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F-86 Sabre

A North American F-86 during the Oshkosh Air Show
Type Fighter aircraft
Manufacturer North American Aviation
Designed by Edgar Schmued
Maiden flight 1 October 1947
Introduced 1949, USAF
Retired 1994, Bolivia
Primary users United States Air Force
Royal Air Force
Pakistan Air Force
Portuguese Air Force
Number built 9,860
Unit cost US$219,457 (F-86E)[1]
US$343,839 (F-86D)
Developed from FJ-1 Fury
Variants Canadair Sabre
North American YF-93
CAC Sabre
FJ Fury

The North American F-86 Sabre (sometimes called the Sabrejet) was an American transonic jet fighter aircraft. EAA AirVenture Oshkosh (formerly The EAA Annual Convention and Fly-In is an annual gathering of Aviation enthusiasts held each summer at Wittman Regional Airport A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts North American Aviation was a major US Aircraft manufacturer, responsible for a number of historic aircraft including the T-6 Texan trainer the Edgar Schmued, German-American aircraft designer (1899 - 1985 was famed for his design of the iconic P-51 Mustang and later the F-86 Sabre. The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces The Portuguese Air Force ( PoAF) (Força Aérea Portuguesa FAP) is the Air force of Portugal. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout North American Aviation was a major US Aircraft manufacturer, responsible for a number of historic aircraft including the T-6 Texan trainer the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Transonic is an Aeronautics term referring to a range of velocities just below and above the Speed of sound (about mach 0 A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed A canonical example of post-war fighter design, the Sabre is best known for its Korean War role where it was pitted against the Soviet MiG-15 and obtained UN air superiority. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Air superiority is the dominance in the Air power of one side's air forces over the other side's during a Military campaign. Although developed in the late 1940s and outdated by the end of the 50's, the Sabre proved adaptable and continued as a front-line fighter in air forces until the last active front line examples were retired by the Bolivian Air Force in 1994.

Its success led to an extended production run that saw over 7,800 aircraft produced between 1946 and 1956, in the United States as well as Japan and Italy. The upgraded Canadair Sabre added another 1,815 airframes, while the CAC CA-27 Avon Sabre saw a production run of 112. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Total production of all variants was 9,860, making it by far the most-produced Western jet fighter.

Contents

Design and development

Initial proposals to meet a USAAF requirement for a single-seat high-altitude day fighter aircraft/escort fighter/fighter bomber were made in late 1944, and were derived from the design of the straight wing FJ Fury being developed for the U.S. Navy. The United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF) was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II. A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed The escort fighter was a World War II concept for a Fighter aircraft designed to escort Bombers to and from their targets Ground-attack aircraft are military aircraft designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as Close air support for and in proximity to their own ground forces WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [2] Performance requirements were met by incorporating a 35 degree swept-back wing with automatic slats (Messerschmitt Me 262 airfoil and Me 262 HG II wing sweep)[3][4] into the design. A swept-wing is a wing Planform common on high-speed Aircraft, with the wing swept back instead of being set at right angles to the Fuselage. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Manufacturing was not begun until after World War II as a result. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The XP-86 prototype, which would become the F-86 Sabre, first flew on 1 October 1947[5] from Muroc Dry Lake, California. A prototype is an original type form or instance of something serving as a typical example basis or standard for other things of the same category Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [6]

The USAF Strategic Air Command had F-86 Sabres in service from 1949 through 1950. The Strategic Air Command (SAC was both a major command and a "specified command" in the U The F-86s were assigned to the 22nd Bomb Wing, the 1st Fighter Wing and the 1st Fighter Interceptor Wing. [7]

The F-86 was produced as both a fighter-interceptor and fighter-bomber. An interceptor aircraft (or simply interceptor) is a type of Fighter aircraft designed specifically to intercept and destroy enemy Aircraft, particularly Ground-attack aircraft are military aircraft designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as Close air support for and in proximity to their own ground forces Several variants were introduced over its production life, with improvements and different armament implemented (see below). The XP-86 (eXperimental Pursuit) was fitted with a J35-C-3 jet engine that produced 4,000 lbf (18 kN) of thrust. This engine was built by GM's Chevrolet division until production was turned over to Allison. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Chevrolet (ˌʃɛvroʊˈleɪ - French origin (also known as Chevy) is a Brand of Automobile, produced by General Motors (GM The Allison Engine Company was a US Aircraft engine manufacturer which was acquired by Rolls-Royce plc in 1995 to become a subsidiary Rolls-Royce Corporation [8] The J47-GE-7 engine was used in the F-86A-1 producing a thrust of 5,200 lbf (23 kN) while the General Electric J73-GE-3 engine of the F-86H produced 9,250 lbf of thrust. [9] The F-86 was the primary U. S. air combat fighter during the Korean War, with significant numbers of the first three production models seeing combat. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the

The fighter-bomber version (F-86H) could carry up to 2,000 pounds (900 kg) of bombs, including an external fuel-type tank that could carry napalm. Napalm is the name given to any of a number of Flammable Liquids used in Warfare often jellied Gasoline. [10]

