Filipinos
Total population
Philippines      91,077,287 (2007) [1]
Regions with significant populations
Significant overseas populations Note: No data available on number of Filipino descendants in Southeast Asia-Pacific, Latin America, China and Spain  United States 4,000,000 (2007) [USA]  Saudi Arabia 800,000 (2005) [SAU]  Malaysia 352,650 (2004) [2]  Canada 327,550 (2003) [CAN]  Japan 300,000 (2004) [JPN]  UAE 250,000 (2003) [ARE]  United Kingdom 200,000 (2007) [3]  Taiwan 158,116 (2003) [TWN]  Italy 200,000 [ITA]  Singapore 136,489 (2004) [2]  Hong Kong 130,810 (2005) [HKG]  Australia 129,400 (2007) [AUS]  Kuwait 91,789 (2004) [2]  Ireland 3,900 (2005) [IRL]  Indonesia 68,000 (2005)  Qatar 58,358 (2004) [2]  Germany 55,628 (2004) [2]  Guam 45,600 (2007) [GWM]  South Korea 41,000 (2004) [ROK]  Israel 37,155-50,000(2004) [2][4][5]  Bahrain 36,718 (2004) [2]  France 32,085 (2004) [2]  Lebanon 30,000 (2006) [LBN]  Austria 25,973 (2004) [2]  Spain 25,292 (2004) [2]  Greece 25,146 (2004) [2]  Macau 18,447 (2004) [2]  New Zealand 16,938 (2006) [NZL]  Sweden 5,186 (2004) [6]  Norway 9,482 (2007) [7]
Languages
Filipino, Bikol, Cebuano, English, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray-Waray, and over 100 others
Religions
Predominantly Roman Catholic Various smaller Christian denominations Significant Muslim minority, Buddhist, others
Related ethnic groups
Taiwanese aborigines, Dayak, Indonesians, Malays, Chamorro, other Austronesians, Hui, Bisaya (not to be confused with Filipino Visayans)

Filipinos or the Filipino people are the citizens of the Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP An Overseas Filipino is a person of Philippine origin who lives outside of the Philippines. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Singapore Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Guam ( Chamorro: cha Guåhån) officially the Territory of Guam, is an island in the western Pacific Ocean and is an organized unincorporated South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Filipino is the national and an Official language of the Philippines as designated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution. For the macrolanguage Bikol see Bikol languages. Bikol refers to Central Bicolano (also known as Bikol Central "Cebuano" redirects here For the inhabitants of Cebu see Cebuano people Cebuano (Cebuano Sinugbuanon, "language English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Hiligaynon (or " Ilonggo " is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. To view the Ilokano edition of this Wikipedia article select from the in other languages section to the side of this page Kapampangan is one of the major Languages of the Philippines. The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense, sometimes called Panggalatok belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian Tagalog is one of the major languages used in the Philippines. Tausūg (Tausūg Bahasa Sūg, Malay: Bahasa Suluk) is a Visayan language spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(ineyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces In Philippines there are over 170 languages almost all of them belong to the Austronesian language family. Denominationalism|List of Christian denominations|Church (disambiguation A Christian denomination is an identifiable religious body under a common name structure and doctrine within For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Taiwanese aborigines ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-oē-jī: gôan-chū-bîn literally “original inhabitants” is the term commonly applied in reference to the Indigenous peoples The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Malays (Melayu are an Ethnic group of Austronesian peoples predominantly inhabiting the Malay Peninsula, the east coast of Sumatra, the coast "Chamoru" redirects here For the language see Chamorro language. The Austronesian people or Austronesian-speaking people, are a population group present in Oceania and Southeast Asia who speak or had ancestors who spoke The Bisaya are an indigenous people of northwestern Borneo, Malaysia, concentrated around the Limbang river in northern Sarawak state The Visayans ( Visayan, Filipino: Bisaya) are the largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The term (feminine: Filipina) may also refer to people of Philippine descent, regardless of citizenship. An English Noun The English noun people has two distinct fields of application as a countable noun, a group of Humans There are now over 100 million ethnic Filipinos worldwide.

