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A Fachhochschule (plural: Fachhochschulen) or University of Applied Sciences is a university sometimes specialized in certain topical areas (e. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects g. technology or business) but is mostly without doctoral programs. Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich The Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a tiny doubly landlocked Alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation An increasing number of Fachhochschulen are simply named Hochschule, which is also the generic term in Germany for all institutions awarding academic degrees in higher education. Due to the bologna process, Universitäten and Fachhochschulen award legally equivalent academic Bachelor's and Master's degrees. The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords is to create the European higher education area by making Academic degree standards and quality assurance standards [1]

Universities of Applied Sciences are focused on the transferability of professional skills. The Swiss lawmaker calls Fachhochschulen and universities "separate but equal"[2]. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Just like more academically oriented research universities, the UAS are able to issue both Bachelor and Master degrees. A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and In Switzerland, they may run doctoral programs when the degree itself is awarded by a partner institution which is allowed to, as some German Fachhochschulen also co-run doctoral programs, with doctoral degrees being awarded by the partner research university. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation [3]

Contents

Germany

The Fachhochschule (FH) or University of Applied Sciences and Arts is a type of German institution of higher education that emerged in the early 1970s and differs from a traditional university mainly through its vocational orientation. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects Subjects taught at a Fachhochschule include engineering, computer science, business & management, arts & design, communication studies, social service and other professional fields.

The Diplom (FH) is the traditional degree awarded at a Fachhochschule. Actual coursework generally totals eight semesters (four years) of full-time study with various options for specialization. In addition, there are one or two practical training terms to provide hands-on experience in a real working environment. The program concludes with the final examination and a thesis which usually is an extensive investigation of a current practical or scientific aspect of the profession.

In an effort to make educational degrees more compatible within Europe, the German Diplom (FH) degree will be phased out and replaced by the European bachelor and master degree by 2010. The Diplom (FH) is considered equivalent to a four years Bachelors degree in U.S. or UK. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

The Fachhochschule represents a close relationship between higher education and the employment system. The students’ up-to-date knowledge of the field enhances their preparation for their profession. Their practical orientation makes them very attractive for employers. [4]

Today there are also some research institutes at Fachhochschulen. The research projects are usually sponsored by industry. The German universities of applied sciences enjoy a high importance for the German industry and they have several partnerships with the local industry. Nevertheless, in Germany the right to confer doctoral degrees is still reserved to research universities. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects [5]

Bologna process

Main article: Bologna process

Due to the Bologna process, most German universities, Fachchochschulen and Berufsakademien (Universities of Cooperative Education) have ceased admitting students to programs leading to the traditional German "Diplom", but apply now the new EU degree standard of Bachelor and Masters degrees. The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords is to create the European higher education area by making Academic degree standards and quality assurance standards The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords is to create the European higher education area by making Academic degree standards and quality assurance standards A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in A bachelor is a man above the Age of majority who has never been married (see single) In line with the Bologna process, Bachelor's and Master's degrees awarded by universities, Fachhochschulen and accredited Berufsakademien are legally equivalent. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects However, the Diplom (FH) and Diplom (BA) are legally equivalent to a bachelor's degree, while the Diplom awarded by a university is at Master's level. [1] With a Master's from either it is now possible to enter a doctoral degree program at a research university, but a graduate with a Bachelor's degree from either is normally unable to proceed directly to a doctoral degree program in Germany (US schools only require a Bachelor degree for admission to doctoral programs, but require additional coursework for students lacking a Master). [1] Also, with the Master's degree of either of the institutions a graduate can enter the höheren Dienst (higher service) career for civil servants. [1][6]

Austria

The Austrian government decided to establish Fachhochschulen in 1990. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) In the academic year of 2004/05, there were 18 institutions officially considered as Fachhochschulen plus a number of other providers of Fachhochschulstudiengängen with a total of 25,554 students. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. About a third of the 136 Fachhochschulstudiengänge are organized as part-time courses of studies.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany, 10/10/2003, version of 22/09/2005
  2. ^ Federal Law on Universities of Applied Sciences, Switzerland
  3. ^ [http://www.ma.uni-heidelberg.de/ag/grk886/index_e.html "Molecular imaging methods for the analysis of gene and protein expression"]. University of Heidelberg. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
  4. ^ © 2006 by Studienberatung USA in der Fachhochschule Hannover, an Education USA Student Advising Center for Lower Saxony, affiliated with the U. S. Department of State, Washington. Adapted from: G. B. Porter, Federal Republic of Germany: a Study of the Educational System of the FRG and a Guide to the Academic Placement of Students in Educational Institutions of the United States. (American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, c1986)
  5. ^ Auszüge aus dem Hochschulrahmengesetz der BRD. German Rectors Conference. Retrieved on 2008-06-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem
  6. ^ Standing Conference of the Ministers of Internal Affairs of the Länder (IMK) in the Federal Republic of Germany, 07/12/2007.

See also

A vocational university (professional university or college of higher vocational studies is an institution of Higher education and sometimes Research, which Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable Ammattikorkeakoulu, or yrkeshögskola in Swedish, abbreviated amk, is a Finnish institution of higher education.
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