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Film review redirects here, for the similar sounding Film revue, please visit Revue#Film revues. A revue is a type of multi-act popular theatrical Entertainment that combines Music, dance and sketches.

Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films, individually and collectively. In general, this can be divided into journalistic criticism that appears regularly in newspapers, and other popular, mass-media outlets and academic criticism by film scholars that is informed by film theory and published in journals. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Film theory debates the essence of the cinema and provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to Reality, the other Arts individual

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Journalistic criticism

Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, broadcast media, and online publications, mainly review new releases. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Magazines, periodicals or serials are Publications generally published on a regular schedule containing a variety of articles, generally For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. In Film theory, genre refers to the primary method of film categorization based on similarities in the narrative elements from which films are constructed The popularity of mass-marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. Action movies are a Film genre where action sequences such as fights, Shootouts Stunts Car chases or explosions either take precedence Horror films are Movies that strive to elicit Fear, Horror and terror responses from viewers Comedy film is a genre of Film in which the main emphasis is on humor. The plot summary and description of a film that makes up the majority of any film review can have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For prestige films with a limited release, such as independent dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. A drama film is a Film genre that depends mostly on in-depth development of realistic characters dealing with emotional themes Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.

Reviews and film marketing

The impact of reviews on a film's box office performance and DVD rentals/sales is a matter of debate. A box office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for Admission to a venue Some claim movie marketing is so intense and well financed that reviewers cannot make an impact against it. Film promotion is a practise undertaken by most film studios Studios invest in expensive Marketing campaigns to maximize target audience attendance of the released However, the failure of some heavily-promoted movies (such as Alexander) that were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies (such as Pulp Fiction) indicates that extreme critical reactions can have considerable influence. Alexander is a 2004 Epic film, based on the life of Alexander the Great. Others note positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in little-known films. Major box-office analysis websites like Box Office Prophets and Box Office Guru regularly factor in general film review opinions in their projections of a film's earnings.

Studios respect the clout of reviewers. There have been several films in which film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film (such as The Avengers). The Avengers is a 1998 film based on the British Cult television series of the same name from the 1960s However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing. Such films often do poorly as a result.

Since so much money is riding on positive reviews, studios often work to woo film critics. Any major release is accompanied by mailings to film critics press kits containing background information, many photos for use in a publication, and often small gifts. A press kit, often referred to as a media kit in business environments is a pre-packaged set of promotional materials of a person company or organization distributed to members Film reviewers who appear on television are given clips from the movie which they may use.

Online film reviews

Some websites, such as Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic, seek to improve the usefulness of film reviews by compiling them and assigning a score to each in order to gauge the general reception a film receives. Rotten Tomatoes is a Website devoted to reviews information and news of Movies. Metacritic is a Website that collates reviews of music Albums games, movies, TV shows, DVDs and Books. The Online Film Critics Society, an international professional association of Internet-based cinema reviewers, consists of writers from all over the world. The Online Film Critics Society ( OFCS) is a professional association for Film critics as well as Film Journalists Scholars, and

A number of websites allow internet users to submit movie reviews and scores to allow a broad consensus review of a movie. Some websites specialize in narrow aspects of film reviewing. For instance, there are sites that focus on specific content advisories for parents to judge a film's suitability for children (e. g. Screen it!). Others focus on a religious perspective (e. g. CAP Alert). The ChildCare Action Project (also known as CAP or CAPAlert) is a Fundamentalist Christian entertainment media analysis service devoted to reviewing the Still others highlight more esoteric subjects such as the depiction of science in fiction films. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding One such example is Insultingly Stupid Movie Physics by Intuitor. Intuitor is a Website promoting creative learning as both a method of enlightenment and a cultural theme in its own right One website, Everyone's a Critic, allows anyone to publish film reviews and comment on them. Everyone's a Critic (EaC is a film community website It began as an experiment utilizing a Collaborative filtering Algorithm to obtain film recommendations from

Blogging has also introduced opportunities for a new wave of amateur film critics to have their opinions heard. These review blogs may focus on one genre, director or actor, or encompass a much wider variety of films. Friends, friends of friends, or complete strangers are able to visit these sites, and can often leave their own comments about the movie and/or the author's review. Although much less frequented than their professional counterparts, these sites can gather a following of like-minded people who look to specific bloggers for reviews as they have found that the critic consistently exhibits an outlook very similar to their own.

Academic criticism

Some claim that journalist film critics should only be known as film reviewers, and that true film critics are those who take an academic approach to films. This work is more often known as film theory or film studies. Film theory debates the essence of the cinema and provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to Reality, the other Arts individual Film theory debates the essence of the cinema and provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to Reality, the other Arts individual These film critics try to come to understand why film works, how it works, what it means, and what effects it has on people. Rather than write for mass-market publications their articles are published in scholarly journals that tend to be affiliated with university presses; or sometimes in up-market magazines.