Throughout the colonial era, the term "Filipino" originally referred to Spaniards born in the Philippines, also known as insulares, criollos or español filipino. This distinguished them from Spaniards born in Europe who were known as peninsulares. The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra By the mid to late nineteenth century, however, the term "Filipino" had begun to refer to the indigenous population of the Philippines. According to historian Ambeth Ocampo, José Rizal was the first to call the native inhabitants "Filipinos". Ambeth R Ocampo is a multi-awarded Filipino historian academic journalist and author best known for his writings about Jose Rizal, and for his bi-weekly editorial Dr José P Rizal (full name José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda) (June 19 1861 – December 30 1896 was a Filipino Polymath, Today, Filipino is also used to signify the nationality and citizenship of one who is from the Philippines. Philippine nationality law is currently based upon the principles of Jus sanguinis and therefore descent from a parent who is a citizen / national This means that Filipino now may refer not only to the indigenous Austronesian majority, but also to those of other ethnic origins, such as American, Spanish, Indian, Japanese, and Chinese Filipinos. American settlement in the Philippines began during the Spanish period, when Americans came to the islands primarily to conduct business Spanish settlement in the Philippines first took place in the late 16th century during the Spanish colonial period of the islands South Asians in the Philippines are Philippine citizens of South Asian descent and citizens of South Asian countries living in Philippines Japanese settlement in the Philippines refers to the branch of the Japanese diaspora having historical contact with and having established themselves in what is now A Chinese Filipino ( Hokkien: Huâ-hui; Cantonese: Wàhfèi; Tagalog / Filipino: "Tsinoy" ( derived from

Colloquially, Filipinos may refer to themselves as Pinoy (feminine: Pinay), which is formed by taking the last four letters of Pilipino and adding the diminutive suffix -y. A diminutive is a formation of a Word used to convey a slight degree of the root meaning smallness of the object or quality named encapsulation intimacy or endearment An affix is a Morpheme that is attached to a stem to form a word The word was coined by expatriate Filipino Americans during the 1920s and was later adopted by Filipinos in the Philippines. Filipino Americans are Americans of Philippine ancestry which trace back to the Philippines, an archipelagic nation in Southeast Asia.

In various Philippine languages, Filipino is translated to Pilipino. In Philippines there are over 170 languages almost all of them belong to the Austronesian language family. The use of /p/ is used since many lack /f/ as a phoneme. The phoneME project is Sun Microsystems reference implementation of Java virtual machine and associated libraries of Java ME with source licensed under the GNU

Contents 1 History 2 Ancestry 2.1 Genetic Studies 3 Languages 4 Diaspora 4.1 Filipinos in the Americas 4.2 Filipinos in Oceania 5 See also 6 References

History

Main article: History of the Philippines

American anthropologist H. Otley Beyer was the first to propose that Malays who came from Malaysia populated the Philippines in a handful of waves of migration. Timeline of Philippine history The History of The Philippines is believed to have begun with the arrival of the first humans via Land bridges at least Henry Otley Beyer (July 13 1883- December 31 1966 was an American Anthropologist, who spent most of his adult life in the Philippines teaching Filipinos Malays (Melayu are an Ethnic group of Austronesian peoples predominantly inhabiting the Malay Peninsula, the east coast of Sumatra, the coast For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and However, most contemporary anthropologists, linguists (Blust, Reid, Ross, Pawley), and archaeologists (Bellwood) propose the opposite to be true. The vast majority of Filipinos are said to be descended from Austronesian-speaking migrants who arrived in what is now the Philippines from Southern China and Taiwan during the Iron Age. The Austronesian people or Austronesian-speaking people, are a population group present in Oceania and Southeast Asia who speak or had ancestors who spoke This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age for the mythological Iron Age see Ages of Man.