Both the interceptor and fighter versions carried six Browning M3 . Browning Arms Company was founded in Utah in 1927 It offers a wide variety of Firearms including Shotguns Rifles Pistols and 50 in (12. 7 mm) caliber machine guns in the nose (later versions of the F-86H carried four 20 mm cannons instead of machine guns). The term caliber or calibre designates the interior Diameter of a tube or the exterior diameter of a wire or rod For other uses of the phrase see Machine Gun (disambiguation. Guns were harmonized to converge at 1,000 ft (300 m) in front of the aircraft with one tracer bullet for every five rounds. Tracer ammunition ( tracers) are special Bullets that are modified to accept a small Pyrotechnic charge in their base Most rounds used during the Korean War were API (armor-piercing incendiary) bullets containing magnesium, which were designed to ignite upon impact but performed poorly above 35,000 ft (11,000 m) as the oxygen levels are insufficient to sustain combustion at that height. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the Magnesium (mægˈniːziəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Mg, Atomic number 12 Atomic weight 24 Initially fitted with the Mark 18 manual-ranging computing gun sight, later models used A-1CM radar ranging gunsight which used radar to compute the range of a target. A gyro gunsight is a type of gunsight in which target lead (the amount of aim-off in front of a moving target and bullet drop are allowed-for automatically the sight Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships This would later to prove a significant advantage against MiG opponents over Korea, and fitted to later supersonic fighters such as the F-100 and F-105.

Unguided 2. 75 inch (70 mm) rockets were used on some of the fighters in target practice, but 5 inch (127 mm) rockets were later used in combat operations. A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the The F-86 could also be fitted with a pair of external jettisonable fuel tanks (four on the F-86F beginning in 1953) that extended the range of the aircraft. Fuel is any material that is burned or altered in order to obtain energy

The F-86 Sabre was also license produced by Canadair Limited in Montreal as the Canadair Sabre. Canadair was a civil and military aircraft manufacturer in Canada. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The final variant of the Canadian Sabres, the Mk 6, is generally rated as being one of the most capable of all Sabre variants built anywhere. [11] The last Sabre to be manufactured by Canadair Ltd. Canadair was a civil and military aircraft manufacturer in Canada. (Sabre #1815) now resides at the Western Canada Aviation Museum (WCAM)'s permanent collection in Winnipeg, Canada after being donated by the Pakistan Air Force. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces [12]

Breaking sound barrier and other records

Jackie Cochran in the cockpit of the Canadair F-86 with Chuck Yeager.
Jackie Cochran in the cockpit of the Canadair F-86 with Chuck Yeager. Jacqueline Cochran ( 11 May 1906 &ndash 9 August 1980) was a pioneer American Aviator, considered to be one of the most Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (born February 13 1923 is a retired Brigadier-General in the United States Air Force and a noted Test pilot.

The F-86A set its first official world speed record of 570 mph (920 km/h) in September 1948. [13]

Several people involved with the development of the F-86, including the chief aerodynamicist for the project and one of its other test pilots, claimed that North American test pilot George Welch dived the XP-86 through the sound barrier while on a test flight 26 April 1948. Test pilots are Aviators who fly new and modified Aircraft in specific maneuvers allowing the results to be measured and the design to be evaluated George Welch, Major (United States, USAF ( May 10, 1918 &ndash October 12, 1954) was a World War II Flying WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [14] (Chuck Yeager went supersonic in 1947 in the rocket powered Bell X-1, the first aircraft to sustain supersonic speeds in level flight, making it the first "true" supersonic aircraft. Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (born February 13 1923 is a retired Brigadier-General in the United States Air Force and a noted Test pilot. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout )[15]

On 18 May 1953, Jacqueline Cochran flying a Canadian-built F-86E alongside Chuck Yeager, became the first woman to break the sound barrier. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Jacqueline Cochran ( 11 May 1906 &ndash 9 August 1980) was a pioneer American Aviator, considered to be one of the most Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (born February 13 1923 is a retired Brigadier-General in the United States Air Force and a noted Test pilot. [1]

On 18 November 1952, F-86D-20-NA (SNc. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 51-2945) set a speed record of 698. 505 mph (1,124. 135 km/h). Captain J. Slade Nash flew over a three km course at the Salton Sea in California at a height of only 125 ft (38 m). Another F-86D broke this world record on 16 July 1953, when Lt. Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Col. William Barnes flying the first F-86D-35-NA (51-6145) in the same path of the previous flight, achieved 715. 697 mph (1,151. 803 km/h).