Film Critics

Notable journalistic critics

Notable academic critics

  • Rudolf Arnheim
  • Béla Balázs
  • André Bazin
  • Jean-Louis Baudry
  • Peter Bogdanovich
  • David Bordwell
  • Noël Burch
  • Ernest Callenbach
  • Ray Carney
  • Carol J. Clover
  • Hamid Dabashi
  • Serge Daney
  • Maya Deren
  • Mary Ann Doane
  • Raymond Durgnat
  • Sergei Eisenstein
  • William K. Everson
  • Manny Farber
  • Ritwik Ghatak
  • Raymond J. Taran Adarsh (1964 is a leading film critic, Journalist, editor and film trade analyst from India. Indiafmcom is a leading Bollywood entertainment website owned by hungama James Rufus Agee (November 27 1909 &ndash May 16 1955 was an American Novelist, Journalist, Poet Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and This article is about the US Publication. For other newspapers magazines and alternate uses by the same name see The Nation (disambiguation. Hollis Alpert ( September 24, 1916 &ndash November 18, 2007) was an American Film critic and Author. Saturday Review (1924&ndash1986 was a weekly US -based Magazine. Michael Atkinson, Australian Politician, is the current South Australian Attorney-General, Justice Minister for Veterans' Affairs and Minister James Berardinelli (born September 1967 is an Online Film critic. Peter Bradshaw is a British writer and Film critic. He was educated at Cambridge University. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Tom Brook (born 1953 is a journalist working for the BBC, mainly seen on BBC World News and is the main presenter of Talking Movies. Ty Burr has been a Film critic for the Boston Globe since 2002 The Boston Globe (and Boston Sunday Globe) is the most widely circulated daily Newspaper in Boston and in New England, Ernest Callenbach (born April 3, 1929) is an American Writer. Vincent Canby ( July 27 1924 &ndash September 15 2000) was an American film critic. Richard Nelson Corliss (born 1943 is a writer for Time magazine who focuses on Movies, with the occasional article on music or sports Francis Bosley Crowther ( July 13, 1905 &ndash March 7, 1981) was a Film critic for The New York Times for Mike D'Angelo (born 1968 is the chief film critic for Esquire. Manohla Dargis (born April 1961 is one of the chief Film critics for The New York Times. Santa Fe Reporter ( SFR) is an Alternative weekly newspaper published in Santa Fe New Mexico, United States. David Denby is an American Journalist, best-known as Film critic for The New Yorker magazine Roger Joseph Ebert (iːbɝt born June 18, 1942) is an American film critic and Screenwriter. The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily Newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. David Edelstein (born 1959 is the chief film critic for New York Magazine, as well as the film critic for NPR 's Fresh Air and New York is a weekly magazine concerned with the life culture politics and style of New York City. Fresh Air is a Radio talk show hosted by Terry Gross, broadcast on National Public Radio stations across the United States CBS News Sunday Morning is an American television news magazine program created by Robert Northshield and Charles Kuralt, and appearing continuously from January Emanuel "Manny" Farber ( February 20 1917 – 18 August 2008) was an American painter and Film critic. Otis Ferguson (1907-1943 was an American writer most famous for his music and film reviews in The New Republic in the 1930s The Filthy Critic (or " Filthy," as he calls himself is an online persona of Matt Weatherford a Film critic. John Howard Foote is a Canadian based Film critic and Director of the Toronto Film School Gary Franklin ( September 22 1928 &ndash October 2 2007) was a well-known German American Broadcast Film critic KABC-TV, channel 7 is an owned-and-operated television station of the Walt Disney Company -owned American Broadcasting Company, licensed to Los Angeles Philip French (born 1933 is a British Film Critic and former Radio producer. The Observer is a British Newspaper published on Sundays In about the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The John Nance Garner IV nicknamed "Cactus Jack" (November 22 1868 &ndash November 7 1967 was the forty-fourth Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Gannett Company Inc ( is a publicly-traded media Holding company based in the United States. Owen Gleiberman (born 24 February 1959 is a film critic for Entertainment Weekly, a position he has held since the magazine's launch in 1990 Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is a Magazine published by Time Inc Henry Graham Greene OM, CH (2 October 1904 &ndash 3 April 1991 was an English writer best known as a novelist but who also produced Short stories The Globe and Mail is a Canadian English language nationally distributed Newspaper, based in Toronto and printed in six cities Leslie Robert James Halliwell ( 23 February, 1929 – 21 January, 1989) was a British Motion picture Historian Molly Haskell (born September 29, 1939 in Charlotte, North Carolina) is a feminist Film critic and author Jim Hoberman (born 1948 also known as J Hoberman is a prominent American Film critic. This article is about a New York newspaper For the Ottawa Hills Ohio magazine see The Village Voice of Ottawa Hills. Kamran Jawaid (also credited as Mohammad Kamran Jawaid and MKJ) born April 29, 1982, is a Film critic Dawn is Pakistan 's oldest best