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This article refers to Ferrol, Galicia. For other uses, see Ferrol (disambiguation).
City & Naval Station of Ferrol
El Miguel de Cervantes in El Ferrol - 1943
Location in Galicia, Spain and Europe
Coordinates :
43°28′N, 8°15′W		 Time zone :
UTC+1/SummerUTC+2
Flag Coat of arms
Flag of Ferrol
Escudo Ferrol
Settlement History
Fishing Village 1st century BC - Roman Empire
Christian Outpost 8th century - House of Asturias
Royal Arsenal 16th century - House of Austria
Royal Dockyard 18th century - House of Bourbon
Maritime Department Capital
Vickers Shipyard 20th century - House of Bourbon
Outer-Port 21st century - House of Bourbon
Basic information
Area 81. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Castro culture ( cultura castreja in Portuguese, cultura castrexa in Galician and cultura castreña in Spanish, The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Early Middle Ages is a period in the History of Europe following the fall of the Western Roman Empire spanning roughly five centuries from AD 500 The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Alfonso I (more rarely Alonso) called the Catholic ( el Católico) was the King of Asturias from 739 to his death in 757 See also Woolwich Arsenal railway station, Arsenal FC The Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, originally known as the Woolwich Warren Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1516-1700 when this country was ruled by the Habsburg dynasty (also associated to Dockyards of the Royal Navy are harbours where either commissioned ships are based or where ships are overhauled and refitted The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Structure of the Spanish Navy in the New Millennium - From the early years of the new century the structure of the Spanish Navy has changed and under the new structure the Vickers-Armstrongs Limited was a British engineering conglomerate formed by the merger of the assets of Vickers Limited and Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Company in The twentieth century of the Common Era began on The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in a container or Vehicle, using multiple modes of Transportation ( The 21st century is the current century of the Christian Era or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 9  km² City
19,214   km² Metrop. Area
Population 241,528 Ferrolterra (04/2005)
77,859 Ferrol City Centre
163,669 Ferrol Borough Region
241,528 Ferrol Metropolitan Area
Density 942. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 06/km²
Ferrolterra Ferrol, Eume & Ortegal
Government
NUTS-Code ES4
Country Spain
Region Galicia
Subdivisions 21 Boroughs
Governing Mayor Vicente Irisarri since 2007
Governing Parties PSOE / IU
Website http://www.ferrol-concello.es

Ferrol is an Atlantic-facing city in the Province of A Coruña in Galicia in north-western Spain. This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. Ferrol is a Comarca in the Galician Province of A Coruña. The overall population of this local region is 163669 ( 2005) O Eume is a Comarca in the Galician Province of A Coruña. The overall population of this local region is 27760 ( 2005) Ortegal is a Comarca in the Galician Province of A Coruña. The overall population of this local region is 15810 ( 2005) The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. Galicia (occasionally Galiza) is an autonomous community in northwest Spain. Country subdivision refers to the division of a Country 's territory for the sake of its administration, description or other such purpose This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. Parties In The Running For The 2008 Elections (Numbered according to electoral number 1 The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is Parties In The Running For The 2008 Elections (Numbered according to electoral number 1 The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is United Left ( Izquierda Unida) is a political coalition that was organized in 1986 during the mobilizations in Spain against NATO. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages TemplateInfobox Province Spain --> International airports and helicopter airfields Aeroporto de Lavacolla in Santiago de Compostela Galicia (occasionally Galiza) is an autonomous community in northwest Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Today, is best known for the Navantia shipbuilding yards and for having been the capital of the Spanish Navy's Maritime Department of the North since the time of the early Bourbons of Spain. Navantia (Established in 2005) formerly Bazán or IZAR, has become Spain 's leading State-owned Shipbuilding firm offering Structure of the Spanish Navy in the New Millennium - From the early years of the new century the structure of the Spanish Navy has changed and under the new structure the The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Before that, in the 17th century, Ferrol was the most important arsenal in Europe. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. An arsenal is an establishment for the construction repair storage and issue of Weapons and Ammunition. The enormous cranes, to foot of the sea, are part of the landscape of Ferrol for many years. Because the native of Ferrol if of something they know, it is of building ships. That has been their main activity from half-filled of the XVII century and it is noticed there by the quantity of big built ships. The city was the birthplace of the Spanish General Francisco Franco in 1892, and was officially known as El Ferrol del Caudillo from 1938 to 1982. Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) It was also the birth place of the founder of the Spanish socialist party PSOE, Pablo Iglesias, in 1850. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is Pablo Iglesias Posse ( October 18, 1850, Ferrol, Galicia - December 9, 1925, Madrid) led the Spanish socialist For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link Ferrol has a population of 77,859 and its metropolitan area (i. e. , the urban area plus all the satellite towns known as Ferrolterra) has a population of over 241,528 (2007). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Contents