Operational history

Korean War

Sabre at NASM in livery of 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing
Sabre at NASM in livery of 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing

The F-86 entered service with the United States Air Force in 1949, joining the 1st Fighter Wing's 94th Fighter Squadron "Hat-in-the-Ring" and became the primary air-to-air jet fighter used in the Korean War. The National Air and Space Museum (NASM of the Smithsonian Institution is a museum in Washington D The 4th Fighter Wing is a United States Air Force F-15E Strike Eagle wing based at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. The 1st Fighter Wing ( 1 FW) is an air combat unit of the United States Air Force and the host unit at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the With the introduction of the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 into air combat in November 1950, which out-performed all aircraft then assigned to the United Nations, three squadrons of F-86s were rushed to the Far East in December. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security [16] The F-86 could out-turn and out-dive the MiG-15, but the MiG-15 was superior to the F-86 in ceiling, acceleration, rate of climb, and zoom (especially until the introduction of the F-86F in 1953); MiGs flown from bases in Manchuria by Chinese, Korean, and Soviet VVS pilots, were pitted against two squadrons of the 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing forward-based at K-14, Kimpo, Korea. Manchuria ( Romanized Manchu: Manju,, Маньчжурия Mongolian: Манж is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast The Soviet Air Force, also known under the abbreviation VVS, transliterated from Russian: ВВС, Военно-воздушные силы ( Voenno-Vozdushnye The 4th Fighter Wing is a United States Air Force F-15E Strike Eagle wing based at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. Gimpo is a city in Gyeonggi Province South Korea. It borders on Incheon, with which it shares the South Korean side of the Han River [16]

Many of the American pilots were experienced World War II veterans while the North Koreans and the Chinese lacked combat experience, thus accounting for much of the F-86's success. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, [17] However, whatever the actual results may be, it is clear that the F-86 pilots did not have as much success over the better trained Soviet piloted MiG-15s. Although Soviets piloted the majority of MiG-15s that fought in Korea, North Korean and Chinese pilots increased their activity as the war went on. [18][19] The Soviets and their allies periodically contested air superiority in MiG Alley, an area near the mouth of the Yalu River (the boundary between Korea and China) over which the most intense air-to-air combat took place. "MiG Alley" is the name given by US Air Force pilots to the northwestern portion of North Korea, where the Yalu River empties into the Yellow Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The F-86E's all-moving tailplane has been credited with giving the Sabre an important advantage over the MiG-15. A tailplane, also known as horizontal stabilizer, is a small lifting surface located behind the main lifting surfaces of a Fixed-wing aircraft Far greater emphasis has been given to the training, aggressiveness and experience of the F-86 pilots. [17] Despite rules-of-engagement to the contrary, F-86 units frequently initiated combat over MiG bases in the Manchurian "sanctuary. In Military or Police operations the rules of engagement ( ROE) determine when where and how force shall be used (for example a submarine of "[18]

51st FIG "Checkertails" at K-13 air base (Suwon, South Korea) are prepped for a mission
51st FIG "Checkertails" at K-13 air base (Suwon, South Korea) are prepped for a mission

The needs of combat operation balanced against the need to maintain an adequate force structure in Western Europe led to the conversion of the 51st Fighter-Interceptor Wing from the F-80 to the F-86 in December 1951. The 51st Fighter Wing (51 FW is a wing of the United States Air Force and the host unit at Osan Air Base, South Korea. Suwon ( Suwon-si) is the provincial capital of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The 51st Fighter Wing (51 FW is a wing of the United States Air Force and the host unit at Osan Air Base, South Korea. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Two fighter-bomber wings, the 8th and 18th, converted to the F-86F in the spring of 1953. The United States Air Force 8th Fighter Wing (8 FW is the host wing at Kunsan Air Base, Republic of Korea. The United States Air Force 's 18th Wing is the host Wing for Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan and is the Air Force’s largest combat [20] No. 2 Squadron, South African Air Force also distinguished itself flying F-86s in Korea as part of the 18 FBW. History 2 Squadron is currently the premier squadron in the South African Air Force, and has a long history having been involved in every single combat action in which The South African Air Force (SAAF is the Air force of South Africa, with headquarters in Pretoria. [21]

By the end of hostilities, F-86 pilots were credited with shooting down 792 MiGs for a loss of only 78 Sabres, a victory ratio of 10 to 1. [22] Postwar totals officially credited by the USAF are 379 kills for 103 Sabres lost,[23] amounting to a ratio of nearly 4 to 1. Modern research by Dorr, Lake and Thompson has claimed the actual ratio is closer to 2 to 1. [24]

The Soviet claims of downing over 600 Sabres[25] together with the Chinese claims[26] are considered exaggerated by the USAF. . Recent USAF records show that 224 F-86s were lost to all causes, including non-combat losses. But direct comparison of Sabre and MiG losses seem irrelevant, since primary targets for MiGs were heavy B-29 bombers and ground-attack aircraft, while the primary targets for Sabres were MiG-15s.

Of the 40 American pilots who earned the designation of ace during the Korean war, all but one flew the F-86 Sabre. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down several enemy Aircraft during aerial combat (The other was a Navy F4U Corsair night fighter pilot. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout )

Col. Harrison R. Thyng with his F-86 Sabre
Col. Harrison R. Thyng with his F-86 Sabre

1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis

The Republic of China Air Force of Taiwan was one of the first recipients of surplus USAF Sabres. Brigadier General Harrison Reed Thyng ( April 12, 1918 – September 24, 1983) was a Fighter pilot and an officer in the Republic of China Air Force Personnel53000 Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. From December 1954 to June 1956, the ROC Air Force received 160 ex-USAF F-86F-1-NA through F-86F-30-NA fighters. By June 1958, the Nationalist Chinese had built up an impressive fighter force, with 320 F-86Fs and seven RF-86Fs having been delivered.

