| Fabyan Windmill | |
| Old Holland Mill Old Dutch Mill Dutch Windmill Dutch Mill |
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| Windmill | |
 Fabyan Windmill in January 2008
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| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Illinois |
| Region | Kane County, Illinois |
| Municipality | Geneva, Illinois |
| Elevation | 219 m (719 ft) |
| Coordinates | |
| Height | 20. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Kane County is located in the US state of Illinois. In 2000 the population of the County was 404119 Geneva is a suburb of Chicago located in extreme eastern Kane County Illinois. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit 73 m (68 ft) |
| Author | Louis Frederick Backhaus (original) Rasmussen (reconstruction) John Johnson (reconstruction) Lucas Verbij (restoration) |
| Material | wood |
| Date | between 1848 - 1880 (estimated) |
| Owner | Friedrich Brockmann (1875—1887) Louis Frederick Backhaus (1875—1877) Herman Volberduig (1877—1885) Fred Runge (1887—1914) Colonel George Fabyan (1914—1939) Kane County Forest Preserve (1939—present) |
| For public | Yes |
| Visitation | 1pm - 4pm (CST) (Saturdays and Sundays: May 15th through October 15th) |
| Website: www.kaneforest.com | |
The Fabyan Windmill is an authentic, working Dutch windmill dating from the 1850s located in Geneva, Illinois. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving The Dutch architecture has played an important role in the international discource on architecture in three era's A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind Geneva is a suburb of Chicago located in extreme eastern Kane County Illinois. The 68 feet (21 m), five-story wooden smock mill sits upon the onetime estate of Colonel George Fabyan, but is now part of the Kane County Forest Preserve District. A storey (spelled story in the USA only floor, deck or level is the level of a Building above (or below the Ground. Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs The smock mill is a type of Windmill that consists of a sloping horizontally weatherboarded tower usually with six or eight sides on top of which is a roof or cap which Kane County is located in the US state of Illinois. In 2000 the population of the County was 404119 nature reserve ( natural reserve, nature preserve, natural preserve) is a Protected area of importance for Wildlife, flora
In 1979, the windmill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of The following year, the windmill was selected to be on a U.S. postage stamp as part of a series of five American windmills included in a stamp booklet called "WINDMILLS USA". This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the United States of America (USA. [1]
Contents |
History
During the mid-19th century, the Fabyan Windmill was constructed by a German craftsman, Louis Blackhaus,[1] in York Township between Elmhurst and Oak Brook, Illinois. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as York Township is located in DuPage County, Illinois. The population was 124553 at the 2000 census. Elmhurst is an affluent Suburb of Chicago in DuPage County, Illinois. Oak Brook is an affluent Suburb of Chicago in DuPage County, in Illinois. It originally operated as a custom grinding mill. A grinding mill is a Unit operation designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces [1][2][3][4]
By the early 20th century, the windmill had fallen into a state of disrepair. In 1914, George Fabyan purchased the disused windmill for approximately $8,000. He then had it moved to its present location in Geneva just on the east side of the Fox River, close to Illinois Route 25. This article is about a tributary beginning in far southeastern Wisconsin of the Illinois River Illinois Route 25 is a state road in northeast Illinois. It runs north from U Fabyan spent an estimated $75,000 to have it moved, reconstructed, and restored. [2]
The Edgar E. Belding Company of West Chicago was contracted by Fabyan to move the windmill from York Center. West Chicago, affectionately known as "Little Mexico" is a city in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It was slowly dismantled piece by piece, with Roman numerals carved into the beams and braces to facilitate correct reconstruction. Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. Some of the largest beams had to be hauled by a team of mules. In its common modern meaning a mule is the offspring of a male Donkey and a female Horse, which is classified as a kind of F1 hybrid. [2]
The windmill was reassembled on its present site by a Danish millwright named Rasmussen, with the assistance of John Johnson and six others. The term Dane may refer to People with a Danish ancestral or ethnic identity whether living in Denmark, emigrants or the descendants of emigrants The trade of millwright is concerned with the construction and maintenance of machinery After nineteen months, the relocation and reconstruction were completed. [2][4][5] The mill was a wonder in its day, because it is thought to be the only fully automatic wind-driven mill of its type. [2]
George Fabyan died in 1936, and his wife died two years later. The estate was then sold by the executors of the will to the Kane County Forest Preserve District for $70,500. [5]
Structure
