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Fast bowling, sometimes known as pace bowling, is one of the two main approaches to bowling in the sport of cricket. Darren_Gough_bowlingjpg|thumb|250px|right| Darren Gough bowling]] In the Sport of Cricket, bowling is the action of propelling the ball toward In Cricket, at the start of an Innings the pace bowlers on the bowling team usually bowl first Seam bowling is a phrase used for a Cricket bowling technique whereby the ball is deliberately bowled onto its seam to cause a random deviation Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Finger spin is a style of bowling in the sport of Cricket. It refers to the mechanical technique and specific hand movements associated with imparting a particular Off spin is a type of bowling in the Sport of Cricket which is bowled by an off spinner a right-handed spin bowler who Left-arm orthodox spin is a style of bowling in the sport of Cricket. Wrist spin is a style of bowling in the sport of Cricket. It refers to the mechanical technique and specific hand movements associated with imparting a particular Leg spin is a style of Spin bowling in Cricket. A leg spinner bowls right-arm with a Wrist spin action causing the ball to spin anti-clockwise at the point In Cricket, left-arm unorthodox spin &ndash often known as slow left-arm chinaman and abbreviated to SLC &ndash is a style of bowling. In the sport of Cricket, throwing (commonly referred to as chucking) occurs when a bowler makes his arm more straight when delivering a ball A delivery or ball in Cricket is a single action of Bowling a Cricket ball towards the Batsman. A full toss is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It describes any delivery that reaches the Batsman without bouncing on the pitch In the Sport of Cricket, a bouncer (or bumper) is a type of delivery, usually bowled by a fast bowler. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery that curves into a right-handed batsman before the ball pitches (bounces on the pitch An inswinger is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by swing bowlers. A leg cutter is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. An off cutter is a type of delivery in the Game of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. An outswinger is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by swing bowlers. In the Sport of Cricket, making the ball move in the air with the older ball is called reverse swing. In the sport of Cricket, a slower ball is a slower-than-usual delivery from a fast bowler. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. An arm ball is a type of delivery in Cricket. It is a variation delivery bowled by an Off spin bowler or slow left-arm orthodox bowler In Cricket, left-arm unorthodox spin &ndash often known as slow left-arm chinaman and abbreviated to SLC &ndash is a style of bowling. A doosra (دوسرا is a particular type of delivery by an off-spin bowler in the Sport of Cricket, popularised by Pakistani The flipper is the name of a particular bowling delivery used in Cricket, generally by a Leg spin bowler. In Cricket, a googly is a type of delivery bowled by a right-arm Leg spin bowler. A leg break is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is the stock delivery of a right-handed Leg spin bowler An off break is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is the stock delivery of an Off spin bowler. In Cricket, a slider is a type of delivery bowled by a Wrist spin bowler A top-spinner is a type of delivery bowled by a cricketer bowling either Wrist spin or Finger spin. In Cricket, underarm bowling is as old as the sport itself Until the appearance of the roundarm style in the first half of the 19th Century, bowling was In Cricket, roundarm bowling is a style that was introduced in the early years of the 19th century to supersede Underarm bowling. In Cricket, overarm bowling refers to a delivery in which the bowler's hand is above shoulder height In Cricket, Lob bowling is a largely disused style of bowling Darren_Gough_bowlingjpg|thumb|250px|right| Darren Gough bowling]] In the Sport of Cricket, bowling is the action of propelling the ball toward Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries The other is spin bowling. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Practitioners are usually known as fast bowlers or pace bowlers although sometimes the label used refers to the specific fast bowling technique the bowler prefers, such as swing bowler or seam bowler. Muralijpg|thumb|250px|right|The world's leading off-spin bowler Muttiah Muralitharan sends down a delivery]] A bowler in the Sport of Cricket is usually
The main aim of fast bowling is to bowl the hard cricket ball at high speed and to induce it to bounce off the pitch in an erratic fashion or move sideways through the air, the combination of these factors making it difficult for the batsman to hit the ball cleanly. A cricket ball is a hard solid Ball used to play Cricket. Manufacture Cricket balls are made from a core of cork, which is layered Mike Powell cricketerjpg|thumb|200px| Warwickshire batsman Mike Powell]] A batsman in the sport of Cricket is depending on context Any A typical fast delivery has a speed in the range 136 to 150 km/h (85 to 95 mph). The fastest delivery that has ever been officially recorded clocked in at 161. 3 km/h (100. 2 mph) and was bowled by Shoaib Akhtar of Pakistan during a match against England in the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Shoaib Akhtar ( Urdu:) (born 13 August 1975 in Rawalpindi, Punjab) is a Pakistani Cricketer and is the fastest Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The 2003 Cricket World Cup ( Official name: ICC Cricket World Cup 2003) was played in South Africa from February 9 to March 24. The batsman on the end of the delivery was Nick Knight; however, his wicket remained intact. Nicholas Verity Knight (born Watford, Hertfordshire, England on 28 November 1969) is a former England Cricketer
In most cricketing countries, fast bowlers are considered to be the mainstay of a team's bowling attack, with slower bowlers in support roles. In the subcontinent, especially India and Sri Lanka, the reverse is often true, with fast bowlers serving mainly to soften the ball up for the spinners. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island This is mainly due to the condition of the pitches used in those countries which gives more help to spinners than to fast bowlers, but at international level it is also a reflection of the outstanding skills of their spinners compared to their pace bowlers. By way of contrast, the other major subcontinental country, Pakistan, has produced several generations of feared pacemen mainly due to that nation's mastery of reverse swing and having pitches that provide relatively more assistance to fast bowlers. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket.
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Categorisation of fast bowling
It is possible for a bowler to concentrate solely on speed, especially when young, but as fast bowlers mature they pick up new skills and tend to rely more on swing bowling or seam bowling techniques. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Seam bowling is a phrase used for a Cricket bowling technique whereby the ball is deliberately bowled onto its seam to cause a random deviation Most fast bowlers will specialise in one of these two areas and will sometimes be categorised as strike, swing or seam bowler. However, this classification is not satisfactory because the categories are not mutually exclusive and a skilled bowler will usually bowl a mixture of fast, swinging, seaming and also cutting balls, even if he or she prefers one style to the others.
Instead, it is more common to subdivide fast bowlers according to the average speed of their deliveries, as follows.
| Type | mph | km/h |
|---|---|---|
| Fast | 90 + | 145 + |
| Fast-medium | 80 to 89 | 129 to 145 |
| Medium-fast | 70 to 79 | 113 to 129 |
| Medium | 60 to 69 | 97 to 113 |
| Medium-slow | 50 to 59 | 80 to 97 |
| Slow-medium | 40 to 49 | 64 to 80 |
| Slow | below 40 | below 64 |
There is a degree of subjectivity in the usage of these terms; for example, Cricinfo uses the terms "fast-medium" and "medium-fast" interchangeably. (For the South African airport with IATA code "KMH" see Johan Pienaar Airport. Cricinfo is the largest Cricket -related website and one of the largest websites in the world with more than 20 million users [1] The fastest bowlers are said to bowl at express pace. For comparison, most spin bowlers in professional cricket bowl at average speeds of 45 to 55 mph (70 to 90 km/h). To further confuse things, bowlers will have variation balls which appear to put them in different categories, e. g. Brett Lee bowls his stock ball at around 145 km/h, making him a fast-bowler, although he will occasionally bowl a slower ball at around 120 km/h. Brett Lee (born 8 November 1976 in Wollongong, New South Wales) is an Australian Cricketer Style Lee is an express bowler In the sport of Cricket, a slower ball is a slower-than-usual delivery from a fast bowler. Conversely, Anil Kumble, a spin-bowler, has a quicker ball which can reach 110 km/h. Anil Kumble (ಅನಿಲ್ ಕುಂಬ್ಳೆ (born 17 October 1970 in Bangalore, Karnataka) is an Indian Cricketer He is a right-arm
The slower the fast bowler, the more they have to rely on the variation techniques listed below to get wickets, while fast and to a lesser extent fast-medium and medium-fast bowlers can often get batsmen out through sheer speed and aggression. In practice, very few specialist bowlers fall into the medium category - bowlers who bowl at this speed are mostly batsmen who can bowl a few part-time overs on occasion. Mike Powell cricketerjpg|thumb|200px| Warwickshire batsman Mike Powell]] A batsman in the sport of Cricket is depending on context Any These bowlers are known as medium pacers. Medium pace bowling is a style of bowling in the Sport of Cricket. The medium-slow and slow-medium categories are mostly occupied by spin bowlers, since a delivery bowled at these speeds with a fast bowling technique, rather than spin, would simply be too easy to hit. Although spinners are sometimes colloquially referred to as "slow bowlers", very few players in professional cricket bowl in the actual "slow" category (below 40mph).
Technique in fast bowling
The first thing a fast bowler needs to do is to grip the ball correctly. The basic fast bowling grip to achieve maximum speed is to hold the ball with the seam upright and to place the index and middle fingers close together at the top of the seam with the thumb gripping the ball at the bottom of the seam. The image to the right shows the correct grip. The first two fingers and the thumb should hold the ball forward of the rest of the hand, and the other two fingers should be tucked into the palm. The ball is held quite loosely so that it leaves the hand easily. Other grips are possible, and result in different balls - see swing and seam bowling below. The bowler usually holds their other hand over the hand gripping the ball until the latest possible moment so that the batsman cannot see what type of grip he or she is employing and prepare accordingly.
A fast bowler needs to take a longer run-up toward the wicket than a spinner, due to the need to generate the momentum and rhythm required to bowl a fast delivery. Fast bowlers will measure their preferred run up in strides and mark the distance from the wicket. It is important for the bowler to know exactly how long his or her run-up is because it needs to terminate at the popping crease. For the goalie's crease in hockey see Goal area. In the Sport of Cricket, the crease is the area demarcated by white If the bowler steps over this, he or she will have bowled a no ball. In the Sport of Cricket a no ball is a penalty against the fielding team usually as a result of an illegal delivery by the bowler.
At the end of the run-up the bowler will bring his or her lead foot down on the pitch with the knee as straight as possible. This aids in generating speed but can be dangerous due to the pressure placed on the joint by this action. Knee injuries are not uncommon amongst fast bowlers: for example the English pace bowler David Lawrence was sidelined for many months after splitting his kneecap in two. The knee is the lower extremity Joint connecting the Femur, Patella, and the Tibia. The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. The patella or kneecap is a thick triangular Bone which articulates with the Femur and covers and protects the knee joint The pressure on the leading foot is such that some fast bowlers cut the front off their shoes to stop their toes from being injured as they are repeatedly pressed against the inside of the shoe. The bowler will then bring their bowling arm up over their head and release the ball at the height appropriate to where they want the ball to pitch. Again, the arm must be straight although this is a stipulation of the laws of cricket rather than an aid to speed. The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC which serve to standardise the format of Cricket matches across the world to ensure Bending the elbow and "chucking" the ball would make it too easy for the bowler to aim accurately at the batsman's wicket and get them out.
Fast bowlers tend to have an action which leaves them either side-on or chest-on at the end of the run up. While this does not affect the speed at which they bowl, it can limit the style of balls that they can bowl. Although not hard and fast rules, side on bowlers generally bowl outswingers, and front on bowlers generally bowl inswingers.