Sabres and MiGs were shortly to battle each other in the skies of Asia once again in the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis. The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis, also called the 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis, was a conflict that took place between the People's Republic of China (PRC In August 1958, the Chinese Communists of the People's Republic of China attempted to force the Nationalists off of the islands of Quemoy and Matsu by shelling and blockade. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Kinmen, ( Traditional Chinese: 金門 Simplified Chinese: 金门 Hanyu Pinyin: Jīnmén Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén Wades-Giles Nationalist F-86Fs flying CAP over the islands found themselves confronted by Communist MiG-15s and MiG-17s, and there were numerous dogfights. Combat air patrol (CAP is a type of flying mission for Fighter aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

During these battles, the Nationalist Sabres introduced a new element into aerial warfare — under a secret effort designated Operation Black Magic, the US Navy had provided the ROC with the AIM-9 Sidewinder, its first infrared-homing air-to-air missile, which was just entering service with the United States. The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range Air-to-air missile carried by Fighter aircraft and recently certain gunship helicopters Infrared homing refers to a passive missile guidance system which uses the emission from a target of Electromagnetic radiation in the Infrared An air-to-air missile ( AAM) is a guided Missile fired from an Aircraft for the purpose of destroying another aircraft A small team from VMF-323, a Marine FJ-4 Fury squadron with later assistance from China Lake and North American initially modified 20 of the F-86 Sabres to carry a pair of Sidewinders on underwing launch rails and instructed the ROC pilots in their use flying profiles with USAF F-100s simulating the MiG-17. Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 323 (VMFA-323 is a United States Marine Corps F/A-18 Hornet squadron WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake or NAWS China Lake is an airborne weapons testing and training range operated by the United States Navy and its contractors North American Aviation was a major US Aircraft manufacturer, responsible for a number of historic aircraft including the T-6 Texan trainer the The MiGs enjoyed an altitude advantage over the Sabres as they had in Korea and Communist Chinese MiGs routinely cruised over the Nationalist Sabres, only engaging when they had a favorable position. The Sidewinder took away that advantage and proved to be devastatingly effective against the MiGs. [27]

The combat introduction of the Sidewinder took place in a battle on 24 September 1958 when ROC Sabres succeeded in destroying 10 MiGs and scoring two probables without loss to themselves. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In one month of air battles over Quemoy and Matsu, Nationalist pilots tallied a score of no less than 29 MiGs destroyed and eight probables, against a loss of two F-84Gs and no Sabres. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Malayan Emergency/Vietnam War

In 1958–60, Avon Sabres completed numerous ground attack sorties against communist insurgents, during the Malayan Emergency, with No. 3 Squadron RAAF and No. 77 Squadron RAAF in Malaya. The Malayan Emergency was a State of emergency declared by the British colonial government of Malaya in 1948 and lifted in 1960 as well as an insurrection and No 3 Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force fighter squadron No 77 Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force fighter squadron The Federation of Malaya (Persekutuan Tanah Melayu was a federation of 11 states formed on January 31 1948 from the nine Malay states and the British They remained in Malaysia following the Emergency, at RAAF Butterworth. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and From August 1964 onwards these aircraft responded several times to incursions by Indonesian MIG-21 fighter jets. However, the Indonesian aircraft always turned back before crossing the international boundary.

In 1962, a detachment of eight CA-27s, which was later expanded and designated No. 79 Squadron RAAF, was sent from Butterworth to RAAF Ubon, Ubon, Thailand, to assist the Thai and Laotian governments in actions against communist insurgents. No 79 Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force training squadron For the civil use of the facility after July 1974 see Ubon Ratchathani Airport Ubon Royal Thai Air Force Base is a Royal Thai Air Force Ubon Ratchathani is both a City and a Province in Thailand. For the province see Ubon Ratchathani province. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma During the Vietnam War, 79 Sqn performed air defence for the USAF attack aircraft and bombers based at Ubon. [28] The squadron never engaged North Vietnamese aircraft or ground forces and was withdrawn in 1968.

Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

PAF F-86 Sabres which took part in the 1965 and 1971 Indo-Pak wars
PAF F-86 Sabres which took part in the 1965 and 1971 Indo-Pak wars

The F-86 entered service with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) in 1954 with the first batch of 120 aircraft. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces Most of the aircraft were of the F-86F-40 configuration except for a few F-86F-35s. The F-86 was operated by nine PAF squadrons at various times. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces During the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965 the F-86 became the mainstay of the PAF and provided a qualitative edge against a larger Indian Air Force (IAF). The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the [29]

