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The last stage of the Falklands War was the liberation of Port Stanley. The Falklands War (Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur also called the Falklands Conflict/Crisis, was fought in 1982 between Argentina and the "Port Stanley" redirects here For the town in Canada see Port Stanley Ontario.

With the last natural defence line at Mount Tumbledown breached, the Argentine town defences of Port Stanley began to falter. The Battle of Mount Tumbledown was an engagement in the Falklands War, one of a series of battles that took place during the British advance towards Stanley. "Port Stanley" redirects here For the town in Canada see Port Stanley Ontario. In the morning gloom, one company commander got lost and his junior officers became despondent. Private Santiago Carrizo of the 3rd Regiment described how a platoon commander ordered them to take up positions in the houses and "if a Kelper resists, shoot him", but the entire company did nothing of the kind. A platoon leader ( US Army) or platoon commander (more common in Commonwealth militaries and the USMC) is the officer in command of a The Falkland Islanders, most of whom are of Welsh or Scottish descent are nicknamed kelpers because the islands are surrounded by large [1]

On 14 June, the commander of the Argentine garrison in Stanley, Mario Menéndez, surrendered to the Major General Jeremy Moore. Major General Sir John Jeremy Moore KCB, OBE, MC & Bar ( 5 July 1928 &ndash 15 September 2007 9,800 Argentine troops were made prisoners of war and some 4,167 were repatriated to Argentina on the ocean liner Canberra alone. Repatriation (from late Latin repatriare - to restore someone to his homeland is the process of return of Refugees or Soldiers to their homes For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. An ocean liner is a ship designed to transport people from one Seaport to another along regular long-distance Maritime routes according to a schedule History P&O built the Canberra to operate the combined P&O- Orient Line service between the United Kingdom and Australia.

The terms of the surrender document were slightly changed after negotiation by General Menéndez. The unconditional surrender was changed to merely a surrender, though in practical terms the change was not material. Unconditional surrender is a surrender without conditions except for those provided by International law. Surrender is when Soldiers, nations or other combatants stop fighting and become Prisoners of war, either as

Surrender document

Present at the signing of the letter of surrender were:

The letter of surrender read;

“

Headquarters, Land Forces
Falkland Islands

INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
I, the undersigned, Commander of all the Argentine land, sea and air forces in the Falkland Islands [Menéndez's signature, scribbled over the crossed-out word of "unconditional"] surrender to Major General J. The Navy of the Argentine Republic or Armada of the Argentine Republic ( Armada de la República Argentina — ARA is the Navy The Argentine Army ( Ejército Argentino, EA is the land armed force branch of the Argentine military and the senior military service of the country The Argentine Air Force ( Fuerza Aérea Argentina or FAA) is the national aviation branch of the Armed forces of Argentina. The Royal Marines ( RM) are the marine corps and amphibious Infantry of the United Kingdom and along with the Royal Navy The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers ( RE) and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps The Royal Artillery, is the common name for the Royal Regiment of Artillery, is an Arm of the British Army. The Special Air Service ( SAS) is a Special forces regiment within the British Army which has served as a model and inspiration for the special The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. J. MOORE CB OBE MC* as representative of Her Britannic Majesty's Government.

Under the terms of this surrender all Argentine personnel in the Falkland Islands are to muster at assembly points which will be nominated by General Moore and hand over their arms, ammunition, and all other weapons and warlike equipment as directed by General Moore or appropriate British officers acting on his behalf.

Following the surrender all personnel of the Argentinian Forces will be treated with honour in accordance with the conditions set out in the Geneva Convention of 1949. The Third Geneva Convention (or GCIII) of 1949 one of the Geneva Conventions, is a treaty agreement that primarily concerns the treatment of Prisoners of They will obey any directions concerning movement and in connection with accommodation.

This surrender is to be effective from 2359 hours ZULU on 14 June (2059 hours local) and includes those Argentine Forces presently deployed in and around Port Stanley, those others on East Falkland, (Menendez's signature) West Falkland and all outlying islands. East Falkland (Isla Soledad the largest of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic, has an area of 6605 square kilometres (2550 sq mi. West Falkland is the second largest of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic, with an area of approximately 4532 km² (5413 km² including the adjacent

[Menéndez's signature] Commander Argentine Forces
[Moore's signature] J. J. MOORE Major General
[Pennicott's signature] Witness
2359 hours 14 June 1982

 ”

On 20 June, the British retook the South Sandwich Islands, (which involved accepting the surrender of the Southern Thule Garrison at the Corbeta Uruguay base) and declared hostilities to be over. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( SGSSI) is a British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Southern Thule is a collection of the three southernmost Islands in the South Sandwich Islands: Bellingshausen, Cook, and Thule (Morrell Corbeta Uruguay was the Argentine military outpost established in November 1976 on the island of Morrell, Southern Thule, in the South Sandwich Islands Corbeta Uruguay was established in 1976, but the Argentine base was only contested through diplomatic channels by the UK until 1982.

The war lasted 74 days, with 255 British and 649 Argentine soldiers, marines, sailors, and airmen, and three civilian Falklanders killed. Falkland Islanders (also called Kelpers, Falklanders; Malvinenses Malvineros/as are the People of the British overseas territory

The British Government decreed that all classified information would be available to the public in the year 2082.

The surrender document is on display at the Imperial War Museum in London. The Imperial War Museum is a Museum in London, England featuring military vehicles weapons war memorabilia an extensive library open to the public [2] As noted in the museum, the time of surrender was backdated three hours in order that both Zulu time (UTC) and the local time were both recorded as June 14th even though technically it was already June 15th in London, in order to prevent possible confusion by Argentine troops who might have mistakenly thought that they were permitted to keep fighting until the next day, June 15th.

References

  1. ^ Max Hastings & Simon Jenkins, The Battle For The Falklands, p. Sir Max Hastings, FRSL (born December 28, 1945) is a British Journalist, editor, Historian and Author Sir Simon Jenkins (born 10 June 1943) is a British Newspaper Columnist currently associated with The Guardian 307
  2. ^ http://london.iwm.org.uk/server/show/ConMediaFile.2703 Retrieved 2004-03-24
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