A variant on the fast bowler's action is the sling (sometimes referred to as the slingshot or javelin), where the bowler begins his delivery with his or her arm fully extended behind their back. The slinging action generates extra speed, but sacrifices control. The most famous exponent of the slinging action is Jeff Thomson, who bowled at extraordinary pace off a short run up. Jeffrey Robert Thomson (born 16 August 1950 in Greenacre New South Wales) is a former Australian Cricketer Known as "Thommo" he was one of the fastest Current internationals who employ a slinging action include Fidel Edwards, Shaun Tait and Lasith Malinga. Fidel Henderson Edwards (born 6 February, 1982) in Gays St Peter Barbados, is a West Indian Cricketer and is the half brother of Shaun William Tait (born 22 February 1983 in Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia) is a professional Australian Cricketer Tait plays Separamadu Lasith Malinga (born August 28, 1983 in Galle, Sri Lanka) is a Sri Lankan Cricketer He is a specialist
After the ball has been released, the bowler follows through (pictured) at the end of his or her action. This involves veering to the side so as not to tread on the pitch and taking a few more strides to slow down. Striding on to the pitch at the end of a delivery can damage the surface resulting in rough patches which spin bowlers can exploit to get extra turn on the ball; doing so is illegal according to the laws of the game. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Bowlers who persistently run onto the pitch can be warned, with three warnings disqualifying a bowler from bowling again during the innings. An inning, or innings, is a fixed-length segment of a game in any of a variety of Sports &ndash most notably Cricket and Baseball during
Line and length
An effective fast bowler needs to be able to hold a consistent line and length, or in common terms, to be accurate. Line and length in Cricket refers to the direction and point of bouncing on the pitch of a delivery. In this context, line refers to the path of the ball towards the batsman, in the horizontal dimension running from the off to the leg side, while length describes the distance the ball travels toward the batsman before bouncing. Length is generally seen as the more important of the two for a fast bowler. The faster the bowler, the harder it is to achieve consistent line and length but sheer speed can make up for the shortfall. Fast bowlers who also manage to be accurate can be devastatingly effective, for example the likes of Australian pace bowler Glenn McGrath
Line
In modern cricket, the line usually aimed for by fast bowlers is the so-called corridor of uncertainty, a term coined by Geoffrey Boycott to mean the area just outside the batsman's off stump. Geoffrey Boycott OBE (born 21 October 1940 is a former Cricketer for Yorkshire and England. For other uses see Stump (disambiguation Stump is a term used in the Sport of Cricket where has three different meanings It is difficult for the batsman to tell whether or not such a ball is likely to strike their wicket, and thus to know whether to attack, defend or leave the ball. This technique was historically known as off theory (contrast leg theory), but it is now so routine that it is rarely given a name at all. Off theory is a bowling tactic in the Sport of Cricket. The term off theory is somewhat archaic and seldom used any more but the basic tactic Leg theory is a bowling tactic in the Sport of Cricket. The term leg theory is somewhat archaic and seldom used any more but the basic tactic Of course, variation in line is also important and deliveries aimed at the leg stump can also serve a purpose.
Precise mastery of the line of the ball is best utilised when a batsman is known to have a weakness hitting a particular shot, because a bowler with an effective line can place the ball in the weak spot time after time. Failing to overcome a persistent inability to hit balls on a certain line has been enough to end the careers of innumerable batsmen once they had been found out by skilled line bowlers.
Length
A good length ball is one that arrives at the batsman at around waist height. There is no fixed distance to a good length, or indeed any other length of ball in cricket since the distance required will vary with the speed of the ball, the state of the pitch and the height of the bowler and batsman. It should be noted that bowling a "good length" in this sense is not always appropriate - in some situations, on some pitches and against some batsmen other lengths will be more effective. The diagram to the right should help explain what the different lengths mean.
A ball which bounces a little way before the good length and rises to the batsman's abdomen is said to be short pitched or described as a long hop and is easier for a batsman to hit as he will have had more time to see if the height or line of the ball has deviated after bouncing. A short-pitched ball is also at a more suitable height for the batsman to play an attacking pull shot. Andrew-Strauss-Cricketer-detailjpg|thumb|right|250px| Andrew Strauss batting for England during the 2005 NatWest Series]] In the Sport of Cricket, batting A ball which bounces way before the good length and reaches shoulder or head height is a bouncer and can be an effective delivery. Any ball which is short enough to bounce over the batsman's head is usually called wide by the Umpire. For other uses of the word or acronym see WIDE. In the Sport of Cricket, a wide is one of two things The event An umpire in Cricket (from the Old French Nompere meaning not equal i Bowling short pitched or wide balls is a bad idea as they are relatively easy for the batsman to defend or attack.
At the other end of the scale, balls which bounce slightly closer to the batsman than the good length are said to be full pitched or overpitched or described as a half volley. These are easier for the batsman to play than the good length because they don't have time to move much after bouncing off the seam. Closer still to the batsman's feet is the yorker, a very effective length if bowled correctly. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease If the ball fails to bounce at all before reaching the batsman it is labelled a full toss. A full toss is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It describes any delivery that reaches the Batsman without bouncing on the pitch It is very easy for a batsman to play such a delivery as it will not have deviated at all from bouncing off the pitch.
It is because the three effective lengths (good length, bouncer and yorker) are all interspersed by lengths which are easy for the batsman to hit that control of length is an important discipline for a fast bowler. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease Spin bowlers on the other hand are almost always aiming for the good length but need a much finer control of flight and line to be effective. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. A fast bowler tries to be physically fit through out his cricket career, which may span more than a decade. Needless to say that is tough to do and needs a lot of discipline and luck.
Strike bowling
Strike bowling is the term usually applied to balls that attempt to get a batsman out through sheer speed and aggression, rather than trying to make the ball move through the air or off the pitch. Against top class batsman, these techniques are usually only successful when employed by genuinely quick bowlers in the fast and fast-medium categories. Slower bowlers occasionally use them, especially against tail-end batsmen, but this can backfire resulting in easy runs for the batsman. "Tail-end" is a Cricket term used to indicate the last few positions in a team's Batting order. However, aggressive bowling techniques can be combined with swing bowling and seam bowling techniques to create nigh-on unplayable balls in the hands of a bowler of any speed. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Seam bowling is a phrase used for a Cricket bowling technique whereby the ball is deliberately bowled onto its seam to cause a random deviation The inswinging yorker is seen as particularly deadly. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease
Bouncer
A bouncer is a ball which is aimed to pitch in the first half of the pitch, meaning it has had time to rise sharply to chest or head height by the time it reaches the batsman. In the Sport of Cricket, a bouncer (or bumper) is a type of delivery, usually bowled by a fast bowler. This causes two problems for the batsman who receives the ball. If he or she attempts to play it, their bat will be at eye-level making it difficult for them to watch the ball onto the bat and time their shot correctly. If he or she leaves or misses the ball, it may strike him or her a painful blow on the head or chest and occasionally result in injury. For this reason, bowling spells containing many bouncers are said to be intimidatory bowling.
The usual response to a bouncer is for the batsman simply to duck underneath it, but this requires fast reflexes and a strong nerve and the batsman is sometimes hit in any case. The natural reflex is to attempt to defend one's head with a straight bat but this should be suppressed if possible as the likely result of this will be that the ball flies off the bat at an uncontrolled angle making for an easy catch. Caught is a method of dismissing a Batsman in the Sport of Cricket. Most batsman have panicked and lost their wickets in this fashion several times in their career after prolonged spells of bouncers.
Physically powerful batsmen often attempt to strike the ball on the rise, even though this obstructs their vision of the ball since it is not uncommon that their sheer brute force combined with the speed of the ball will cause it to fly to the boundary. This possibility, combined with the difficulty that the wicketkeeper will have trying to stop a high ball means that bouncers can be expensive in terms of runs against skilled batsmen. Cricket wicket keeperjpg|thumb|300px|A wicket-keeper in characteristic position ready to face a delivery
Slower ball
A slower ball is a ball which is delivered exactly like a usual pace delivery in terms of action and run-up but where the grip is changed slightly in order to slow the ball down. In the sport of Cricket, a slower ball is a slower-than-usual delivery from a fast bowler. This deceives the batsman, who will likely attempt to play the ball as though it were at full speed, causing him or her to mistime their shot. The result is usually that the ball strikes lower down the bat resulting in it leaving the bat at a slower speed (a cricket bat has a middle - hitting the ball at this point will result in the maximum possible energy being transferred to the ball; as the ball is hit away from the middle so the energy transferred, and hence the speed, will decrease). Also, the bat will generally have travelled further when it hits the ball and be in the upward part of its arc, causing the ball to leave the bat at a steeper angle. The combination of these can be a slow-moving, looping catch which is relatively easy to catch. In an extreme case, the batsman will play the shot so early as to completely play over the ball, and be clean-bowled.
One of a number of different grips is illustrated to the right. Essentially the only difference is that the middle and index fingers are split and come down on each side of the seam. This causes more drag on the ball as it leaves the hand, slowing down the delivery. Slower balls are also bowled by using the off break grip and finger action used by off spinners. Off spin is a type of bowling in the Sport of Cricket which is bowled by an off spinner a right-handed spin bowler who A slower delivery may also be achieved - less commonly - by using a leg spin grip and wrist action or by supporting the upper aspect of the ball with only one finger or with the knuckles. Leg spin is a style of Spin bowling in Cricket. A leg spinner bowls right-arm with a Wrist spin action causing the ball to spin anti-clockwise at the point
The slower ball is particularly effective against a batsman seeking to score quickly. Consequently, its prominence has increased with the development of one-day cricket, and particularly at the end of an innings where batsman will attack with abandon. NightMatchOldTraffordjpg|right|thumb|350px|A night match at Old Trafford.
A more experienced batsman will be able to adjust his/her shot mid-stroke, momentarily pausing so as to middle the ball when it is hit.
Yorker
A yorker is a ball which bounces off the pitch right in front of (or is aimed at the toes of) the batsman's feet, an area known as the block hole. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease Because of the usual stance of the batsman and the regulation length of the cricket bat the bat is not usually held near the ground while the batsman prepares to strike the ball, so playing a yorker requires the batsman to alter the height of his or her bat very quickly after detecting a yorker has been bowled. A cricket bat is used by batsmen in the sport of Cricket. It is usually made of Willow wood This is difficult, and the yorker can often squeeze through the gap and break the wicket. Successfully playing this type of delivery is also known as digging out a yorker.
Bowling a yorker requires pinpoint accuracy since bowling it slightly too long will result in a full toss or full pitched delivery which is easy for the batsman to play because the ball has not deviated by bouncing off the pitch. A full toss is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It describes any delivery that reaches the Batsman without bouncing on the pitch It also has most of its value as a surprise ball. For these two reasons, yorkers are not common deliveries.
Waqar Younis and Wasim Akram are widely regarded as being the most proficient at bowling yorker deliveries. Waqar Younis Maitla ( Urdu: وقار یونس, born November 16, 1969) Nicknamed Wiki, is a former Pakistani Wasim Akram ( Urdu: وسیم اکرم) (born June 3, 1966 in Lahore, Punjab) is a former Pakistani Cricketer
Seam bowling
Seam bowling is the act of using the seam of the ball to cause the ball to bounce in an unpredictable fashion when it hits the pitch. A good batsman will be able to predict where a ball is going to bounce and from that work out what height the ball will be when it reaches him or her. By generating variations in bounce, the bowler can make it more likely the batsman will make a mistake in his assessment of the ball and give away their wicket.
Seam deliveries can be bowled at any pace, but most specialist seamers bowl at medium, medium-fast or fast-medium pace. The basic technique of seam bowling is to employ the normal fast bowling or slower ball grip and to try and ensure that the seam remains upright until the ball hits the pitch. If the seam is upright and the ball is spinning around its horizontal axis, there is no appreciable Magnus effect and the ball will not move in the air. The Magnus effect is the phenomenon whereby a spinning object flying in a Fluid creates a Whirlpool of fluid around itself and experiences a force perpendicular The seam of the ball is raised and will cause variations in bounce and movement if it is the first part of the ball to hit the pitch.
Seam bowlers can get a lot of help from certain types of pitches. Hard pitches that have a cracked or ridged surface are best for seam bowling since the hardness makes it easier to bounce the ball without losing speed while the uneven surface adds to the unpredictability of the bounce when the ball hits the pitch. This is known as variable bounce. On rare occasions a pitch which is extremely hard and uneven will be declared as too dangerous to play on since the batsman cannot predict the ball at all and they are likely to be hit on the body repeatedly as a result. Green pitches can also assist the seam bowler since the tiny tufts of grass represent an uneven surface although this is a mixed blessing since the green surface also slows the ball slightly. It is difficult for a seam bowler to be effective on a very flat and even-surfaced pitch (known as a flat track in cricket vernacular) and seamers usually resort to aggressive bowling tactics and/or bowling cutters on such surfaces. Vernacular refers to the Native language of a country or a locality
Cutters
- Main articles: off cutter, leg cutter
A cutter is the term used to describe a fast ball which is spinning, that is, a delivery that is rotating around the opposite axis to the seam instead of keeping the seam straight. An off cutter is a type of delivery in the Game of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. A leg cutter is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. While this rotation is nowhere near as much as that achieved by a spin bowler, the small variations it can produce are still enough to discomfort a batsman due to the speed of the ball. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Cutters can be an effective way for a seam bowler to get the ball to move if he or she is not receiving much assistance from the pitch.
A ball rotating around the seam will move either right or left when it hits the pitch, depending on which way the ball is spinning. A ball bouncing to the right is said to be an off cutter as it is travelling from off stump to leg stump for a right-handed batsman. For other uses see Stump (disambiguation Stump is a term used in the Sport of Cricket where has three different meanings Conversely, a ball which bounces to the left is a leg cutter, travelling from leg to off stump for a right-handed batsman. Cutters are usually aimed so that they hit the pitch just outside the batsman's off stump and move away from the wicket. This will cause the ball to catch the outside edge of the bat instead of the middle and fly up to be caught in the slips. Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either
To bowl a cutter, the bowler employs a different grip. The two grips are shown to the right, with the uppermost one producing an leg cutter while the lower one shows the grip required for an off cutter. A leg cutter is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. An off cutter is a type of delivery in the Game of Cricket. It is bowled by fast bowlers. As well as changing the grip, the bowler must pull his or her fingers down the appropriate side of the ball as it leaves their hand in order to impart the required spin. The action of bowling a cutter also increases drag on the ball as it leaves the hand, causing the ball to slow in the same way as a slower ball and this can also help to confuse the batsman.
Swing bowling
Swing bowlers cause the ball to move laterally through the air, rather than off the pitch like seam bowlers. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Normal or conventional swing bowling is encouraged by the raised seam of the ball, and conventional swing is usually greatest when the ball is new and therefore has a pronounced seam. As the ball gets older, the wear makes swing more difficult to achieve, but this can be countered if the fielding team systematically polishes one side of the ball while allowing the other to become rough. When the ball has been polished highly on one side and not on the other and if the ball is bowled very fast (over 85 miles per hour), it produces a reverse swing such that the ball swings in the opposite direction as in conventional swing. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. Contrary to popular opinion, this swing is not produced by air flowing faster over the smooth or "shiny" side as compared to the rough side. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket.
Swing is produced due to a net force acting on the bowl from one side; the side that has a more turbulent boundary layer as compared to the other side. For conventional swing bowling, the raised seam and the direction in which it is pointed governs the direction of swing. Due to the seam of the ball being angled to one side, air flowing over the seam produces turbulence on the side that the seam is angled toward. In Fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is a fluid regime characterized by chaotic Stochastic property changes This causes the fluid boundary layer to separate from the surface of the ball later (farther toward the rear of the ball) than the other side where a laminar boundary layer separates earlier (farther forward on the surace). There is a net pressure differential (greater pressure on the side with the laminar boundary layer) and thus the net force moves or swings the ball in the direction of the seam. Conventional swing bowling is delivered with the seam angled such that the smooth or polished side of the ball faces forward to move the ball in the direction of the seam i. e. toward the rough side.
A swinging ball is classed as either an outswinger, which moves away from the batsman, or an inswinger, which moves in toward the batsman. In most cases the outswinger is seen as the more dangerous ball because, if the batsman fails to recognise it, it will catch the outside edge of the bat instead of the middle and fly up to be caught in the slips. Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either Inswingers have their place too, especially combined with the yorker as the inswinger can catch the inside edge and break the wicket, or hit the batter on the pad rather than the bat, resulting in a possible LBW decision. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease In the Sport Cricket, leg before wicket (LBW is one of the ways in which a Batsman can be dismissed.
Swing bowling can also be roughly categorised as early swing or late swing, corresponding to when in the trajectory the ball will change direction - the later the ball swings, the less chance the batter has of adjusting his/her shot to account for the swing.
Swing balls are bowled with the same grip and technique as fast balls although the seam is usually angled slightly rather than straight, and the slower ball grip may be used. For an outswinger the shiny side of the ball is nearest the batsman and the seam is angled away from him while for an inswinger, the rough side needs to be nearest the batsman and the seam angled toward them. It is difficult to achieve swing with a cutter grip since the ball will spin in flight, varying the orientation of the shiny and rough surfaces as it moves through the air. Many players, commentators on the game, and fans agree that swing is easier to achieve in humid or overcast conditions, and also that the red ball used in Test cricket swings more than the white ball used in the one-day game. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations Note Most of the information here pertains to men's cricket ODI matches are also played in Women's cricket. There is no scientific evidence to back up either claim.
Reverse swing
Reverse swing is a phenomenon which causes the ball to swing in the opposite direction to that usually produced by the orientation of the shiny and rough sides of the ball. When the ball is reverse swinging, the ball will swing towards the shiny side. Balls which reverse swing move much later and much more sharply than those swinging conventionally, both factors increasing the difficulty the batsman will have in trying to hit the ball.
Reverse swing is much more dependent on conditions than normal swing, and so it is nearly impossible to achieve consistently. Reverse swing does not usually happen until the ball is around 45 overs old, and requires the weather to be hot and dry. In the sport of Cricket, an over is a set of six consecutive balls bowled in succession The technique of getting reverse swing was first invented and perfected by Pakistani bowlers in the 1980s but has since spread through all the cricketing nations. The Pakistan National Cricket Team is an international Cricket team representing Pakistan.
In reverse swing, the rough side is placed forward. Swing bowling is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. The seam is angled in the same way as in conventional swing (10-20 degrees to one side) BUT the boundary layer on both sides is turbulent. The net effect of the seam and rough side is that the ball actually swings in the direction opposite to where the seam is pointing to. Good reverse swing bowling requires the bowler to deliver the ball at a fairly high speed (80-85 miles per hour or greater), which is only achieved by a select few fast bowlers in the world. Fast bowling, sometimes known as pace bowling, is one of the two main approaches to bowling in the Sport of Cricket.
[The turbulent boundary layer separating later is similar to the effect produced by dimples in a golf ball. Dimples are visible indentations of the skin caused by underlying flesh which form on some people's cheeks when they Smile. In case of the golf ball, turbulence is produced on both sides of the ball and the net effect is a later separation of boundary layer on both sides and smaller wake in the back of the ball and a lower net drag due to pressure differential between the front and the back - this enables the golf ball to travel farther. ]
Dippers
A dipper is a swinging ball which is deliberately bowled as a yorker or a full toss, the latter not normally being a ball that a fast bowler would choose to bowl. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery that curves into a right-handed batsman before the ball pitches (bounces on the pitch An outswinger is a type of delivery in the Sport of Cricket. It is bowled by swing bowlers. The indipper moves in to the right-handed batsman while the outdipper moves away.
In order to be effective, a dipper has to generate a lot of swing to make up for the variation in movement lost because the ball is not bouncing on the pitch. However, because the batsman usually expects a full toss to be an easy ball to score off, dippers have huge surprise value and can be extremely difficult to play especially if the bowler is very accurate and manages the yorker rather than a genuine full toss.
Intimidatory bowling
Intimidatory or aggressive bowling refers to a legitimate tactic of bowling with the intent of hitting the batsman with the ball. This is somewhat restrained by some of the laws of cricket, including those which disallow excessive use of bouncers and any use of the "beamer", which is aimed directly at the head on the full. Successful intimidatory bowling usually employs a mixture of bouncers and short-pitched deliveries aimed at the batsman's head, chest, and rib cage. The intention is to disrupt a batsman's focus, and ultimately induce a mistake that leads to the loss of the batsman's wicket. Often the eventual wicket will not fall to a bouncer or short-pitched ball, but instead to a more standard delivery that the batsman is no longer expecting, or is rendered temporarily unable to play in his usual way (by fear, pain, surprise, or some combination of the three).
One classic approach is to deliver several short balls into the batsman's chest, forcing the batsman onto the back foot to defend with a high bat, and then fire in a fast yorker, aimed at the base of the stumps. If the batsman is expecting to play a high back foot defensive, the time it takes to shift their weight to play the ball at their feet may just be enough for the delivery to surprise the batsman and cause him or her to panic, and thus cause the loss of their wicket.
A fast bowler can also employ intimidatory tactics to anger (or frustrate) a batsman into playing a rash shot, by directing the ball to strike the batsman. Intimidatory bowling plays a part in every fast bowlers attack to varying degrees, and even the best batsmen sometimes sustain serious injuries that can force them off the field and out of the game. In almost all instances verbal 'sledging' accompanies the attack.
Elite use of intimidatory tactics used by fast bowlers are often unsportsmanlike and promote violence, and are shunned by many teams and players. Unsportsmanlike conduct (or unsporting behaviour, or archaically ungentlemanly conduct) is a term used in many professional Sports to refer to a particular One such incident was the Bodyline series, where the English Cricket Captain at the time (1932-1933), Douglas Jardine, employed a tactic to restrain the skills of the Australian cricket team, and their star player, Donald Bradman. For information about the British code name "Bodyline" for the WWII V-2 rocket, see Operation Crossbow. Douglas Robert Jardine ( October 23, 1900 - June 18, 1958) was an English Cricketer and captain of the England The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. Sir Donald George Bradman, AC (27 August 1908 – 25 February 2001 often referred to as The Don, was an Australian Cricketer widely The tactic was to bowl, very fast and very short, at the batsman's body, intent on inflicting personal injury. After the Bodyline series, as it became known, several laws of cricket were altered to prevent such a tactic used again, such as a restriction on the number of fielders that can occupy the rear leg-side quadrant of the cricket to two (excluding the wicketkeeper). For information about the British code name "Bodyline" for the WWII V-2 rocket, see Operation Crossbow.
Tactics
Because nearly all cricket teams will contain several fast bowlers of differing speeds and styles, the tactics of fast bowling depends not only on changing the field placements but on changing the bowler and the types and sequences of deliveries bowled as well. Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either The precise tactics will be determined by many factors including the state of the game, the state of the pitch, the weather and the relative energy and skill levels of the various players available to bowl.
Fast bowling requires a great deal of energy and most fast bowlers can be expected to bowl a spell of 4-6 overs in a row before requiring a rest. Depending on conditions, they may be required by the team to bowl a longer spell although this usually results in drop in effectiveness toward the end of the spell as the bowler tires. Choosing which balls to bowl as part of a spell and what order to bowl them in is a tactical discipline all of its own.
Deployment of bowlers
Most sides contain a mixture of fast bowlers who specialise in aggressive and/or seam techniques and those who specialise in swing. When the ball is new it usually swings very little but it will generate a lot of speed, bounce and variation off the seam (because the seam on a new ball stands out more than that on an old ball). So seam bowlers are usually chosen to bowl with the new ball either at the start of an innings or when a new ball has been taken, an option the fielding side has once a ball is 80 overs old. In contrast, swing bowlers are more effective once the ball has started to wear and reverse swing requires a well worn ball. Reverse swing bowlers can continue to extract large amounts of movement from balls well over 80 overs old.
Two seam bowlers are usually expected to bowl in tandem for the first 10 or so overs, after which time the ball may begin to swing and one or both of them is substituted for a swing bowler or a spin bowler. Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. This is why most sides opt to include at least two seam bowlers who are known as opening bowlers. Seam bowling usually becomes very ineffective with older balls and is virtually useless after 60 overs or so and as a result the bowling places in the side are filled with swing or spin bowlers.
Deployment of fielders
Fielding for a fast bowler is usually aggressive, that is to say that it is set up for the purpose of getting a wicket rather than preventing the flow of runs. On occasion, particularly when the fielding team is batting last and is chasing a total, a defensive field is required. As a general rule it is difficult to bowl defensive fast bowling - that task is better suited to spin bowlers.
The various techniques of fast bowling lend themselves to three ways of getting the batsman out. They may be bowled or caught LBW either by speed, the yorker or by seam or swing causing the ball to move in toward them, in which case placement of fielders is irrelevant. In the Sport Cricket, leg before wicket (LBW is one of the ways in which a Batsman can be dismissed. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease Swing or seam may be employed to move the ball away from the batsman in which case the ball will strike the outside edge of the bat and may be caught in the slips. A badly-played bouncer will either fly off the outside edge as above or maybe result in a mistimed shot that can be caught near the boundary.
