The father is defined as a maleor a parent of an offspring. Male (♂ refers to the sex of an organism or part of an organism which produces small mobile Gametes called spermatozoa. A parent is a Father or Mother; one who sires or gives ^[1] The adjective "paternal" refers to father, parallel to "maternal" for mother. In Grammar, an adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a Noun or Pronoun, giving more information about the "Mom" "Mum" and "Mommy" redirect here According to the anthropologist Maurice Godelier, the parental role assumed by human males is a critical difference between human society and that of humans' closest biological relatives - chimpanzees and bonobos - who appear to be unaware of their "father" connection. in Cambrai, France in 1934 Maurice Godelier is one of the most influential names in French Anthropology. Chimpanzee (often shortened to chimp) is the common name for the two extant Species of Apes in the Genus Pan. Bonobos is a Japanese dub band from Osaka, Japan. They formed in August of 2001. ^[2][3]

The father-child relationship is the defining factor of the fatherhood role. ^[4][5] "Fathers who are able to develop into responsible parents are able to engender a number of significant benefits for themselves, their communities, and most importantly, their children. "^[6] For example, children who experience significant father involvement tend to exhibit higher scores on assessments of cognitive development, enhanced social skills and fewer behavior problems. ^[7][8][9]

The father is often seen as an authority figure. In Politics, authority ( Latin Auctoritas, used in Roman law as opposed to Potestas and Imperium ^{[10][11][12][13]} According to Deleuze, the father authority exercises repression over sexual desire. Gilles Deleuze ( (January 18 1925 &ndash November 4 1995 was a French philosopher of the late 20th century ^[14] A common observation among scholars is that the authority of the father and of the [political] leader are closely intertwined, that there is a symbolic identification between domestic authority and national political leadership. "Symbolic" redirects here For other uses see Symbolism (disambiguation and Symbolic (disambiguation. ^[15] In this sense, links have been shown between the concepts of "patriarchal", "paternalistic", "cult of personality", "fascist", "totalitarian", "imperial". Patriarchy is the structuring of Society on the basis of Family units where fathers have primary responsibility for the welfare of hence authority over Paternalism refers usually to an attitude or a policy stemming from the hierarchic pattern of a Family based on Patriarchy, that is there is a figurehead A cult of personality or personality cult arises when a country's leader uses Mass media to create a heroic public image through unquestioning flattery and praise Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe Political systems where a State regulates nearly every aspect of public and private ^[15] The fundamental common grounds between domestic and national authority, are the mechanisms of naming (exercise the authority in someone's name) and identification. ^[15] In a patriarchal society, authority typically uses such rhetoric of fatherhood and family to implement their rule and advocate its legitimacy. ^[16]

In the Roman and aristocratic patriarchal family, "the husband and the father had a measure of political authority and served as intermediary between the household and the polity. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Patriarchy is the structuring of Society on the basis of Family units where fathers have primary responsibility for the welfare of hence authority over Polity ( Greek: Πολιτεία or Πολίτευμα transliterated as Politeía or Políteuma) was originally a term used in Ancient Greece "^[17][18] In Western culture patriarchy and authority have been synonymous. Western culture (sometimes equated with Western Civilization) are terms which are used to refer to Cultures of European origin ^[19] In the 19th century Europe, the idea was common, among both traditionalist and revolutionaries, that the authority of the domestic father should "be made omnipotent in the family so that it becomes less necessary in the state". ^[20][21][15] In the second part of that century, there was an extension of the authority of the husband over his wife and the authority of the father over his children, including "increased demands for absolute obedience of children to the father". ^[15] Europe saw the rise of "new ideological hegemony of the nuclear family form and a legal codification of patriarchy", which was contemporary with the solid spread of the "nation-state model as political norm of order". Hegemony (hɨˈdʒɛməni (Amer /hɨˈɡɛməni/ (Brit (ἡγεμονία hēgemonía) is a concept that has been used to describe and explain the dominance of one social The term nuclear family developed in the Western world to distinguish the Family group consisting of parents most commonly a Father and Mother ^[15]

Like mothers, human fathers may be categorised according to their biological, social or legal relationship with the child. "Mom" "Mum" and "Mommy" redirect here An interpersonal relationship is a relatively long-term association between two or more people ^[22] Historically, the biological relationship paternity has been determinative of fatherhood. However, proof of paternity has been intrinsically problematic and so social rules often determined who would be regarded as a father, e. The Law of evidence governs the use of Testimony (eg oral or written statements such as an Affidavit) and exhibits (e g. the husband of the mother. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** "Mom" "Mum" and "Mommy" redirect here