Filipinos are sometimes said to be part of a "Malay race"; however, modern anthropologists contend that the classification has little taxonomic validity. The concept of a Malay race ( Bangsa Melayu) was proposed by the German scientist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840 Anthropology (/ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ from Greek grc ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos, "human" -λογία -logia) is the study of The term Malay race was a term coined in 1795 by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach to refer to the brown-skinned inhabitants of the Indian (Malay) archipelago, Oceania, Melanesia, and Australia. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach ( May 11, 1752 – January 22, 1840) was a German doctor and Physiologist, The Indies or East Indies (or East India) is a term often used to refer to the islands of SE Asia, especially the Malay Archipelago Melanesia (from Greek: μέλας black, νῆσος island) means "islands of the black-skinned people" For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. It was one of five other categories which Blumenbach created for classifying humans, including what he called the black race and the yellow race. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus The term black people usually refers to a racial group of Humans with dark Skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse Asian or Asiatic is a Demonym for people from Asia. However the use of the term varies by country and person often referring to people from a particular Since then, anthropologists have debunked this concept, citing the complexities of human races being unable to fit into a handful of oversimplified categories. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus The term race or racial group usually refers to the concept of categorizing Humans into Populations or groups on the basis of various sets Genetically, there are no distinct units of human population and all human beings are genetically related. ^[8]

The term Malay is also considered misleading because it gives the impression that the route for the populating of the Philippines was via Malaysia. The concept of a Malay race ( Bangsa Melayu) was proposed by the German scientist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840 Current theory holds instead that the Malays who inhabit the rest of the Malay Archipelago and mainland Malaysia are the descendants of Austronesian-speaking immigrants who first went to the Philippines. The Malay Archipelago is a name given to the Archipelago located between mainland Southeastern Asia ( Indochina) and Australia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Then those Austronesian-speaking immigrants ventured further south to what are now Malaysia, Indonesia, and East Timor, as well as to the other Pacific Islands. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The Pacific Ocean contains an estimated 20000 to 30000 Islands (the exact number has yet to be precisely determined

The earliest aboriginal inhabitants of the Philippines are known as the Negrito groups. The term Negrito refers to several ethnic groups in isolated parts of Southeast Asia. Their ancestors arrived thousands of years prior to the Austronesian-speaking migrants. Their descendants, the Aetas, constitute a very small minority of the population. The Aeta (pronounced as “eye-ta” Agta or Ayta are an Indigenous people who live in scattered isolated mountainous parts of Luzon,

Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards in 1521, the Philippines was not united as a single nation. A nation is a Human Cultural and Social Community. In as much as most members never meet each other yet feel a common bond it may be considered Instead, the inhabitants were essentially divided into ethnolinguistic tribal states, or barangays, with some acquiring cultural sophistication, including caste systems (Maharlika). Ethnolinguistics is a field of linguistic anthropology which studies the language of a particular Ethnic group. Datu or datto is the title for ancient tribal chieftains and monarchs in pre-Hispanic Philippines. This article refers to a political administrative division See Barangay Ginebra Kings for other uses A Civilization is a society in which large numbers of people share a variety of common elements Castes are Hereditary systems of occupation, Endogamy, social culture, Social class, and Political power. Principalía chieftain class or [[nobility]] was the ruling class in the towns of Spanish Philippines composed of the Gobernadorcillo or the Municipal Captain who presided over

By the mid-to-late sixteenth century, the archipelago was included in the Spanish East Indies. Spanish East Indies ( Indias Orientales Españolas) was a term used to describe Spanish possessions in Asia-Pacific which lasted over three centuries The Spaniards called the islands Filipinas (Philippines) in honor of King Philip II of Spain. Philip II (Felipe II de España Filipe I ( May 21, 1527 &ndash September 13 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until 1598 During the 333 years of Spanish rule, through New Spain (Mexico), the term Filipino referred to the Spaniards who were born in the archipelago. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Viceroyalty of New Spain (Virreinato de Nueva España was a name given to the Viceroy -ruled territories of the Spanish Empire in North America, The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.