It follows that the most effective field placements for aggressive fast bowling are to pack the outfield and the slips cordon and gully since these are the positions in which the batsman is most likely to be caught. Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either Placing fielders in the outfield has the additional benefit of limiting the number of places where a batsman can score a boundary. Boundary has two distinct meanings in the Sport of Cricket; (i the edge or boundary of the playing field and (ii a manner of scoring Other close fielding positions such as silly mid on/off and the various midwicket positions are generally redundant. Fielding in the Sport of Cricket is what fielders do to collect the ball when it is struck by the Batsman, in such a way as to either
In contrast, a defensive field for fast bowling will pack the positions such as gully, point and cover in a full circle round the batsman. One or two slips and one or two outfielders will remain in case of a catch. Because batsmen usually try and play shots down on to the ground rather than risking being caught this field can stop most boundaries while remaining close enough to the pitch to attempt to run out the batsmen if they attempt a single. For the term run out, used in equestrian sport see Refusal Run out is a method of dismissal in the Sport Defensive fast bowling is difficult because a skilled batsman set this type of field will simply trust his or her technique and score from boundaries that they hit over the midwicket ring and away from any outfielders present.
Bowling an over
The primary goal of any bowler is to take the wicket of the batsman. The secondary goal is to prevent the batsman scoring runs. The latter is often a route to the former as a batsman deprived of runs will often become frustrated and is more likely to attempt risky shots in order to score. In addition, stopping the batsman from scoring will usually mean that the bowler gets to bowl several consecutive balls at the same batsman, giving them the opportunity to set up some kind of tactical sequence.
Counterintuitively, the best approach for a fast bowler is not to aim consistent balls at the wicket as this prompts an obvious and easy response. The batsman can simply defend his or her wicket and pick off the occasional bad ball. A far more effective approach is to create uncertainty by bowling a line and length at which the batsman is unsure as to whether they should attack, defend or leave and by mixing up the types of delivery so the batsman is never sure what type of ball is coming next. The majority of balls in a well-bowled spell will usually be swinging or seaming balls that pass at waist height, just outside the off stump and move away from the batsman because this is the area where it is most difficult for the batsman to choose the most appropriate response. Common variations and their tactical application are discussed below.
The precise balls chosen by the bowler during an over will depend on the situation of the match, the skill of the batsman and how settled the batsman is at the crease. It is common to attack batsmen who have recently come to the wicket with successive short-pitched balls or bouncers with the dual aim of getting them out and stopping them from settling into an attacking mode of play for as long as possible. Short balls are more risky against batsmen who have settled at the crease since they make easy boundaries, but most bowlers will still mix a few in during a spell, just to keep the batsman guessing.
Most batsmen prefer to play shots off either the front or back foot and this will influence the bowlers' choice of balls. It is difficult to play short balls off the front foot so bowlers will bowl more short balls at batsmen who prefer the front foot. Likewise, it is hard to play yorkers and full pitched balls off the back foot so those are the deliveries of choice against back foot players. If a bowler can successfully get a batsman playing off his or her less-favoured foot with a sequence of appropriately pitched balls he can then gain an element of surprise by suddenly throwing down the opposite kind of ball - a yorker after a succession of short balls or a bouncer after a succession of full balls. An unobservant or complacent batsman can easily be caught unawares and lose their wicket.
Another variation, especially against batsmen who have settled at the wicket and are starting to score more freely, is to switch the line of attack from the area just outside the off stump to bowling directly at leg stump. The batsman has to react to these balls as he otherwise runs a high risk of being bowled or trapped LBW but as he or she does so his or her bat moves over to the leg side, leaving the off side vulnerable. In the Sport Cricket, leg before wicket (LBW is one of the ways in which a Batsman can be dismissed. If the bowler can induce enough movement to the off side with swing or seam techniques it will often catch the outside edge of the bat offering a catch or strike the stumps directly.
It must be remembered that surprise is a big element in bowling, and bowlers will often shun these common tactical approaches in the hope of simply confusing the batsman into playing the wrong shot. For example, bowling a yorker at a new batsman who will likely be expecting bouncers or at least standard line and length balls has been the cause of many batsmen losing their wicket first ball. In Cricket, a yorker is a delivery where the Cricket ball bounces on the Cricket pitch on or near the Batsman 's popping crease In the Sport of Cricket, a bouncer (or bumper) is a type of delivery, usually bowled by a fast bowler.