This method of the determination of fatherhood has persisted since Roman times in the famous sentence: Mater semper certa; pater est quem nuptiae demonstrant (Mother is always certain; the father is whom the marriage shows). Roman law is the legal system of Ancient Rome. As used in the West the term commonly refers to legal developments prior to the Roman/Byzantine state's adopting The historical approach has been destabilised with the recent emergence of accurate scientific testing, particularly DNA testing. As a result, the law on fatherhood is undergoing rapid changes. Family law is an area of the Law that deals with family-related issues and Domestic relations including but not limited to the nature of In the United States, the Uniform Parentage Act essentially defines a father as a man who conceives a child through sexual intercourse. In the United States, a Uniform Act or "Uniform Law" is a proposed state law drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (NCCUSL

The most familiar English terms for father include dad, daddy, papa, pop and pa. Other colloquial expressions include my old man.

Contents 1 Categories 1.1 Non-biological (social / legal relationship between father and child) 1.2 Fatherhood defined by contact level with child 2 See also 3 References 4 Bibliography

Categories

• Natural/Biological father - the most common category: child product of man and woman
• Birth father - the biological father of a child who, due to adoption or parental separation, does not raise the child
• Surprise father - where the men did not know that there was a child until possibly years afterwards
• Posthumous father - father died before children were born (or even conceived in the case of artificial insemination)
• Teenage father/youthful father - may be associated with premarital sexual intercourse
• Non-parental father - unmarried father whose name does not appear on child's birth certificate: does not have legal responsibility but continues to have financial responsibility (UK)
• Sperm donor father - a genetic connection but man does not have legal or financial responsibility if conducted through licensed clinics

Non-biological (social / legal relationship between father and child)

• Stepfather - wife/partner has child from previous relationship
• Father-in-law - the father of one's spouse
• Adoptive father - child is adopted(not of their blood)
• Foster father - child is raised by a man who is not the biological or adoptive father usually as part of a couple. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Sperm donation is the name of the practice by which a Man, known as a sperm donor, provides his Semen with the intention that it be used to produce a baby
• Cuckolded father - where child is the product of the mother's adulterous relationship
• Social father - where man takes de facto responsibility for a child (in such a situation the child is known as a "child of the family" in English law)
• Mothers's partner - assumption that current partner fills father role
• Mothers's husband - under some jurisdictions (e. g. in Quebec civil law), if the mother is married to another man, the latter will be defined as the father
• DI Dad - social / legal father of children produced via Donor Insemination where a donor's sperm were used to impregnate the DI Dad's spouse. The Civil Code of Québec ( Code civil du Québec) is the Civil code in force in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Fatherhood defined by contact level with child

• Weekend/holiday father - where child(ren) only stay(s) with father at weekends, holidays, etc.
• Absent father - father who cannot or will not spend time with his child(ren)
• Second father - a non-parent whose contact and support is robust enough that near parental bond occurs (often used for older male siblings who significantly aid in raising a child).
• Stay at home dad - the male equivalent of a housewife with child

• Where man in couple originally seeking IVF treatment withdraws consent before fertilisation (UK)

• Where the apparently male partner in an IVF arrangement turns out to be legally a female (evidenced by birth certificate) at the time of the treatment (UK) (TLR 1st June 2006)

A biological child of a man who, for the special reason above, is not their legal father, has no automatic right to financial support or inheritance. A stay-at-home dad is a term used to describe a male parent who is the main Caregiver of the children and the home Homemaker is a mainly American term which may refer either to the person within a family who is primarily concerned with the management of the household whether In vitro fertilisation ( IVF) is a process by which In vitro fertilisation ( IVF) is a process by which Legal fatherlessness refers to a legal status and not to the issue of whether the father is now dead or alive.

See also

Father can also refer metaphorically to a person who is considered the founder of a body of knowledge or of an institution. In such context the meaning of "father" is similar to that of "founder". See List of people known as the father or mother of something.

• Paternal bond
• Sociology of fatherhood
• Non-human fatherhood
• Marriage strike
• Fathers' rights
• Responsible Fatherhood
• Fathers' Day
• Mother
• God the Father

References

Bibliography

• S Kraemer (1991) The Origins of Fatherhood: An Ancient Family Process. Family Process 30 (4), 377–392. doi:10. 1111/j. 1545-5300. 1991. 00377. x

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic