Fertility medication may in a larger sense include any medication that enhances fertility. Fertility is the natural capability of giving life As a measure "Fertility Rate" is the number of children born per couple person or population It is a variant of assisted reproductive technology. Assisted reproductive technology ( ART) is a general term referring to methods used to achieve Pregnancy by artificial or partially artificial means Almost all concern female infertility, and therefore, in a specific sense, fertility medication is almost synonymous with agents that stimulate follicle development of the ovary. Ovarian follicle is the basic unit of female reproductive biology and is composed of a roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the Ovary. "Ovaria" redirects here This is also a proposed section and a Synonym of Solanum. For males, on the other hand, there is a very sparse arsenal of fertility medication.
Agents that enhance ovarian activity can be classified as either Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Estrogen antagonists or Gonadotropins. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GNRH) also known as Luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone ( LHRH) is a tropic Peptide Hormone Estrogens (US otherwise oestrogens or œstrogens) are a group of Steroid compounds named for their importance in the Estrous cycle, An antagonist (from Greek ανταγωνιστής - antagonistes, "opponent competitor rival" is a character or Gonadotropins are Protein Hormones secreted by Gonadotrope cells of the Pituitary gland of Vertebrates Gonadotropin is sometimes
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Female
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Either Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) itself or any of its agonist may be used. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GNRH) also known as Luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone ( LHRH) is a tropic Peptide Hormone GnRH releases gonadotropins from the hypothalamus in the body. GnRH agonists includes i. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist ( GnRH agonist) is a synthetic Peptide modeled after the hypothalamic Neurohormone GnRH that interacts e. Lupron.
Estrogen antagonists
Fertility medication inhibiting the effects of estrogen includes Clomiphene citrate and Aromatase inhibitors. Estrogens (US otherwise oestrogens or œstrogens) are a group of Steroid compounds named for their importance in the Estrous cycle, Clomifene ( INN) or clomiphene ( USAN and former BAN) or Clomid or Clomifert is a Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM Aromatase inhibitors ( AI) are a class of drugs used in the treatment of Breast cancer and Ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women that
Clomiphene citrate
Clomiphene citrate is a SERM. Clomifene ( INN) or clomiphene ( USAN and former BAN) or Clomid or Clomifert is a Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators ( SERMs) are a class of Medication that acts on the Estrogen receptor. It inhibits the negative feedback of estrogen and therefore stimulates ovulation.
Aromatase inhibitors
Although primarily a breast cancer treatment, aromatase inhibitors can also work as fertility medication, probably by a mechanism similar to clomiphene citrate. Aromatase inhibitors ( AI) are a class of drugs used in the treatment of Breast cancer and Ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women that
Gonadotropins
Gonadotropins are the hormones in the body that normally stimulate the gonads (testes and ovaries). Gonadotropins are Protein Hormones secreted by Gonadotrope cells of the Pituitary gland of Vertebrates Gonadotropin is sometimes The gonad is the organ that makes Gametes The gonads in males are the Testes and the gonads in Females are the Ovaries. For medication, they can be extracted from urine or by genetic modification.
Menotropins
Menotropins are urinary gonadotropins, i. Menotropin is an active substance for the treatment of Fertility disturbances. e. they are extracted from the urine.
Recombinant gonadotropins
Recombinant gonadotropins are gonadotropins created by inserting the DNA coding it into bacteriae. The bacterial DNA is then called Recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is a form of synthetic DNA that is engineered through the combination or insertion of one or more DNA strands thereby combining DNA sequences Examples of recombinant FSH are Follistim and Gonal F, while Luveris is a recombinant LH.
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is normally produced during pregnancy. Human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG) is a Glycoprotein Hormone produced in Pregnancy that is made by the Embryo soon after conception However, it can also replace LH as a fertility medication.
Other
hMG is a medication containing FSH. Follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH) is a Hormone synthesized and secreted by Gonadotropes in the Anterior pituitary gland. [1]
Male
There is no effective medication to treat oligospermia[2], so other assisted reproductive technology need to be used. Oligospermia stands for low semen volume and is often mistaken for Oligozoospermia, which means few "animals" (spermatozoa in semen - a medical Symptom Assisted reproductive technology ( ART) is a general term referring to methods used to achieve Pregnancy by artificial or partially artificial means
ProXeed is a medication claimed by the manufactors[3] to enhance sperm count, and thus to be a treatment of oligospermia. Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease A semen analysis evaluates certain characteristics of a man's Semen and the sperm contained in the semen Oligospermia stands for low semen volume and is often mistaken for Oligozoospermia, which means few "animals" (spermatozoa in semen - a medical Symptom However, there is little rational basis for such an effect[2].
Adverse effects
Estrogen antagonists and gonadotropins may stimulate multiple follicles and other ovarian hormones leading to multiple birth and possible ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. A multiple birth occurs when more than one Fetus is carried to term in a single Pregnancy. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ( OHSS) is a complication from some forms of Fertility medication.
See also
Manufacturers:
- * Ferring Pharmaceuticals
- Organon International
- EMD Serono
References
Ferring Pharmaceuticals is a Pharmaceutical company that specializes on the development and marketing of Peptides for use in Human Medicine. Organon is a human pharmaceutical company headquartered in Oss, Netherlands.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic