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Bone: Fibula
Bones of lower extremity.
Figure 1 : Lower extremity of right fibula. Medial aspect.
Gray's subject #62 260
MeSH Fibula
For other uses see fibula (disambiguation)

The fibula or calf bone is a bone located on the lateral side of the tibia, with which it is connected above and below. Introduction ( classes Long bones body or Diaphysis Medullary canal Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Bones are rigid organs that form part of the Endoskeleton of Vertebrates They function to move support and protect the various organs of the body produce The tibia, shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two Bones in the Leg below the Knee in vertebrates and connects It is the smaller of the two bones, and, in proportion to its length, the most slender of all the long bones. Its upper extremity is small, placed toward the back of the head of the tibia, below the level of the knee-joint, and excluded from the formation of this joint. The knee is the lower extremity Joint connecting the Femur, Patella, and the Tibia. Its lower extremity inclines a little forward, so as to be on a plane anterior to that of the upper end; it projects below the tibia, and forms the lateral part of the ankle-joint.

Contents

Components

The bone has the following components:

Blood supply

The blood supply is important for planning free tissue transfer because the fibula is commonly used to reconstruct the mandible. Microsurgery is a general term for Surgery requiring an operating Microscope. The mandible (from Latin mandibula, "jawbone" or inferior maxillary bone forms the lower Jaw and holds the lower teeth in place The shaft is supplied in its middle third by a large nutrient vessel from the peroneal artery. It is also perfused from its periosteum which receives many small branches from the peroneal artery. Periosteum is a Membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of Long bones. The proximal head and the epiphysis are supplied by a branch of the anterior tibial artery. Epiphysis is the name for a rounded end of a long Bone. The epiphysis is filled with red Bone marrow, which produces Erythrocytes, or red blood cells In harvesting the bone the middle third is always taken and the ends preserved (4cm proximally and 6cm distally)

Ossification

The fibula is ossified from three centers, one for the shaft, and one for either end. Ossification is the process of Bone formation in which connective tissues such as Cartilage are turned to bone or bone-like tissue Ossification begins in the body about the eighth week of fetal life, and extends toward the extremities. At birth the ends are cartilaginous. Cartilage is a type of dense Connective tissue. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix

Ossification commences in the lower end in the second year, and in the upper about the fourth year. The lower epiphysis, the first to ossify, unites with the body about the twentieth year; the upper epiphysis joins about the twenty-fifth year. Epiphysis is the name for a rounded end of a long Bone. The epiphysis is filled with red Bone marrow, which produces Erythrocytes, or red blood cells

See also

References

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. Bones are rigid organs that form part of the Endoskeleton of Vertebrates They function to move support and protect the various organs of the body produce In fields of Anatomy, anatomical terms of location are descriptive terms to help identify relative positions or directions within a species The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

Additional images

Knee diagram

Fibula

Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.

Bones of the right leg. Posterior surface.

Right knee-joint. Posterior view.

Right knee-joint, from the front, showing interior ligaments.

Left knee-joint from behind, showing interior ligaments.

Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Lateral aspect.

Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.

Capsule of left talocrura articulation (distended). Lateral aspect.

Coronal section through right talocrural and talocalcaneal joints.

Oblique section of left intertarsal and tarsometatarsal articulations, showing the synovial cavities.

Cross-section through middle of leg.

External links

The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind

Dictionary

fibula

-noun

  1. (anatomy) The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, the calf bone.
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