In the air-to-air combat of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the PAF Sabres claimed to have shot down 15 IAF aircraft, comprising of nine Hunters, four Vampires and two Gnats. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [30] India however, admitted a loss of 14 combat aircraft to the PAF's F-86s. [31] The F-86s of the PAF had the advantage of being armed with AIM-9B/GAR-8 Sidewinder missiles whereas none of its Indian adversaries had this capability. The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range Air-to-air missile carried by Fighter aircraft and recently certain gunship helicopters Despite this, the IAF claimed to have shot down 13 PAF Sabres in air-to-air combat. A dogfight or dog fight is Aerial combat between Fighter aircraft. [32] This claim is disputed by the PAF who admit to having lost 13 F-86s Sabres during the whole 23 days but only seven of them during air-to-air battles. A dogfight or dog fight is Aerial combat between Fighter aircraft. [30]

The PAF Sabres performed well in ground attack with claims of destroying around 36 aircraft on the ground at Indian airfields at Halwara, Kalaikunda, Baghdogra, Srinagar and Pathankot. An aerodrome is an area on land or water (including any buildings installations and equipment used for the arrival and departure of aircraft [30][33][34][35] India only acknowledges 22 aircraft lost on the ground to strikes partly attributed to the PAF's F-86s and its bomber B-57 Canberra. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [31]

PAF Sabres pull away after a napalm bombing run. This content has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. You can comment on its removal.
PAF Sabres pull away after a napalm bombing run.
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Pakistani F-86s were also used against advancing columns of the Indian army when No. 19 Squadron Sabres engaged the Indian Army using five inch (127 mm) rockets along with their six Browning M3 . The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based Browning Arms Company was founded in Utah in 1927 It offers a wide variety of Firearms including Shotguns Rifles Pistols and 50 in (12. 7 mm) caliber machine guns. The term caliber or calibre designates the interior Diameter of a tube or the exterior diameter of a wire or rod For other uses of the phrase see Machine Gun (disambiguation. According to Pakistan reports, Indian armor bore the brunt of this particular attack at Wagah. [36] The Number 14 PAF Squadron earned the nickname "Tailchoppers" in PAF for their F-86 operations and actions during the 1965 war. [37]

During the war, United States barred the sales of the F-86 to Pakistan. Nonetheless, Pakistan maintained its F-86 fleet through sales of around 90 Iranian Sabres and Sabre Mk 6 CL-13s (Canadian-made F-86 Sabres) which formed the backbone of the operations during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan. Despite its formidable performance, the F-86 proved vulnerable to the diminutive Folland Gnat, which proved to be fast, nimble and hard to see. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The IAF Gnats, given the nickname "Sabre Slayer," claimed to have downed seven PAF Sabres. [32][38][30]

Pakistan Air Force F-86 Flying Ace Sqn Ldr Muhammad Mahmood Alam, officially credited with five kills in air-to-air combat,[39] three of them in less than a minute. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down several enemy Aircraft during aerial combat Squadron Leader is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence Muhammad Mahmood Alam (মুহাম্মদ মাহমুদ আলম Urdu: محمد محمود عالم) or shortly M A dogfight or dog fight is Aerial combat between Fighter aircraft. [40]

1971 Indo-Pakistani War

The Canadair Sabres (Mark 6) acquired from ex-Luftwaffe stocks via Iran, were the mainstay of the PAF's day fighter operations during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971, and had the challenge of dealing with the threat from IAF. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan. Despite having acquired newer fighter types such as the Mirage III and the Shenyang F-6, the Sabre Mark 6 (widely regarded as the best "dog-fighter" of its era[41]) along with the older PAF F-86Fs, were tasked with the majority of operations during the war, due to the small numbers of the Mirages and combat unreadiness of the Shenyang F-6. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [12] In East Pakistan only one PAF F-86 squadron (14th Squadron) was deployed to face the formidable IAF Soviet MiG-21s and the Sukhoi SU-7 and the numerical superiority of the IAF. East Pakistan ( Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান Purbo Pakistan, Urdu: مشرقی پاکستان Mashriqi Pakistan) was A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout At the beginning of the war, PAF had eight squadrons of F-86 Sabres. [42]

Although 11 Sabres in East Pakistan were disabled by the PAF themselves during the Bangladesh Liberation War to prevent them from being used by the enemy, a few were recovered intact and were flown later by the Bangladesh Air Force. The photo above shows Indian officers standing next to these PAF Sabre jets at Dhaka airport.
Although 11 Sabres in East Pakistan were disabled by the PAF themselves during the Bangladesh Liberation War to prevent them from being used by the enemy, a few were recovered intact and were flown later by the Bangladesh Air Force. East Pakistan ( Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান Purbo Pakistan, Urdu: مشرقی پاکستان Mashriqi Pakistan) was The Bangladesh Liberation War (i ( Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict between West Pakistan (later The Bangladesh Air Force (বাংলােদশ িবমান বািহনী Bangladesh Biman Bahini in Bangla) is the tactical and strategic air branch The photo above shows Indian officers standing next to these PAF Sabre jets at Dhaka airport. Dhaka (also known as Dacca ( Bangla: ঢাকা ɖʱaka is the Capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka District.