Ferrol

(Classification of the Outer and Inner Ports of Ferrol)

Note: For those who want to read further about the, non-military, "Ferrol-San Cibrao Port Authority" which covers a substantial part of the Galician coast including all its ports and lighthouses from San Cibrao to Ferrol, it is advisable to visit the external official link which follows: (English) [4]

History

In Roman times a fishing port existed in the area of Ferrol during the 1st century BC. Rias Altas (also called "Upper Rias" is the northernmost of three sections of A Costa do Marisco (the Seafood Coast in Galicia, Spain. San Cibrao (the name is Galician; it is also known by the Spanish-language San Ciprián) is an industrial and fishing town After the fall of Rome the whole Iberian peninsula, including Ferrol, was occupied by the Vandals and then the Visigoths. After the 8th century AD Arab invasion, Ferrol was a Christian outpost north of the Islamic Emirate of Spain. In the 14th century Henry II gave the town to the powerful Andrade family. Henry II ( January 13, 1334 Sevilla - May 29, 1379 Santo Domingo de la Calzada) better known as Henry of Trastámara Originally the name Andrade (sometimes Andrada) could have come from any of numerous places of the same name in Galicia or northern Portugal [5]

The Spanish Armada (1588)
The Spanish Armada (1588)

During the reign of Phillip II parts of the existing fortifications at the entrance of the estuary were built; some of these still exist today as they were in the late-16th century, when the Spanish Armada sought refuge locally, to protect themselves from the rough Atlantic waters they encountered, when they were on their military mission to persuade the English to return to the Catholic faith. The Spanish Armada ( Spanish: Grande y Felicísima Armada, "Great and Most Fortunate Navy" or Armada Invencible, "Invincible Philip II (Felipe II de España Filipe I ( May 21, 1527 &ndash September 13 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until 1598 An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open The Spanish Armada ( Spanish: Grande y Felicísima Armada, "Great and Most Fortunate Navy" or Armada Invencible, "Invincible At that time the town was considered more important as a Royal Arsenal than as a safe harbour. See also Woolwich Arsenal railway station, Arsenal FC The Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, originally known as the Woolwich Warren [6]

With the arrival of the Bourbons in the 18th century, the City and Port of Ferrol became a leading naval centre, and for the first time, the immense strategic importance of the port was appreciated. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Ferrol was made Capital of the Maritime Department of the North, formed under Ferdinand VI and Charles III for the defence of the Spanish Colonial Empire in America. Structure of the Spanish Navy in the New Millennium - From the early years of the new century the structure of the Spanish Navy has changed and under the new structure the Ferdinand VI, ( September 23, 1713 &ndash August 10, 1759) King of Spain from 1746 until his death second son of Philip Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere. Rapid and well-planned improvements followed, and the position of Ferrol was made almost unassailable from the sea, the difficulties of disembarking troops on its precipitous coast being heightened by a renewed line of fortresses and newly built castles, including San Carlos.

The Royal Dockyards of A Graña and Ferrol, were built between 1726-1783 and produced ships protected with copper sheets from the rolling mills of Xubia. Dockyards of the Royal Navy are harbours where either commissioned ships are based or where ships are overhauled and refitted A Graña (also La Graña is a Naval Station (also Submarines, shipyard and town half a mile by sea from the Naval Station of Ferrol in North-western Year 1726 ( MDCCXXVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1783 ( MDCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or [7] In 1772, The Spanish Royal Academy of Naval Engineers of Ferrol was created -- the first such academy in Spain. Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Naval Engineers The Spanish Royal Academy of In 1772 during the reign Charles III of Spain it was created in Ferrol the First Royal Academy of Naval Engineers Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

Ferrol was virtually impossible to blockade in the age of sail, as strong westerly winds would take any blockading force away along the treacherous north coast of Spain where they had no safe haven. A blockade is any effort to prevent supplies Troops information or aid from reaching an opposing force The geography of Ferrol meant that an entire Spanish fleet could slip out on a single tide. By the time the British were able to resume the blockade, the Spanish would be safely away and out to sea. (By contrast, British forces blockading Cadiz could seek refuge at Gibraltar, and those blockading the French naval port of Brest could seek refuge in Torbay. Cádiz ( Spanish:) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the province of the same name, a province which is one of eight Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar Brest (bʁɛst in French, in Breton) is a city in the Finistère department in Bretagne in northwestern France. Geography There are three main towns around the bay Torquay in the north Paignton in the centre and Brixham in the south which have become connected The British could then quickly return when the weather changed before too many of the blockaded ships had time to reach open water via the narrow channels).

