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A field goal (formerly "goal from the field") in U.S. football and Canadian football is a goal that may be scored during general play ("from the field"). American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with In accordance with the Manual of Style (see) Canadian English is used throughout this article (see Canadian_English#Spelling) Goal refers to a method of scoring in many sports It can also refer to the physical structure or area of the playing surface in which a score is made

Execution of a field goal
Execution of a field goal

A field goal may be scored by a placekick or the very rare drop kick. A field goal (formerly "goal from the field" in US football and Canadian football is a goal that may be scored during general play ("from The ball must pass "through the uprights", that is, over a crossbar that is 10 feet off the ground and between upright posts that are 18 feet 6 inches (5. 55 m) apart, to count, and the kick must not be a kickoff or a free kick following a safety. A field goal can still be good even if the ball hits an upright or the crossbar. The rules of the particular sanctioning authority may impose additional requirements. A successful field goal scores three points.


Contents

Upright dimensions

Field goals are measured with the height as distance from the crossbar to the ground and the width as the distance between the two upright poles.

The standard upright dimensions are:

Strategy

Because a field goal is worth only three points, while a touchdown scores six (usually seven with the PAT), teams will generally only attempt a field goal in the following situations:

Except in desperate situations, a team will generally attempt a field goal only when keeping a drive alive is unlikely, and their kicker has a significant chance of success, as a missed field goal results in a turnover at the spot of the kick (in the NFL; in the NCAA it's at the spot of the snap). Even under ideal conditions, the best kickers in the NFL have difficulty making kicks longer than 50 yards consistently (the NFL record is 63 yards and the CFL record, 62 yards). A yard (abbreviation yd) is a unit of Length in several different systems including English units Imperial units and United If a team chooses not to attempt a field goal on fourth down (third in Canada), it can punt to the other team. A punt in some codes of football especially American football and Rugby football, is performed when the ball is A punt can't score any points in American football (though it can result in a single in Canadian football), but it may push the other team back toward its own end. A single ( single point, rouge or UNO) in Canadian football, is awarded when the ball is kicked into the end zone by any legal means other than

How field goals are kicked

When a team decides to kick a field goal, it will generally line up in a very tight formation, with all but two players lined up on or near the line of scrimmage: the placekicker and the holder. Placekicker, or simply kicker ( PK or K) is the title of the player in American and Canadian football who is responsible for the The holder is usually the team's punter or backup quarterback. A punter ( P) in American or Canadian football is a Special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and Quarterback ( QB) is a position in American and Canadian football. Instead of the regular center, a team may have a dedicated long snapper trained especially to snap the ball on placekick attempts and punts. Center ( C) is a position in American football and Canadian football ( spelled centre in Canadian English) In American football and Canadian football, the term long snapper refers to a player who is a specialized center (though he could also be a tackle guard

The defense will likewise line up all or nearly all of its players near the line of scrimmage to try to block the kick. The defense can only try to block the kick at the line; it cannot attempt to bat down a field-goal attempt at the uprights like a goalie.

The holder usually lines up 8 yards behind the line of scrimmage, with the kicker a few yards behind him. Upon receiving the snap, the holder holds the ball against the ground lengthwise, with the stitches away from the kicker. The kicker begins his approach during the snap, so the snapper and holder have little margin for error. A split-second mistake can throw everything off.

Missed and blocked field goals

The Fresno State Bulldogs block a Texas A&M field goal attempt
The Fresno State Bulldogs block a Texas A&M field goal attempt

In the NFL, missed field goals attempted from the 20-yard line or closer result in the opposing team taking possession at the 20-yard line. History Football was first played on the Fresno campus in 1921 and for its first year it played as an independent The Texas A&M Aggies football team represents Texas A&M University in Division I FBS College football. Missed field goals attempted from beyond the 20-yard line result in the opposing team taking possession at the spot of the kick. Until 1994, the opposing team would take position at the line of scrimmage, unless the kick was made from inside the 20.

Prior to the 1974 season, missed field goals resulted in the opposing team gaining possession at the line of scrimmage or the 20-yard line, whichever was closer to the goalpost.

Under NHFS (High School) rules a field goal attempt is no different than any other scrimmage kick (punt, drop kick). If the field goal attempt is no good and becomes dead in the end zone it is a touch back. If the ball becomes dead on the field the defensive team will next put the ball in play from that point.