The giant cypress wood beams, trimmed with black walnut, are all hand joined and doweled with wood dowels. Cypress is the name applied to many Plants in the conifer family Cupressaceae (cypress family Juglans nigra, commonly known as black walnut or American walnut, is a tree Species native to eastern North America. Joinery is that part of Woodworking that involves joining together pieces of wood to create furniture structures toys and other items A dowel is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of Wood, Plastic or Metal. [1][2] In fact, there are no metal nails used inside the structure. [4] Even the original gearing was hand-made of hickory and maple with all five floors containing different mechanisms. This is the page for mechanical Gears For other uses see Gear (disambiguation For the gear-like device used to drive a roller chain see Sprocket Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek κάρυον " Nut " are commonly known as Hickory. Acer ( maple) is a Genus of Trees or Shrubs They are variously classified in a family of their own the Aceraceae, or This article covers the various different major pieces of mill machinery to be found in Windmills, Watermills and Horse mills It does not cover [2][4][5]
The windmill was a functioning mill used by the Fabyans for grinding several types of grain including corn, wheat, rye, and oats. Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Rye ( Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain and forage crop Oats redirects here It may mean either the common cereal oat discussed here or any cultivated or wild species of the Genus Avena. It also served as a grain mill for Fabyan's herd of prized Jersey cattle. Jersey cattle are a small honey-brown breed of Dairy cattle. Originally bred on the British Channel Island of Jersey, the breed is popular for the [2]
At the mill's top, or cap, is a huge cogged wheel called the brake wheel, which was turned by wind blowing against the sails. This is the page for mechanical Gears For other uses see Gear (disambiguation For the gear-like device used to drive a roller chain see Sprocket Windmills are powered by their sails. These sails are found in different designs from the primitive Common Sails to the advanced Patent sails. The sails are covered with canvas sailcloths to help catch the wind. The sails had to be entirely reconstructed by Rasmussen and John Johnson, because they were missing when Fabyan bought the mill. The brake wheel, located in the cap, rotates an upright shaft running the height of the mill. This shaft supplied power to all of the mill's operations. [2]
There is a set of belt-driven elevators, remarkable for its time, that moved the grains from chutes to hoppers, and even from floor to floor, making the mill almost fully automatic. History Grain elevators are a common sight in the grain-growing areas of the world such as the North American Prairies Larger terminal elevators are Most other mills required workers to hand shovel materials between operations. [2]
During its reconstruction, the Colonel had a new foundation poured, which created a basement. A foundation is a Structure that transfers loads to the earth A basement is one or more floors of a building that are either completely or partially below the Ground floor. In the basement, he had ovens installed whose vents and chimney extended underground beneath Route 25 to a structure that once stood on the other side. In addition to the ovens, marble slabs and cooling racks were also installed. [2] It is thought that at one time, the windmill basement was an operating bakery. A bakery (also called baker's or bakehouse) is an establishment which produces or/and sells Bread, pies pastries Cakes Biscuits During the flour rationing of World War I, the bakery supposedly produced bread for the Fabyan family and even for their two bears, Tom and Jerry. Rationing is the controlled distribution of resources and scarce goods or services World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All [3][6] However, the extent of use of the mill's bakery is debatable due to an inadequate oven draft. [2]
Today
Kane County considered the windmill's demolition as early as 1990 when it became structurally unsafe for public inspection. Demolition is the opposite of Construction: the tearing-down of Buildings and other Structures It contrasts with deconstruction However, local citizens began fighting to keep the mill intact. In 1997, the Forest Preserve District contracted third-generation Dutch windmill maker Lucas Verbij to fully restore the windmill for a cost of over $900,000. Building restoration describes the process of the renewal and refurbishment of the fabric of a Building. It made its public debut in June 2005. [1][5]
The Fabyan Windmill is the best example of an authentic Dutch windmill in the United States, actually it's a treasure and would be the most popular windmill in the Netherlands (we currently have 1000 windmills). The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands
—Lucas Verbij[1]
The grinding mechanisms to make flour have been restored and are in use today by mill volunteers who do demonstrations to the public. [1]
Even now, the varnish from 1915 is in near perfect condition because the climate inside the mill varies little from season to season due to its superior construction,[2] and the Roman numeral markings carved into the beams used in original reconstruction are still visible. Varnish is a transparent, hard protective finish or film primarily used in Wood finishing but also for other materials [1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Forest Preserve District of Kane County - Fabyan Windmill.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Larson, Darlene & Hiebert, Laurie (1977), “The Fabyan Legacy”, in Ehresmann, Julia M. , Geneva, Illinois: A History of Its Times and Places, Geneva, Illinois: Geneva Public Library District, pp. Geneva is a suburb of Chicago located in extreme eastern Kane County Illinois. 170-172, ISBN LOC 77-087991
- ^ a b Laukaitis, John J. (2004). Geneva in Vintage Postcards. Arcadia Publishing, 62. ISBN 0-7385-3347-5.
- ^ a b c d Edwards, Jim; Edwards, Wynette (2001). Kane County in Vintage Postcards, 58-59. ISBN 0-7385-1866-2.
- ^ a b c d Haskell, Thomas. Illinois Windmills - Surviving Windmills - Fabyan Windmill. Retrieved on 2008-02-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
- ^ The Forest Preserve District of Kane County - Fabyan Windmill - How Does the Windmill Work?.