Despite these challenges, the PAF F-86s performed well with Pakistani claims of downing 31 Indian aircraft in air-to-air combat including 17 Hawker Hunters, eight Sukhoi SU 7 "Fitters", one MiG 21s and three Gnats[43] while losing seven F-86s. A dogfight or dog fight is Aerial combat between Fighter aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [44] India however claims to have shot down 11 PAF Sabres for the loss of 11 combat aircraft to the PAF F-86s. [45] The IAF numerical superiority overwhelmed the sole East Pakistan Sabres squadron (and other military aircraft)[46][47] which were either shot down, or grounded by Pakistani Fratricide as they could not hold out, enabling complete Air superiority for the Indian Air Force. Fratricide (from the Latin word frater, meaning "brother" and cide meaning to kill is the act of a person Killing his or her Air superiority is the dominance in the Air power of one side's air forces over the other side's during a Military campaign. [48]

In the Battle of Boyra, the first notable air engagement over East Pakistan, India claimed four Gnats downed three Sabres while Pakistan acknowledges only two Sabres were lost while one Gnat was shot down. The Battle of Boyra, on 22 November 1971, was the first engagement between the Air Forces of India and Pakistan of the Bangladesh [12]. As per official Pakistan accounts, 24 Sabres were lost in the war: 13 due to enemy action and 11 disabled by PAF forces to keep them out of enemy hands,[44] while 28 Sabres were lost per Indian accounts: 17 due to IAF action and 11 disabled by the PAF on the ground to keep them out of enemy hands. [49]. Five of these Sabres, however, were recovered in working condition and flown again by the Bangladesh Air Force. The Bangladesh Air Force (বাংলােদশ িবমান বািহনী Bangladesh Biman Bahini in Bangla) is the tactical and strategic air branch [49][50][51]

After this war, Pakistan slowly phased out its F-86 Sabres and replaced them with Chinese F-6 (Russian MiG-19 based) fighters. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The last of the Sabres were withdrawn from service in PAF in 1980. [12] F-86 Sabres nevertheless remain a legend in Pakistan and are seen as a symbol of pride. They are now displayed in Pakistan Air Force Museum and in the cities to which their pilots lived. PAF Museum Karachi is an Air Force Museum and park situated between PAF Base Faisal and Awami Markaz on main Shahra-e-Faisal at Karachi, Pakistan