known and most widely-read English-language newspaper Pauline Kael (June 19 1919 &ndash September 3 2001 was an American Film critic who wrote for The New Yorker magazine from 1968 to 1991 The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry Stanley Kauffmann (b April 24, 1916, in New York City New York) is an American Film critic, Theater Critic, and The New Republic ( TNR) is an American Magazine of politics and the arts Premiere was an American and New York City -based film Magazine published by Hachette Filipacchi Media U Mark Kermode (born Mark Fairey, 2 July 1963) is an English film critic who regularly writes for Sight and Sound Sight & Sound ( is a British monthly Film Magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI Anthony Lane (born 1962 has been a film reviewer for ''The New Yorker'' magazine since 1993 The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry The Detroit Free Press is the largest daily Newspaper in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Tim Lucas (b May 30, 1956 in Cincinnati Ohio) is a Film critic, Biographer, Novelist, Poet, Screenwriter Video Watchdog is a monthly Digest size film magazine started in 1990 by Publisher / editor Tim Lucas and his Jeffrey Lyons (born November 5, 1944) is the Television and film critic for WNBC in New York City. WNBC Channel 4 is the flagship station of the NBC television network located in New York City. John Maguire is the name of John A Maguire (1870-1939 American politician John Aloysius Maguire (1851–1920 Scottish archbishop The Sunday Business Post is an Irish national Sunday Newspaper published by Post Publications Limited. Derek Malcolm (born May 12, 1932) is a British film critic and historian educated at Eton College and Oxford University. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950) is an American Film critic and Film Historian. Entertainment Tonight is a daily Television entertainment news show that is syndicated by CBS Television Distribution throughout the United Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide is a book-format collection of movie capsule reviews that began in 1969 and has been updated yearly since 1987. Janet Maslin (born 1948 is an American Journalist. She is best known as a film and literary critic for The New York Times Harold McCarthy ( &ndash 1970 was an early and important British Film critic. Michael Medved (born October 3 1948) is an American radio host, conservative political commentator, Film critic Nell Minow is a film reviewer and Writer who writes and speaks frequently on film and media and corporate governance and investing Beliefnet or Beliefnetcom is a large spiritual site on the internet that is owned by Fox Entertainment Group, a division of News Corporation. Elvis Mitchell (born 1958 in Detroit Michigan) is a former Film critic for The New York Times (1998-2004 The Fort Worth Star-Telegram is a major US daily Newspaper serving Fort Worth and the western half of the North Texas area The Los Angeles Herald-Examiner was a major Los Angeles daily newspaper published Monday through Friday in the afternoon and in the morning on Saturdays and The Detroit Free Press is the largest daily Newspaper in Detroit, Michigan, USA. For other uses See Khalid Mohammed (disambiguation Khalid Mohammed is an Indian Journalist Hindustan Times ( HT) is a leading newspaper in India, published since 1924 with roots in the independence movement Joe Morgenstern is the film critic for The Wall Street Journal. Wesley Morris is a film critic at Boston Globe. Before that he wrote for the San Francisco Examiner, and later at the San Francisco The Boston Globe (and Boston Sunday Globe) is the most widely circulated daily Newspaper in Boston and in New England, Barry Leslie Norman, CBE (born August 21, 1933 in London) is an English Film critic and television presenter Robert Jolin Osborne (born May 3, 1932 in Colfax Washington) is an American actor and film historian best known as the host of the Turner Classic Cyprus Mail is a Cypriot English-language Newspaper. It is published daily (except Mondays and a number of articles are available online Margaret Pomeranz, AM, is an Australian Film critic and Television personality At the Movies is an ABC1 program hosted by Film critics Margaret Pomeranz and David Stratton, in which they discuss the films opening Elizabeth Dilys Powell ( 20 July 1901 &ndash 3 June 1995) was a British journalist author and Film critic. The Sunday Times is a Sunday Broadsheet Newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. Rex Taylor Reed (born October 2, 1938) is an American Film critic and former co- host of the syndicated television show At The New York Observer is a weekly newspaper first published in New York City on September 22, 1987, by Arthur L Richard Roeper (born October 17, 1959) is a Columnist for the Chicago Sun-Times and from September 2000 through August 2008 The Chicago Reader is an Alternative newsweekly in Chicago, Illinois, USA Jonathan Stephen Ross OBE (born 17 November 1960 in London, England) is a triple BAFTA -winning British Andrew Sarris, born on October 31, 1928 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, is a U Richard Warren Schickel (born February 10, 1933 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is an Author, Journalist, and documentary Dan Schneider (born 1965 is a United States