Despite these advantages, a decline set during the reign of Charles IV, and in 1800, after the defences had been reduced, a British fleet of 109 vessels landed troops on the beach of Doniños to take the Castle of San Felipe. Charles IV ( November 11, 1748 - January 20, 1819) was King of Spain from December 14, 1788 until his abdication Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands This attack on Ferrol took place during the Napoleonic wars in Europe, when the Spaniards were expected to take side with the French, as they did in the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Battle of Trafalgar ( 21 October 1805) was a historic sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Although only equipped with meagre artillery, the castle's small defence force under the command of Count Donadio together with a sizable number of volunteer citizens of Ferrol, successfully resisted the attack and the fleet withdrew. Originally the name Andrade (sometimes Andrada) could have come from any of numerous places of the same name in Galicia or northern Portugal [8]

After the unsuccessful attempt to capture Ferrol in 1800, the British Prime Minister William Pitt said in the House of Commons that "If Great Britain had a naval station so easy to defend as Ferrol, due to its location, it would have been surrounded by a thick silver wall" [9]. Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 &ndash 23 January 1806 was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands

The alliance with England during the Peninsular War of 1808-14 failed to prevent the deterioration in the town’s fortunes. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence pitted an alliance of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal against France The arsenals and fortresses were abandoned and they were easily occupied by the French in 1809. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year [10] (The English author C. S. Forester (1899-1966) immortalized Ferrol in his Horatio Hornblower novels when he decided that this was the Naval Station where his imaginary Royal Navy Officer was taken as a prisoner of war when captured by the Spanish during the Napoleonic Wars). England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Cecil Scott Forester was the Pen name of Cecil Louis Troughton Smith ( August 27 1899 – April 2, 1966) an English Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Admiral of the Fleet Horatio Hornblower 1st Baron Hornblower, GCB, is a fictional protagonist of a series of Novels by C A naval dockyard is a Dockyard that primarily serves a Navy. See also Military base Royal Navy Dockyards The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service)

Under Ferdinand VII, Ferrol became a “dead” town, losing its title of capital. Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite New activities sprang up, however, in the mid-19th century, during the administration of the Marquis de Molina, Spanish Minister for Naval affairs, which included amongst other political successes the construction and launch in the Royal Dockyards of Ferrol, of Spain's first steam propelled ship in 1858. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The Marquis de Molina was Spanish Minister of Naval affairs, mid-19th century, reign of Isabella II of Spain counting amongst other political Chief of State King Juan Carlos I, since November 22 1975; Queen Sofia Prince of Asturias Felipe Dockyards of the Royal Navy are harbours where either commissioned ships are based or where ships are overhauled and refitted A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common

Ten years after the Spanish-American War of 1898 where the Spaniards lost Cuba and the Philippines, the Maura Government, in an attempt to restore the Spanish Navy and Spanish shipbuilding industry hired to the Spanish Society for Naval Construction (whose major investors were the British firms: John Brown, Vickers and Armstrong) the shipbuilding yards, workshops, foundries and dry docks in Ferrol. Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP From 1909 up until the Spanish Civil War, the naval construction in Spain was monopolized by the Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval - (SECN also Spanish John Brown and Company of Clydebank, West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, was a pre-eminent Shipbuilder, responsible for building many notable Vickers was a famous name in British engineering that existed through many companies from 1828 until 2004 See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a A workshop is a room or Building which provides both the area and Tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair A foundry is a Factory which produces Metal Castings from either Ferrous or non-ferrous alloys A drydock is a narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded to allow a load to be floated in then drained to allow that load to come to rest on a dry platform