Notable fast bowlers
These are the top rated fast bowlers who peaked with more than 900 points in the LG ICC cricket ratings as of December, 2006. The ICC Player Rankings are a widely followed system of rankings for international Cricketers based on their recent performances [2]
| Rank | Name | Played for | Highest rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sydney Barnes | England | 932 |
| 2 | George Lohmann | England | 931 |
| 3 | Imran Khan | Pakistan | 922 |
| 4 | Glenn McGrath | Australia | 914 |
| 5 | Curtly Ambrose | West Indies | 912 |
| 6 | Ian Botham | England | 911 |
| 7 | Malcolm Marshall | West Indies | 910 |
| 8 | Richard Hadlee | New Zealand | 909 |
| 8 | Waqar Younis | Pakistan | 909 |
| 8 | Shaun Pollock | South Africa | 909 |
| 11 | Alan Davidson | Australia | 908 |
| 12 | Alec Bedser | England | 903 |
Some other well known fast bowlers
- Shane Bond
- Brett Lee
- Shoaib Akhtar
- Allan Donald
- Fazal Mahmood
- Joel Garner
- Michael Holding
- Kapil Dev
- Harold Larwood
- Dennis Lillee
- Ray Lindwall
- Keith Miller
- Sarfraz Nawaz
- Mike Procter
- Andy Roberts
- Fred Spofforth
- Brian Statham
- Jeff Thomson
- Fred Trueman
- Frank Tyson
- Courtney Walsh
- Wasim Akram
- Bob Willis
See also
Notes
- ^ See, for example, the Cricinfo profiles for Ewen Chatfield, Albie Morkel, and Graeme Labrooy. Sydney Francis Barnes ( April 19, 1873 &ndash December 26, 1967) usually known simply as S The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. George Lohmann (June 2 1865 in London – December 1 1901 in Worcester Western Cape, South Africa) is regarded as one the greatest bowlers The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. Imran Khan Niazi ( عمران خان نیازی) (born November 25 1952) is a Pakistani Cricketer and politician The Pakistan National Cricket Team is an international Cricket team representing Pakistan. Glenn Donald McGrath AM (pronounced) (born 9 February 1970 in Dubbo New South Wales) nicknamed "Pigeon" is a former Australian cricket player The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. Curtly Elconn Lynwall Ambrose (born September 21, 1963) nicknamed the 'Little Bird' following on from Joel Garner who was nicknamed "Big Bird" The West Indian cricket team, also known colloquially as The Windies or The West Indies, is a multi-national Cricket team representing Sir Ian Terence Botham, OBE (born 24 November 1955) is a former England Test Cricketer and Test team captain and current The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. Malcolm Denzil Marshall ( April 18, 1958 - November 4, 1999) was a West Indian Cricketer Primarily a Fast bowler The West Indian cricket team, also known colloquially as The Windies or The West Indies, is a multi-national Cricket team representing Sir Richard John Hadlee, MBE, (born July 3, 1951) is a former New Zealand Cricketer He played club and provincial cricket for The New Zealand cricket team, also known as the Black Caps or BLACKCAPS, played their first Test in 1929-30 against England in Christchurch Waqar Younis Maitla ( Urdu: وقار یونس, born November 16, 1969) Nicknamed Wiki, is a former Pakistani The Pakistan National Cricket Team is an international Cricket team representing Pakistan. Shaun Maclean Pollock (born July 16, 1973 in Port Elizabeth) is a retired South African Cricketer who is considered a bowling The South African cricket team, also known as The Proteas are a national Cricket team representing South Africa Alan Keith Davidson, AM, MBE (born June 14 1929 Lisarow, Gosford New South Wales) is a former Australian Cricketer of the 1950s The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. Sir Alec Victor Bedser, CBE, (born 4 July 1918) was a professional English Cricketer chairman of selectors for the English national The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. Shane Edward Bond (born 7 June, 1975 in Christchurch, New Zealand) is a New Zealand Cricketer He has represented Brett Lee (born 8 November 1976 in Wollongong, New South Wales) is an Australian Cricketer Style Lee is an express bowler Shoaib Akhtar ( Urdu:) (born 13 August 1975 in Rawalpindi, Punjab) is a Pakistani Cricketer and is the fastest Allan Anthony Donald, (born 20 October 1966 in Bloemfontein) was a South African Cricketer and one of their most successful pace bowlers ever Fazal Mahmood, also known as Hero of The Oval ( February 18 1927 &ndash May 30 2005) was a Pakistani Cricketer regarded Joel Garner (born December 16, 1952 in Christ Church Barbados) also known as "Big Joel" or "Big Bird" is a former West Indian Michael Anthony Holding (born February 16, 1954 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former West Indian Cricketer One of the Kapil Dev Ramlal Nikhanj ( कपिल देव) ( (born 6 January 1959 Chandigarh) better known as Kapil Dev, is a former Indian cricketer Harold Larwood ( November 14, 1904 - July 22, 1995) was an English Cricket player an extremely quick and accurate fast Dennis Keith Lillee, MBE (born 18 July 1949 in Subiaco, Western Australia) is a former Australian Cricketer rated as the "outstanding fast Raymond Russell Lindwall (October 3 1921 - June 23 1996 was a Cricketer who represented Australia in 61 Tests from 1946 to 1960 Keith Ross Miller MBE (28 November 1919 &ndash 11 October 2004 was an Australian Test Cricketer and a World War II pilot of the Royal Australian Air Force Sarfraz Nawaz Malik ( Urdu: سرفراز نواز ملک) (born December 1, 1948, Lahore, Punjab) is a former Michael John Procter (born 15 September 1946) is a former South African Cricketer A fast bowler and hard hitting batsman his chances for Anderson Montgomery Everton 'Andy' Roberts (born 29 January 1951 on the island of Antigua in the West Indies) is a former West Indian Frederick Robert "Fred" Spofforth (born in Balmain in the outskirts of Sydney on 9 September 1853, died in Surrey, John Brian "George" Statham CBE ( June 17, 1930, Denton, Manchester – June 10, 2000, Stockport Jeffrey Robert Thomson (born 16 August 1950 in Greenacre New South Wales) is a former Australian Cricketer Known as "Thommo" he was one of the fastest Frederick Sewards Trueman OBE (February 6 1931 – July 1 2006 was a Yorkshire and England Cricketer regarded as one of the greatest Frank Holmes Tyson (born 6 June 1930 in Farnworth, near Bolton, Lancashire) was an England Cricketer of the Courtney Andrew Walsh (born October 30, 1962 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former international Cricketer ( fast bowler Wasim Akram ( Urdu: وسیم اکرم) (born June 3, 1966 in Lahore, Punjab) is a former Pakistani Cricketer Robert ("Bob" George Dylan Willis (born in Sunderland 30 May 1949) is a former Cricketer who played for Surrey, Darren_Gough_bowlingjpg|thumb|250px|right| Darren Gough bowling]] In the Sport of Cricket, bowling is the action of propelling the ball toward Spin bowling, sometimes known as slow bowling, is a technique used for bowling in the Sport of Cricket. In the sport of Cricket there are two broad categories of bowlers: pace bowlers and spin bowlers Cricket is a team sport played between two teams of eleven It is known for its rich terminology Cricket is a Sport that generates a large number of Statistics.
- ^ LG ICC Best-Ever Test Bowling Ratings. ICC. Retrieved on 2006-12-29. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II
References
- Hughes, Simon (2002), Jargonbusting: The Analyst's Guide to Test Cricket, Channel 4 books, ISBN 0-7522-6508-3
- Lewis, Tony (Editor) (1995), MCC Masterclass, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 0-297-81578-4
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