Indigenous Filipinos were usually referred to as "indios". This was a result of Spaniards misnaming indigenous peoples of the Americas when they first reached that continent and believed they had arrived in India. For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country By the time the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines, they used the term "indio" as synonymous with "indigenous". On a more sombre note, the connotation of "indio" would have far-reaching consequences; racism being the largest. Filipinos were often colletively scorned and called, of course, "indios", and after the larger revolutionary movements came into the scene, "filibusteros" and, "subersibo". "Indio" became not only a brutal essentialism, but was also developed into a full-blown discursive construct, which often produced stereotypes. And thus, even after Filipinos were able to prove that they were not ignorant savages, the Propagandists in Spain (Rizal, etc. ) were still collectively scorned because of their brown skin. From a stereotype, the term had been assimilated by dominant ideology, and the signified was now the target of systematic exclusionary practices.

Following the revolution, the Spanish-American War in 1898, and the Philippine-American War, the native indios were left searching for a national identity. The native revolutionaries then known by themselves as tagalogs (and their nation as Katagalugan, pertaining to the whole archipelago), called themselves Filipinos, taking ownership of the term earlier used by the Philippine-born Spaniards. General Emilio Aguinaldo was among the first to apply "Filipino" as the national designation for the indigenous inhabitants of the Philippines, as well as all other persons born in the country. For the municipality see Gen Emilio Aguinaldo Cavite General Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy ( March 22, 1869 &ndash February 6 This act was intended to help unite the population and establish nationalism in the 1900s against the U. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation S. presence and occupation of the islands. The term indio, however, was still being used well into the mid-part of the twentieth century, as evidenced by Roman Catholic baptismal records. In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted

Ancestry

Filipinos are largely descended from Austronesian-speaking migrants who came in successive waves from the island of Taiwan, ultimately hailing from the Fujian coast of China. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. This article is about the People's Republic of China province They are most closely related to the Ami tribe which are one of the Austronesian aborigines of Taiwan, with whom they share similar physical appearance, prehistoric culture, and certain linguistic patterns, such as grammar and vocabulary. Taiwanese aborigines ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-oē-jī: gôan-chū-bîn literally “original inhabitants” is the term commonly applied in reference to the Indigenous peoples According to the Stanford University study mentioned below, Filipino and Ami genetic composition are exactly similar, except for a tiny fraction (3%) of European genes, most probably Spanish and/or American. Filipinos also share about 53% of their paternal genetic composition of the modern-day Fujianese, who are nevertheless considered as Han Chinese. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world.

More recent genetic admixtures come from migrants from China, Spain, United States, United Kingdom, Australia, India, Arabian Peninsula, Japan, and South Korea, which collectively form around 10~25% of the current Filipino population. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː

Genetic Studies

Some genetic studies, based upon very small samples of the population, have begun to provide clues to the origins of Filipino people. In Statistics, a sample is a Subset of a population. Typically the population is very large making a Census or a complete Enumeration Much remains to be learned by larger studies of valid statistical significance about the ancestry of the various Austronesian Philippine ethnic groups. In Statistics, a result is called statistically significant if it is unlikely to have occurred by Chance.

A Stanford University study conducted during 2001 revealed that Y-chromosome Haplogroup O3-M122 (labeled as "Haplogroup L" in this study) predominates among Filipino males. Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in In Human genetics, Haplogroup O3 (M122 is a Y-chromosome Haplogroup. This particular haplogroup is also predominant among Chinese and Korean males. The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following A person who resides in and holds citizenship of the People's Republic of China (including Hong The Korean people are an East Asian Ethnic group. Most Koreans speak the Korean language. That finding is consistent with the theory that people migrated from China south into the Philippines. Another haplogroup, Haplogroup O1a-M119 (labeled as "Haplogroup H" in this study), is also found among Filipinos. In human genetics Haplogroup O1 (MSY22 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. The rates of Haplogroup O1a are highest among the Taiwanese Aborigines. Taiwanese aborigines ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-oē-jī: gôan-chū-bîn literally “original inhabitants” is the term commonly applied in reference to the Indigenous peoples Overall, the genetic frequencies found among Filipinos point to the Ami tribe of Taiwan as their nearest genetic relative. The Amis ( also Ami or Pangcah) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. ^[9]

A 2002 China Medical University study indicated that certain Filipinos shared a particular gene marker that is also found among Taiwanese aborigines and Indonesians, and concluded that Taiwan aborigines are of Austronesian derivation. China Medical University ( was founded in 1958 as China Medical College (中國醫藥學院 ^[10]

A 2003 University of the Philippines study based on 50 participants each from the islands of Luzon and Cebu provided some insight into the various places of origin of early Filipinos. The University of the Philippines (or Unibersidad ng Pilipinas in Filipino and commonly abbreviated as U Some rare genetic markers were found which are shared by people from the different parts of Central and East Asia, reinforcing their mainland Asian origins. ^[11]

Languages

Main article: Languages of the Philippines

According to Ethnologue, there are more than 170 languages spoken in the country. In Philippines there are over 170 languages almost all of them belong to the Austronesian language family. Ethnologue Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics a Christian English and Filipino are the official languages, with their portmanteau "Taglish" as a lingua franca, and many other major regional languages also serve as working languages where English or Filipino is not as entrenched. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Filipino is the national and an Official language of the Philippines as designated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Taglish is a Portmanteau of the words "Tagalog" and "English" which refers to the Philippine language Tagalog (or its standardized A lingua franca (from Italian, literally meaning Frankish language, see etymology under Sabir and Italian below is any Language widely Ilokano, for example, is widely spoken as a second language in Northern Luzon. To view the Ilokano edition of this Wikipedia article select from the in other languages section to the side of this page The Cebuano is considered the lingua franca of Visayas and Mindanao. "Cebuano" redirects here For the inhabitants of Cebu see Cebuano people Cebuano (Cebuano Sinugbuanon, "language Filipino, the national language, is heavily based on Tagalog, with only minor contributions from other dialects in the country. Filipino is the national and an Official language of the Philippines as designated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution. A national language is a Language (or language variant, ie Dialect) which has some connection - de facto or de jure - with Tagalog is one of the major languages used in the Philippines.

The Filipino language is ever expanding, assimilating terminologies from various sources both national and foreign. For instance, terms used only by, say, the Bisaya (from southern Bicol, the Visayas island group, and north Mindanao) which were not generally used 20 years ago have become part of the everyday Filipino lexicon.

Other major languages include Hiligaynon, Waray, Kapampangan, Bikol, Pangasinan, Tausug, Maguindanao, Maranao, Chabacano, Kinaray-a, kan-kan-a-ey| benguet and many others. Hiligaynon (or " Ilonggo " is an Austronesian language spoken in Western Visayas in the Philippines. Wáray-Wáray or Waráy (commonly spelled as Waray; also referred to as Winaray or L(ineyte-Samarnon) is a language spoken in the provinces Kapampangan is one of the major Languages of the Philippines. For the macrolanguage Bikol see Bikol languages. Bikol refers to Central Bicolano (also known as Bikol Central The Pangasinan language (Pangasinan salitan Pangasinan; Spanish: idioma pangasinense, sometimes called Panggalatok belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian Tausūg (Tausūg Bahasa Sūg, Malay: Bahasa Suluk) is a Visayan language spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines Maguindanaon is an Austronesian language spoken by majority of the population of Maguindanao Province in the Philippines. Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines. Chavacano (as a proper noun and a derivative of the Spanish adjective " chabacano " and as it is generally accepted in literature the broadcast media Kinaray-a is an Austronesian language spoken mainly in Antique Province in the Philippines. Igorot ( pronounced) name for the people of the Cordillera region in the Philippines island of Luzon.