For a period of sixteen years, all the technicians were exclusively British, and the situation was not altered till 1925 when the management was taken over by Spanish engineers, as one of the new policies introduced by the then newly created government, including ministers both civil and military, of the dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera (1923–1930). Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja 2 Marqués de Estella ( Jerez de la Frontera, January 8, 1870 - Paris, Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In sight of the outbreak of a civil war, and because there was fear of social unrest in the naval station, the Foreign Office in London, organized a ship to repatriate all the remaining British citizens and on July 22, 1936. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office, commonly called the Foreign Office or the FCO, is the British government department responsible for promoting London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The HMS Witch (D89), captained by B.A. Warburton-Lee, departed from Ferrol back to Britain. Her Majesty's Naval Base (HMNB Portsmouth ( HMS ''Nelson'') is one of three operating bases for the Royal Navy (the others being HMNB Clyde and Bernard Armitage Warburton Warburton-Lee VC (13 September 1895 - 10 April 1940 was a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) meant that the shipbuilding yards, workshops, foundries and dry docks in Ferrol were taken over by the state and fully nationalized in 1945 under the name "Bazàn", later renamed "IZAR", and from January 2005, Navantia. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of Nationalization, also spelled nationalisation, is the act of taking an industry or assets into the Public ownership of a national government Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events in January Holidays New Year's Day - January 1 Coptic Christmas - January 7 Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Navantia (Established in 2005) formerly Bazán or IZAR, has become Spain 's leading State-owned Shipbuilding firm offering The town has also been, for centuries, the birthplace of national and international personalities: men and women of letters, statesmen, politicians, and others, amongst them Francisco Franco, after whom the city was officially known as El Ferrol del Caudillo from 1938 to 1982 [11]. Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The end of the dictatorship and the arrival of democracy in 1978 did not help Ferrol, [12] and from 1982 to the early 1990s, the city confronted numerous problems due to a decline in the naval sector. The Constitution of Spain is regarded as the culmination of the Spanish transition to democracy. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a The beginning of the new millennium however, has been a time of economic expansion and prosperity in general. A new motorway and an outer-port [13] have been recently built; making the communications by land and sea, with the rest of the world, much easier and faster. Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in a container or Vehicle, using multiple modes of Transportation (

The FFG Digitally Controlled Frigates built in Ferrol (2005)
The FFG Digitally Controlled Frigates built in Ferrol (2005)

Ferrol, the most important Naval Station in the north of Spain [14] , with its well sheltered harbour and busy port, together with the Navantia shipyards seems to be flourishing once again, and with it, the whole heavily populated district of As Mariñas and Ferrolterra. Navantia (Established in 2005) formerly Bazán or IZAR, has become Spain 's leading State-owned Shipbuilding firm offering This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. A naval dockyard is a Dockyard that primarily serves a Navy. See also Military base Royal Navy Dockyards Navantia (Established in 2005) formerly Bazán or IZAR, has become Spain 's leading State-owned Shipbuilding firm offering Mondoñedo ( is a small Town and Municipality in A Mariña county in the Galician province of Lugo. This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. [15] During June 2008, Ferrol will be host to the large NATO Maritime Exercise Loyal Mariner. The North Atlantic Treaty RN

Climate

Weather averages for Ferrol, Spain
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 13 (56) 14 (57) 15 (60) 16 (61) 18 (64) 20 (69) 22 (71) 23 (73) 22 (71) 19 (66) 16 (60) 14 (57) 17 (59)
Average low °C (°F) 9 (47) 9 (47) 10 (49) 10 (50) 12 (54) 14 (58) 16 (61) 16 (62) 16 (60) 13 (56) 11 (52) 10 (49) 10 (53)
Precipitation cm (inches) 8. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 38 (3. 3) 5. 61 (2. 21) 5. 18 (2. 04) 6. 98 (2. 75) 5. 1 (2. 01) 3. 08 (1. 21) 2. 37 (0. 93) 2. 79 (1. 1) 4. 82 (1. 9) 10. 36 (4. 08) 9. 95 (3. 92) 8. 32 (3. 28) 72. 94 (28. 73)
Source: weather. uk. msn. com[1] Dec 2007