Variants

North American F-86

George Welch, shown here with one of the original XP-86s, was the chief test pilot of the Sabre program.
George Welch, shown here with one of the original XP-86s, was the chief test pilot of the Sabre program. George Welch, Major (United States, USAF ( May 10, 1918 &ndash October 12, 1954) was a World War II Flying
XF-86
three prototypes, originally designated XP-86, North American model NA-140
YF-86A
this was the first prototype fitted with a General Electric J47 turbojet engine.
F-86A
554 built, North American model NA-151 (F-86A-1 block and first order of A-5 block) and NA-161 (second F-86A-5 block)
DF-86A
A few F-86A conversions as drone directors
RF-86A
11 F-86A conversions with three cameras for reconnaissance
F-86B
188 ordered as upgraded A-model with wider fuselage and larger tires but delivered as F-86A-5, North American model NA-152
F-86C
original designation for the YF-93A, two built (S/N 48-317 & 48-318),[52] order for 118 cancelled, North American model NA-157
YF-86D
prototype all-weather interceptor originally ordered as YF-95A, two built but designation changed to YF-86D, North American model NA-164
F-86D
Production interceptor originally designated F-95A, 2,506 built: North American model NA-165 (F-86D-1 through D-15 blocks), NA-177 (F-86D-20 and first order of D-25 blocks), NA-173 (second order of F-86D-25 and D-30 through D-35 blocks), NA-190 (F-86D-45 and D-50 blocks) and NA-201 (F-86D-55 and D-60 blocks). WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The F-86D had only 25 percent commonality with other Sabre variants, marked by a larger fuselage to house a radome and larger afterburning engine. It had, for the first time for a Sabre, a full control system with an AN/APG-36,15 in. antenna and a J47-GE-17 with A/B. Armament was 24 FFAR 2. 75-inch (70 mm) 'Mighty Mouse' with 7. 55-pound explosive warhead, 2,500 ft/s (760 m/s) at burnout, a range of 4,500 yards (4,100 m). Navigation set was AN/ARN-14. Last F-86Ds had J47-GE-17B with 5425/7500 lbf thrust.
F-86E
Improved flight control system and an "all-flying tail" (This system changed to a full power-operated control with an "artificial feel" built into the aircraft's controls to give the pilot forces on the stick that were still conventional, but light enough for superior combat control. It improved high speed maneuverability); 456 built, North American model NA-170 (F-86E-1 and E-5 blocks), NA-172, essentially the F-86F airframe with the F-86E engine (F-86E-10 and E-15 blocks); 60 of these built by Canadair for USAF (F-86E-6)
F-86E(M)
Designation for ex-RAF Sabres diverted to other NATO air forces
QF-86E
Designation for surplus RCAF Sabre Mk. Canadair was a civil and military aircraft manufacturer in Canada. The North Atlantic Treaty Vs modified to target drones
F-86F
Uprated engine and larger "6-3" wing without leading edge slats, 2,239 built; North American model NA-172 (F-86F-1 through F-15 blocks), NA-176 (F-86F-20 and -25 blocks), NA-191 (F-86F-30 and -35 blocks), NA-193 (F-86F-26 block), NA-202 (F-86F-35 block), NA-227 (first two orders of F-86F-40 blocks comprising 280 aircraft which reverted to leading edge wing slats of an improved design), NA-231 (70 in third F-40 block order), NA-238 (110 in fourth F-40 block order), and NA-256 (120 in final F-40 block order); 300 additional airframes in this series assembled by Mitsubishi in Japan for Japanese Air Self-Defense Force. The, Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese conglomerate consisting of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The, or JSDF, are the military forces in Japan that were established after the end of the post- World War II American occupation of Japan Sabre Fs had much improved high speed agility, coupled with a higher landing speed of over 145 mph (233 km/h). The F-35 block had provisions for a new task: the nuclear tactical attack with one of the new small "nukes" ("second generation" nuclear ordnance). The F-40 had a new slatted wing, with a slight decrease of speed, but also a much better agility at high and low speed with a landing speed reduced to 124 mph (200 km/h). The USAF upgraded many of previous F versions to the F-40 standard.
QF-86F
About 50 former JASDF F-86F airframes converted to drones for use as targets by the U.S. Navy
RF-86F
Some F-86F-30s converted with three cameras for reconnaissance; also eighteen JASDF aircraft similarly converted
TF-86F
Two F-86F converted to two-seat training configuration with lengthened fuselage and slatted wings under North American model NA-204
TF-86F
TF-86F
F-86H s/n 53-1308, Restorations,Wings Museum, Denver, CO.
F-86H s/n 53-1308, Restorations,
Wings Museum, Denver, CO. The, or JSDF, are the military forces in Japan that were established after the end of the post- World War II American occupation of Japan The, or JSDF, are the military forces in Japan that were established after the end of the post- World War II American occupation of Japan The Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum (WOR is located on the former grounds of Lowry Air Force Base in Denver Colorado. The City and County of Denver (pronounced /ˈdɛnvɚ/ is the Capital and the most populous city of Colorado, in the United States
F-86G
Provisional designation for F-86D variant with uprated engine and equipment changes, 406 built as F-86D models
YF-86H
Extensively redesigned fighter-bomber model with deeper fuselage, uprated engine, longer wings and power-boosted tailplane, two built as North American model NA-187
F-86H
Production model, 473 built, with Low Altitude Bombing System (LABS) and provision for nuclear weapon, North American model NA-187 (F-86H-1 and H-5 blocks) and NA-203 (F-86H-10 block)
QF-86H
Target conversion of 29 airframes for use at United States Naval Weapons Center
F-86J
Single F-86A-5-NA, serial 49-1069, flown with Orenda turbojet under North American model NA-167 - same designation reserved for A-models flown with the Canadian engines but project not proceeded with
YF-86K
Basic version of F-86D intended for export with rocket tray replaced by four 20 mm cannon and simplified fire control system, two conversions
F-86K
NATO version of F-86D with 120 built by North American and 221 kits for assembly by Fiat, North American model NA-222 (first 50 as F-86K-NF), NA-213 (F-86K-13 through K-19 blocks) and NA-221 (125 F-86K-NF assembled by Fiat) and NA-242 (final 45 F-86K-NF assembled by Fiat). A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake or NAWS China Lake is an airborne weapons testing and training range operated by the United States Navy and its contractors Orenda Aerospace is a Canadian Aircraft engine manufacturer and parts supplier and part of the Magellan Aerospace Corporation A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the The North Atlantic Treaty Fiat SpA (an Acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer Fiat SpA (an Acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer Fiat SpA (an Acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer Since the rockets were powerful, but really inaccurate, except for a short range firing against bombers, the NATO night interceptor units needed a different machine. It had MG-4 fire control system coupled with four 20 mm M-24A1, with 132 rpg each. It retained, despite being simpler, the same APG-37 "Sabre-dog" radar
F-86L
Upgrade conversion of F-86D with new electronics, extended wingtips and wing leading edges, revised cockpit layout and uprated engine with reheat, 981 converted

North American FJ Fury

See: FJ Fury for production figures of U.S. Navy versions. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

CAC CA-27 Avon Sabre (Australia)

Main article: CAC Sabre

Two types based on the US F-86F were built under licence by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC) in Australia, for the Royal Australian Air Force. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC was an Australian aircraft manufacturer For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF) is the Air Force branch of the Australian Defence Force. as the CA-26 (one prototype) and CA-27 (production variant).

The CAC Sabres included a 60% fuselage redesign, to accommodate the Rolls-Royce Avon Mk 26 engine, which had roughly 50% more thrust than the J47, as well as 30 mm Aden cannons and AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Royal Small Arms Factory ADEN is a 30 mm Cannon used on many Military aircraft, particularly those of the British Royal Air Force and The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range Air-to-air missile carried by Fighter aircraft and recently certain gunship helicopters As a consequence of its powerplant, the Australian-built Sabres are commonly referred to as the Avon Sabre. CAC manufactured 112 of these aircraft.