Diaspora

Main article: Overseas Filipino

Filipinos form the largest ethnic group in the Northern Marianas Islands, the second largest in both Palau and Guam, and the second largest Asian American group in the United States. An Overseas Filipino is a person of Philippine origin who lives outside of the Philippines. The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI is a commonwealth in Political union with the United Palau, officially the Republic of Palau (Beluu er a Belau is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean, some 500 miles (800  km) east Guam ( Chamorro: cha Guåhån) officially the Territory of Guam, is an island in the western Pacific Ocean and is an organized unincorporated Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian The United States of America —commonly referred to as the They also form significant minorities in Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, Israel, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, Spain, France and Germany.

Filipinos in the Americas

The arrival of Filipinos in the Americas began during the Spanish colonial era. At that time, many Filipino men were hired as sailors to man ships bound for the "New World". Upon arrival, many sailors mutinied, others settled there after marrying locals.

However, Filipino migration only began in the mid-1800s, beginning with the United States. In 1903, "pensionados" arrived there as students in colleges and universities. Starting in 1906, Filipinos were hired as laborers for plantations, farms, salmon canneries, and the like. In the post-World War II era, Filipino nurses and other health care workers began immigrating. Filipinas comprise a large portion of women who come to the U. S. via international marriage agencies^[12]. An international marriage agency, also called international introduction agency is a business that endeavors to introduce men and women of different countries for the purpose Many of the Filipinos who settled in the United States during the Martial Law are Spanish Filipino mestizo families whose businesses were taken over by the government. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Martial law is the system of rules that takes effect when the military takes control of the normal administration of justice Spanish settlement in the Philippines first took place in the late 16th century during the Spanish colonial period of the islands

Filipinos remain one of the largest immigrant group to date with 80,000 people migrating per annum. About 75% consist of family sponsorship or immediate relatives of American citizens while the remainder is employment-oriented. A majority of this number prefer to live in California, followed by Hawaii, Illinois, New York, New Jersey, Washington, Florida, Louisiana, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, Alaska, Maryland and Virginia. Tagalog, on which Filipino is primarily based, is the fifth most common language spoken by Americans at home.

There is also a significant population of Filipinos in Canada, mostly belonging to Chinese Filipino ancestry. A Chinese Filipino ( Hokkien: Huâ-hui; Cantonese: Wàhfèi; Tagalog / Filipino: "Tsinoy" ( derived from

Filipinos in Oceania

Filipinos have been settled in the islands of Oceania, particularly in Micronesia. Micronesia, from the Greek mikros (μικρός (meaning small) and nesos (νῆσος (meaning island) is a Subregion Also, the vast majority of Filipino exiled patriots were sent to Oceania. As a result, they now form the largest ethnic group in the Northern Marianas Islands, as well as the second largest in both Palau and Guam. The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI is a commonwealth in Political union with the United Palau, officially the Republic of Palau (Beluu er a Belau is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean, some 500 miles (800  km) east Guam ( Chamorro: cha Guåhån) officially the Territory of Guam, is an island in the western Pacific Ocean and is an organized unincorporated To this day, about five in ten Northern Marianas islanders have a direct Filipino ancestor.

There is also a sizeable Filipino minority in Australia, primarily settling in Sydney and New South Wales. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 They form roughly 1% of the Australian population, although this proportion is highly debated because of the number of Filipinos indicating Spanish as their ancestry.

See also

Tagalog Filipino mestizo Chinese Filipino Filipinos of Japanese descent Filipinos of Spanish descent South Asians in the Philippines Bangsamoro Ibanag people

Overseas Filipino Filipino American Filipino Australian Filipino British Filipino Canadian Filipinos in Hong Kong Philippine nationality law Pinoy Women in the Philippines Homosexuality in the Philippines

References

• Peter Bellwood (July 1991). "The Austronesian Dispersal and the Origin of Languages". Scientific American 265: 88–93.  
• Bellwood, Peter; Fox, James; & Tryon, Darrell (1995). The Austronesians: Historical and comparative perspectives. Department of Anthropology, Australian National University. ISBN 0-7315-2132-3.  
• Peter Bellwood (1998). "Taiwan and the Prehistory of the Austronesians-speaking Peoples". Review of Archaeology 18: 39–48.  
• Peter Bellwood & Alicia Sanchez-Mazas (June 2005). "Human Migrations in Continental East Asia and Taiwan: Genetic, Linguistic, and Archaeological Evidence". Current Anthropology 46:3: 480–485.  
• David Blundell. "Austronesian Disperal". Newsletter of Chinese Ethnology 35: 1–26.  
• Robert Blust (1985). "The Austronesian Homeland: A Linguistic Perspective". Asian Perspectives 20: 46–67.  
• Peter Fuller (2002). Asia Pacific Research. Reading the Full Picture. Canberra, Australia: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies. Retrieved on July 28, 2005. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Homepage of linguist Dr. Lawrence Reid. Retrieved on July 28, 2005. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Malcolm Ross & Andrew Pawley (1993). Andrew Kenneth Pawley (born 1941 is Head of the Department of Linguistics at the Australian National University, Australia. "Austronesian historical linguistics and culture history". Annual Review of Anthropology 22: 425–459. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.22.100193.002233. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
• John Edward Terrell (Dec. 2004). "Introduction: 'Austronesia' and the great Austronesian migration". World Archaeology 36:4: 586–591.  
• ^a ARE - Jose N. Franco Jr. "Jan-Feb 2007 remittances by Filipinos in Dubai grow 96pc", Khaleej Tomes, 28 April 2007. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Retrieved on 2007-05-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of  .
• ^a AUS - Year Book Australia, 2007 Contents >> Population >> Country of birth. Australia Bureau of Statistics (2007). Retrieved on 2007-08-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. .
• ^a CAN - Population by Ethnic Origin. Asia pacific foundation of Canada. Retrieved on 2007-05-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen .
• ^a GWM - Country Profile: Guam - People. CIA Factbook. The World Factbook ( ISSN; also known as the CIA World Factbook) is an annual publication of the Central Intelligence Agency of the Retrieved on 2007-05-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. .
• ^a HKG - Hong Kong Yearbook 2005 - population. Central Statistics Office (2005). Retrieved on 2007-04-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
• ^a IRL - Principal Stastics of Ireland by nationality. Retrieved on 2007-04-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
• ^a ITA - Lawrence Casiraya. Microsoft training centers cater to 200,000 OFWs in Italy. Inquirer. net. Retrieved on 2007-08-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures .
• ^a JPN - "Undocumented Filipinos cross the great divide in Japan", Philippines Today. Retrieved on 2007-05-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of  .
• ^a LBN - Maila Ager. "'Standby fund’ for OFWS in Lebanon gets House committee nod", Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 3, 2006. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-05-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of  .
• ^a NZL - "QuickStats About Culture and Identity", Statistics New Zealand Tatauranga Aoteroa, August 3, 2006. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-05-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre.  .
• ^a ROK - "Secretary Albert Assures Filipinos in Korea of Continued Government Protection for Their Interests", Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs, August 3, 2006. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-05-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre.  .
• ^a SAU - International Religious Freedom Report 2005 - Saudi Arabia. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U. S. Department of State (2005). Retrieved on 2007-05-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of .
• ^a TWN - Alien Workers in Taiwan-Fukien Area by Industry and Nationality (JPG and PDF format), 2006 February, CLA, Taiwan. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia.
• USA
  • ^a1 Selected Population Profile in the United States - Population Group: Filipino alone or in any combination. U. S. Census Bureau (2005). Retrieved on 2007-05-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of  “Population Group: Filipino alone or in any combination: 2,807,731”.
  • ^b1 Background Note: Philippines. U. S. Department of State, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs (May 2007). Retrieved on 2007-09-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.  “There are an estimated four million Americans of Philippine ancestry in the United States, and more than 250,000 American citizens in the Philippines. ”

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