Poet, Critic, Film critic, Essayist, and Fiction Writer best known Anthony O "Tony" Scott (born July 10, 1966) is an American Journalist and Critic. Gene Shalit (born March 25, 1932 in New York City) is the film and book critic on NBC 's The Today Show. Today, also referred to as The Today Show, is an American morning news and talk show airing weekday mornings on NBC. Joel Siegel ( July 7, 1943 – June 29, 2007) was an American Film critic for the ABC morning news show Good Morning America ( GMA) is a morning news show that is broadcast on the ABC television network debuting on November John Simon (born Ivan Simon on May 12, 1925) is a Serbian-American author and literary theater and film critic WNBC Channel 4 is the flagship station of the NBC television network located in New York City. Reel Talk is an NBC weekend Movie review series hosted by film critics Jeffrey Lyons and Alison Bailes. Eugene "Gene" Kal Siskel ( January 26, 1946 &ndash February 20, 1999) was an American Film critic. The Chicago Tribune is a major daily Newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, and owned by the Tribune Company David Stratton (born 10 September 1939 in Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England) is an Australian Film critic and At the Movies is an ABC1 program hosted by Film critics Margaret Pomeranz and David Stratton, in which they discuss the films opening Amy Taubin (b 10 September, 1939) is an American Film critic. David Thomson (b 1941 London UK) is a noted Film critic in the United States and the author of more than 20 books including The New Desson Thomson is a movie reviewer for The Washington Post. Thomson was born in Britain on January 13 1958 and moved to Washington D The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D For the vegetable see Onion. The Onion is an American " fake news " organization This is about the film critic For the singing colleague of Mary Travers see Peter Yarrow. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Kenneth Turan ( (b 27 October 1946) is an American Film critic and Lecturer in the Master of Professional Writing Program at the University The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily Newspaper published in Los Angeles California and distributed Harrison Parker Tyler, better known as Parker Tyler (born 6 March 1904, New Orleans - died in June 1974 New York City of Prostate Film Culture is an American film magazine started by Adolfas Mekas and his brother Jonas Mekas in 1954, and is now defunct Alexander Walker ( 23 March 1930 - 15 July 2003) was a film critic born in Portadown, Northern Ireland. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The London Evening Standard is an English Tabloid regional local newspaper published and sold in London and surrounding areas of southeast David Walsh, born in New York City New York, is a Film critic and political writer for the World Socialist Web Site The World Socialist Web Site is the online news and information center of the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI Armond White (born in Detroit Michigan) is an American Film critic. Rudolf Arnheim ( July 15, 1904 &ndash June 9, 2007) was a German -born author art and Film theorist and perceptual psychologist Béla Balázs ( 4 August 1884, Szeged – 17 May 1949, Budapest) born Herbert Bauer, was a Hungarian André Bazin ( April 18, 1918 &ndash November 11, 1958) was a renowned and influential French film critic and film Peter Bogdanovich ( Serbian Cyrillic: Петар Богдановић Latin: Petar Bogdanović (born July 30, 1939, is an American David Bordwell (born 23 July 1947 is a prominent American film theorist and author Noël Burch (born 1932 is a notable French Film critic famous for his contribution of commonly used terms by film scholars (such as Institutional Mode of Representation Ernest Callenbach (born April 3, 1929) is an American Writer. Ray Carney, also known as Raymond Carney, PhD, is an American scholar and critic primarily known for his work as a film theorist, although he writes extensively Carol J Clover born in 1940 is a professor of film rhetoric and Scandinavian at the University of California Berkeley Biography Born and raised in southern city of Ahvaz in Iran, Dabashi was educated in Iran and then in the United States where he received a dual Ph Serge Daney (1944 - 1992 was an influential French movie critic who went on from writing film reviews to developing a “television criticism” and onto building a personal theory of Maya Deren ( April 29, 1917, Kiev – October 13, 1961, New York City) born Eleanora Derenkowsky, was an Mary Ann Doane is currently George Hazard Crooker Professor of Modern Culture and Media at Brown University, and was a pioneer in the study Raymond Durgnat ( September 1, 1932 - May 19, 2002) was a distinctive and highly influential British Film critic, who was Sergei Mikhailovich Eisenstein (Сергей Михайлович Эйзенштейн January 23, 1898 &ndash February 11, 1948) was William K Everson ( April 8, 1929, Yeovil, Somerset England - April 14, 1996, New York City) was an Emanuel "Manny" Farber ( February 20 1917 – 18 August 2008) was an American painter and Film critic. Ritwik Ghatak (ঋত্বিক (কুমার ঘটক Rittik (Kumar Ghôţok) ( November 4 1925 February 6 1976) was a Haberski
  • Siegfried Kracauer

See also

Further reading

External links

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