pioneer of the movie industry who built the first Movie Sunset Boulevard is a Street in the western part of Los Angeles County California, that stretches from Figueroa Street in Downtown Los Angeles In the same year, another fifteen Independents settled in Hollywood. Hollywood came to be so strongly associated with the film industry that the word "Hollywood" came to be used colloquially to refer to the entire industry.

In 1913, Cecil B. DeMille, in association with Jesse Lasky, leased a barn with studio facilities on the southeast corner of Selma and Vine Streets from the Burns and Revier Studio and Laboratory, which had been established there. Cecil Blount DeMille ( August 12, 1881 – January 21, 1959) was an Academy Award -winning American Film director Jesse Louis Lasky ( September 13, 1880 &ndash January 13, 1958) was a pioneer Hollywood film producer and also a key founder DeMille then began production of The Squaw Man (1914). The year 1914 in film involved some significant events Events The 3300-seat Strand Theater opens in New York City. It became known as the Lasky-DeMille Barn and is currently the location of the Hollywood Heritage Museum. The Lasky-DeMille Barn, where the Hollywood Heritage Museum is now located was built in about 1895 on the Hollywood California, citrus ranch of Robert Northam for The Hollywood Heritage Museum is a "Hollywood Studio Museum" located in Hollywood, California, USA.

The Charlie Chaplin Studios, on the northeast corner of La Brea and De Longpre Avenues just south of Sunset Boulevard, was built in 1917. It has had many owners after 1953, including Kling Studios, who produced the Superman TV series with George Reeves; Red Skelton, who used the sound stages for his CBS TV variety show; and CBS, who filmed the TV series Perry Mason with Raymond Burr there. Adventures of Superman is an American Television series based on Comic book characters and concepts created in 1938 by Jerry Siegel George Reeves ( January 5, 1914 &ndash June 16, 1959) was an American Actor, best known for his role as Superman in the Richard Bernard “Red” Skelton ( July 18, 1913 &ndash September 17, 1997) was an American comedian who was best known as a top A sound stage is a soundproof Hangar -like structure building or room used for the production of theatrical motion pictures and Television shows CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. A variety show or variety entertainment is an entertainment made up of a variety of acts especially Musical performances and Comedy Skits and Perry Mason is an Emmy -winning American TV series that ran from 1957 to 1966. Raymond William Stacey Burr ( May 21, 1917 &ndash September 12, 1993) was a Canadian Emmy -winning Actor and It has also been owned by Herb Alpert's A&M Records and Tijuana Brass Enterprises. Herbert "Herb" Alpert (born March 31, 1935) is an American Musician most associated with the group variously known as Herb Alpert A&M Records is an American Record label owned by Universal Music Group which operates through the Interscope-Geffen-A&M division It is currently The Jim Henson Company, home of the Muppets. For other uses of "Henson" see Henson. James Maury "Jim" Henson (September 24 1936 &ndash May 16 1990 was one of The Muppets are a group of Puppet characters created by Jim Henson. In 1969, The Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Board named the studio a historical cultural monument.

The famous Hollywood sign originally read "Hollywoodland. " It was erected in 1923 to advertise a new housing development in the hills above Hollywood. For several years the sign was left to deteriorate. In 1949, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce stepped in and offered to remove the last four letters and repair the rest.

The sign, located at the top of Mount Lee, is now a registered trademark and cannot be used without the permission of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, which also manages the venerable Walk of Fame. The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a Sidewalk along Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street in Hollywood Los Angeles California, USA, that

The Hollywood sign as it appears today.
The Hollywood sign as it appears today.

The first Academy Awards presentation ceremony took place on May 16, 1929 during a banquet held in the Blossom Room of the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tickets were USD $10. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 00 and there were 250 people in attendance.

From about 1930, five major Hollywood movie studios from all over the Los Angeles area, Paramount, RKO, 20th Century Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Warner Bros., owned large, grand theaters throughout the country for the exhibition of their movies. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue The period between the years 1927 (the effective end of the silent era) to 1948 is considered the age of the "Hollywood studio system", or, in a more common term, the Golden Age of Hollywood. The history of film spans over a hundred years from the latter part of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century. In a landmark 1948 court decision, the Supreme Court ruled that movie studios could not own theaters and play only the movies of their studio and movie stars, thus an era of Hollywood history had unofficially ended. United States v Paramount Pictures, Inc, 334 US 131 ( 1948) (also known as the Hollywood Antitrust Case of 1948, the Paramount For other uses including various songs titled "Movie Star" see Movie star (disambiguation. By the mid-1950s, when television proved a profitable enterprise that was here to stay, movie studios started also being used for the production of programming in that medium, which is still the norm today.

References

See also

External links

Dictionary

film industry

-noun

  1. the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking
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