Economy

  1. Primary Industries – Agriculture (Horse Breeding), Aquaculture (Fish Farming), Fishing (Specializing in the Atlantic Shoals), Important Mines (ENDESA), NTFP (Forest Harvest), Quarries and Timber. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Horse breeding refers to reproduction in Horses and particularly the human-directed process of Selective breeding of animals particularly Purebred Aquaculture is the farming of freshwater and saltwater organisms including Molluscs Crustaceans and aquatic plants Fish farming is the principal form of Aquaculture, while other methods may fall under Mariculture. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. Trawling is a method of Fishing that involves pulling a large Fishing net through the water behind one or more boats Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body Endesa Termic is a 356 metre high chimney belonging to the Thermal power station (i Non-timber forest products or NTFPs comprise all goods derived from forests of both plant and animal origin other than timber Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or
  2. Secondary Industries – Shipbuilding, Ship Engines, Turbines (Wind Mills and Ships), Electrical Equipment, Ironworks, Fashion (Textiles), Food (Canned Fish) and Wood-Made Products. See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the Combustion of Fuel and an Oxidizer (typically air occurs in a confined space called a A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the Kinetic energy in Wind into Mechanical energy. An electronic component is a basic electronic element usually packaged in a discrete form with two or more connecting leads or metallic pads Fashion design is the Applied art dedicated to Clothing and lifestyle Accessories created within the cultural and social influences of a specific time Canning is a method of preserving food in which the food is processed and sealed in an airtight container Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs
  3. Tertiary Industries – Mercantile, Fishing and Military Ports, Restaurants, News Media (Ferrol TV/Diario de Ferrol), Hotels (Barceló Almirante/Pazo Libunca), Leisure and Tourism (World Surf Competitions, Popular Transatlantic Steamships Stop), Consulting, Health Care/Hospitals (Arquitecto Marcide Hospital Complex), Education (Schools, Colleges/ESENGRA and Universities/UNED/PERITOS) and Public Utilities, Franchises (main brand names and designer label's shops), Wholesale (Navy Suppliers/Anton-Martin) and Retail Industries (El Corte Inglés/Alcampo). Mercantilism is the idea that a colony should export more goods than it imports and that a colony should sell at higher prices and buy at lower prices For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. A restaurant is a retail establishment that serves prepared Food to Customers. The news media refers to the section of the Mass media that focuses on presenting current News to the public El Diario de Ferrol is a Galician newspaper founded in Ferrol on 1996 and since the 1999 has been edited by El Ideal Gallego. A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging usually on a short-term basis Leisure or free time, is a period of Time spent out of work and essential domestic Activity. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Windsurfing is a surface water sport using a windsurf board also commonly called a sailboard usually two to five meters long and powered by a single sail The term transatlantic refers to something occurring all the way across the Atlantic Ocean. Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing A hospital is an institution for Health care providing treatment by specialised staff and equipment and often but not always providing for Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" College ( Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an Educational Institution. The Main Specialist School of La Graña ( ESENGRA) and the " ANTONIO ESCAÑO NAVAL SCHOOL " both based in Ferrol, in north-western Spain A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED, is the public Spanish Open University The School of Naval and Industrial Engineers (also Escuela de Peritos Navales de Ferrol and Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Naval de Ferrol) was created A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the Infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using Chain stores are Retail outlets that share a Brand and central management and usually have standardized business methods and practices A brand is a collection of Images and ideas representing an economic producer more specifically it refers to the descriptive verbal attributes and concrete symbols such as a The term designer label refers to clothing and other personal accessory items sold under an often prestigious marquee which is commonly named after a designer Wholesaling is the sale of Goods or Merchandise to Retailers to industrial commercial institutional or other professional Business users Shipping is physical process of Transporting goods and Cargo. El Corte Inglés (lit The English Cut, implying in Spanish The English Dress Style) is Spain 's largest Department store chain owner of Auchan (Pronounced Óh-shon SA is a French international retail group and Multinational corporation headquartered in Croix, France.
  4. Quaternary Sector Industries – Naval, Electrical and Mechanical Equipment together with New Technologies (Galician Centre for Innovations and Services CIS-FERROL). The New Technologies Demonstrator Programme is a scheme part of Defra 's Waste Implementation Programme, New Technologies Workstream to demonstrate advanced waste Center of New Industries and Technologies (better known as the CNIT is one of the first buildings built in La Défense in Paris, France

Sister Cities

These are the official sister cities of Ferrol:

Flag of Australia Adelaide, Australia (2008)
Flag of Spain Mondoñedo, Spain (2004)

See also

Visit Ferrol this Summer Festival August (1934)
Visit Ferrol this Summer Festival August (1934)

Notable Galicians born in Ferrol

Life, culture and industry in Ferrol

History of Galicia and Ferrol

External links

Partial view of the Navantia Shipyards in Ferrol - In the middle ground of the picture an oil tanker is being repaired - Ferrolterra
Partial view of the Navantia Shipyards in Ferrol - In the middle ground of the picture an oil tanker is being repaired - Ferrolterra

Coordinates: 43°28′N 8°15′W / 43.467, -8.25

The European Community (EC is one of the Three pillars of the European Union (EU created under the Maastricht Treaty (1992 Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Navantia (Established in 2005) formerly Bazán or IZAR, has become Spain 's leading State-owned Shipbuilding firm offering This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. This article refers to Ferrol Galicia For other uses see Ferrol (disambiguation. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.
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