The opposing team may also catch a missed field goal and attempt to return it. This is only rarely performed, as on average the opposing team would not be able to return the ball to the spot of the kick. However, it is occasionally done, particularly when a very long kick is attempted at the end of the first half. On November 4th 2007, Antonio Cromartie of the San Diego Chargers returned a missed field-goal from Ryan Longwell (Minnesota Vikings) for 109 yards and a touchdown, the longest play in NFL history. Antonio Cromartie (born April 15, 1984 in Tallahassee Florida) is an American football Cornerback for the San Diego Chargers The San Diego Chargers are a professional American football team based in San Diego California. Ryan Walker Longwell (born August 16, 1974) is an American football Placekicker for the Minnesota Vikings in the National Football The Minnesota Vikings are a professional American football team based out of Minneapolis Minnesota. (Three of the four longest plays in NFL history are returns of missed field goals for touchdowns. )

In the NCAA, the opposing team takes possession at the line of scrimmage rather than at the spot of the kick.

In American football, a missed field goal is said to be "no good". If it misses to the kicker's left it may be called "wide left" and conversely "wide right" if it misses to the kicker's right. It may also be described as being "short" if it is aimed correctly but does not have the distance to go through the uprights.

In Canadian football, the opposing team must return the missed field goal. In accordance with the Manual of Style (see) Canadian English is used throughout this article (see Canadian_English#Spelling) If they do not, or if the missed field goal goes through the end zone, then the kicking team scores a single point, also called a "rouge". A single ( single point, rouge or UNO) in Canadian football, is awarded when the ball is kicked into the end zone by any legal means other than This may occasionally lead to situations at the end of a close game where the team on defense stations a player behind the goal posts to kick the ball out of the end zone in case of a missed field-goal attempt to preserve a victory or tie.

Occasionally (about once in 40 field-goal attempts in the NFL), the defense will succeed in blocking a field goal. If a blocked field goal is in or behind the neutral zone, it is treated like a fumble and can be advanced by either team. Fumblespng|300px|right|thumb|The rate of fumbles by running backs in the NFL has decreased steadily since the AFL-NFL merger. Beyond the neutral zone, a blocked kick is treated like a punt or missed field goal and can only be advanced by the defense.

Kicking styles

There are several styles kickers have used for kicking field goals over the years. The soccer style is the most widely used kicking style in football today.

Soccer style

"Soccer style" gets its name from the game of soccer and the manner in which soccer players kick a ball. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered A soccer style field goal kicker kicks the ball with the instep of his foot and approach the ball from an angle. Typically a kicker will take 3 steps straight back and 2 side steps to the left (if right footed). This will put them in the proper position for approaching the ball. Some kickers, such as Adam Vinatieri, start farther to the side and facing away from the line, then proceed to "swing" their body around, almost in a semicircle motion, kicking the ball in with the same final motion. Adam Matthew Vinatieri (Vin-a-terry (born December 28 1972 in Yankton, South Dakota) is an American football Placekicker currently playing

Soccer style is the most widely used in American football today. In this style the ball is normally thrown backwards to a holder standing about 9 yards from the line of scrimmage. In American and Canadian football a line of scrimmage is an imaginary transverse line crossing the football field across its narrower dimension beyond It was formerly 7 yards, but the rule was changed during the off-season preceding the 2007–2008 season to prevent kickers from making field goals from such great distances. The length of the field goal recorded is thus normally around 19 yards more than the distance to the end zone, the last 10 yards being the end zone itself. The end zone is a term used in both Canadian football and American football.

Popularized by Pete Gogolak, soccer-style kicking has greatly improved placekickers' accuracy. Peter Kornel Gogolak (born April 18, 1942 in Budapest Hungary) is a retired American football Placekicker in the NFL for Hall of Fame kicker Lou "The Toe" Groza made only 58% of his field-goal attempts; today's best kickers make nearly 80% of their attempts. The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the Hall of fame of the National Football League (NFL Louis Roy Groza ( January 25, 1924 - November 29, 2000) was an American football Placekicker who played his entire

Straight-ahead style

In the "straight-ahead" or "straight-on" style, the kicker takes several steps back and kicks the ball with the toe of his shoe. This style was widely used until the soccer style took over beginning in the early 1960s.

Unlike the soccer-style, the straight-ahead style requires the use of a special shoe that has a flattened toe and is reinforced to be extremely rigid. Additionally, some kickers wore a kicking shoe that was one or even two sizes smaller than normal. Hall of Famer George Blanda, a straight-ahead kicker who also played quarterback, wore a modified shoe that allowed him to play both positions without changing shoes. George "The Fossil" Blanda (born September 17 1927, Youngwood Pennsylvania) is a former American football Placekicker and Quarterback ( QB) is a position in American and Canadian football. However, many modern kickers (the "soccer-style" term has all but disappeared) use a shoe that features a smooth contact surface.

Mark Moseley was the last full-time straight-ahead place kicker in the NFL, retiring after the 1986 season. Mark DeWayne Moseley (born March 12, 1948 in Laneville, Texas) is a former professional American football Placekicker in Mosely was also among the best kickers of any style, having been the only NFL kicker to ever be named league MVP. Steve Cox kicked the last straight-ahead field goal in the NFL in 1987. Stephen Everett Cox (born on May 11, 1958 in Shreveport, Louisiana) is a former American football punter and Placekicker Cox was a punter who also kicked off and occasionally kicked long field goals.

Drop kick

A drop kick is made when the kicker drops the ball and then kicks it when it bounces off the ground. A drop kick is a type of kick in various codes of Football. It involves someone dropping a ball and then kicking it when it bounces off the ground This kick was popular in the early 1900s. However, the modern American football is more pointed on both ends, making the bounce less reliable. The main advantages of the drop kick are that 1) the kicking team gains an additional blocker and 2) there is one less person (the holder) who has to do their job perfectly to succeed. Because the advantage of an extra blocker is minimal and professional teams practice their special teams so frequently (meaning the holds are usually good), drop kicks are rarely seen because only straight-on kickers can do it for the most part.

The last successful drop kick in the NFL was made on January 1, 2006 by New England Patriots quarterback Doug Flutie for an extra point. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The New England Patriots, commonly called the " Pats " by sports writers and fans are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston Douglas Richard Flutie (born October 23, 1962) is a retired American football and Canadian football Quarterback. It was the first time in 64 years that a drop kick was converted for an extra point in the NFL.

The last successful drop-kick extra point in the NCAA was by Aaron Fitzgerald of the University of LaVerne on November 10, 1990 against Claremont-Mudd-Scripps. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations The University of La Verne is a private doctoral research university in La Verne California (about 35 miles east of Los Angeles) founded in 1891 Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) [1]

History

In the early days of football, kicking was highly emphasized.

Field-goal records

Most field goals in a game

National Football League

8: Rob Bironas, Tennessee Titans (W 38–36) vs. James Robert Douglas Bironas (born January 29, 1978 in Louisville Kentucky) is an American football Placekicker for the Tennessee The Tennessee Titans are a professional American football team based in Nashville Tennessee. Houston Texans, October 21, 2007. The Houston Texans is a professional American football team based in Houston, Texas.

Longest field goals

Canadian Football League

Arena Football League

Collegiate

Tony Franklin is the only kicker with 2 field goals over 60 yards in the same game. Russell Erxleben kicked 3 field goals over 60 yards in 1977, an NCAA record. Russell Erxleben (born January 13, 1957 in Seguin Texas) is a former American football player and currency investor

Scott Lewis attempted the longest field goal in football history, 72 yards, Arizona State vs USC, October 4, 1980. Kevin Butler attempted a 72 yard field goal, Georgia vs. Florida State, 1984 Citrus Bowl. The Florida Citrus Bowl (formerly Orlando Stadium, Tangerine Bowl and the Citrus Bowl) is a Stadium in Orlando Florida,

High school

Famous field goals and missed attempts

Four-point field goals

NFL Europe experimented with a rule that awarded four points for any field goal kicked 50 yards or more. NFL Europa was an American football league which operated in Europe from 1991 until 2007. Thus, the forty-yard line was analogous to basketball's three point line and Australian rules football's Super Goal. A three-point field goal (also known as three-pointer, three-point shot, trey, or simply three) is a field goal in a Basketball A Super Goal is an innovation used in the Australian Football League 's pre-season competition in the sport of Australian rules football.

In Arena Football, a field goal scored by drop kick is worth four points. This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name

The American Indoor Football League offers four points for kicking a three-point field goal and then immediately kicking the goal through the uprights on the ensuing kickoff for a single. A single ( single point, rouge or UNO) in Canadian football, is awarded when the ball is kicked into the end zone by any legal means other than

References

  1. ^ http://www.asuindians.com/pdf3/80548.pdf?ATCLID=1138306&SPID=2798&DB_OEM_ID=7200&SPSID=45847
  2. ^ NFLHS.com - News - Records

External links


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