CA-27 marques:

The RAAF operated the CA-27 from 1956 to 1971. [53] Ex-RAAF Avon Sabres were operated by the Royal Malaysian Air Force (TUDM) between 1969 and 1972. The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF ( Malay: Tentera Udara DiRaja Malaysia or TUDM) was formed in 1958 as the Royal Malayan Air Force From 1973 to 1975, 23 Avon Sabres were donated to the Indonesian Air Force (TNI-AU); five of these were ex-Malaysian aircraft. The Armed Forces of Indonesia ( Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia, TNI, formerly Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia, best known by

Canadair Sabre

F-86 Sabre monument at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario.
F-86 Sabre monument at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. The Royal Military College of Canada (RMC is the Military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting University. Kingston Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St
Main article: Canadair Sabre

The F-86 was also manufactured by Canadair in Canada as the CL-13 Sabre to replace its de Havilland Vampires, with the following production models:

Sabre Mk 1
one built, prototype F-86A
Sabre Mk 2
350 built, F-86E-type, 60 to USAF, three to RAF, 287 to RCAF
Sabre Mk 3
one built in Canada, test-bed for the Orenda jet engine
Sabre Mk 4
438 built, production Mk 3, 10 to RCAF, 428 to RAF as Sabre F 4
Sabre Mk 5
370 built, F-86F-type with Orenda engine, 295 to RCAF, 75 to Luftwaffe
Sabre Mk 6
655 built, 390 to RCAF, 225 to Luftwaffe, six to Colombia and 34 to South Africa

Production summary

Production costs

F-86A F-86D F-86E F-86F F-86H F-86K F-86L
Program R&D cost 4,707,802
Airframe 101,528 191,313 145,326 140,082 316,360 334,633
Engine 52,971 75,036 39,990 44,664 214,612 71,474
Electronics 7,576 7,058 6,358 5,649 6,831 10,354
Armament 16,333 69,986 23,645 17,669 27,573 20,135
Ordnance 419 4,138 3,047 17,117 4,761
Flyaway cost 178,408 343,839 219,457 211,111 582,493 441,357 343,839
Maintenance cost per flying hour 135 451 187

Note: The costs are in approximately 1950 United States dollars and have not been adjusted for inflation. The phrase research and development (also R and D or more often R&D) according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been In economics inflation or price inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services over a period of time [1]

Operators

Sabre operators
Sabre operators
Source: Dorr[54]
Acquired 26 F-86Fs, 26 September 1960, FAA s/n CA-101 through CA-128. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Argentine Air Force ( Fuerza Aérea Argentina or FAA) is the national aviation branch of the Armed forces of Argentina. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sabres not used in Falklands War
Acquired 5 North Korean Air Force Canadair Sabre 6s, s/n 1608, 1609,1617, 1669, 1723; December 1971
5 F-86F Sabres delivered, s/n 51-13202, 52-5305, 52-5362, 52-53-67, 52-5402; no operational unit
Acquired 10 F-86Fs from Venezuelan Air Force October 1973, assigned to Brigada Aerea 21, Grupo Aera de Caza 32, they were reported to have finally been retired from service in 1994, making them the last Sabres on active front line service anywhere in the world. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those The Air Component, formerly the Belgian Air Force, is the air arm of the Belgian Armed Forces. The Republic of Bolivia (República de Bolivia) named after Simón Bolívar, is a Landlocked country in central South America. Military branches of Bolivia: Army The Bolivian Army has around 31500 men
Acquired 12 Canadair Sabre Mark 6s from Pakistani Air Force in the 70s
Canadair Ltd. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. The Myanmar Air Force (also known as the Burmese Air Force officially Tatmadaw Lei, informally the Lei tat is the air component of the Myanmar Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page produced 60 F-86E-6s for the USAF during the Korean War. Also, produced another 60 F-86Es for allied countries, 230 CL-13 Sabre (E-model) Mark 2s for RCAF, 438 CL-13 Mark 4s (428 for Britain), 370 CL-13A Mark 5s (75 to West Germany), 292 CL-13B Mark 6s (six for Colombia and 34 for South Africa), and another 315 Mark 6s (225 for West Germany)
Acquired six CL-13Bs (s/n 2021-2026) from Canadair 8 June 1956, and two F-86Fs from Spanish Air Force (s/n 2027/2028), and one USAF F-86F (s/n 51-13226); assigned to Escuadron de Caza-Bombardero. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. The Colombian Air Force or FAC (Fuerza Aérea Colombiana is the Air Force of The Republic of Colombia. Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Received 58 ex-USAF F-86Ds 1958-1960; assigned to 723, 726 and 728 Squadrons. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe The Royal Danish Air Force ( Danish: Flyvevåbnet) is the Air force of Denmark, it is an expeditionary Air Force with capability organised
Acquired 14 F-86Fs in 1960. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page The Ethiopian Air Force is the air arm of the Ethiopian National Defense Forces and is tasked with protecting the air space providing support to the ground forces as well [56]
Fiat built 62 F-86Ks for France (1956-1957), assigned to EC 1/13 Artois, EC 2/13 Alpes, and EC 3/13 Squadrons. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The French Air Force ( French: Armée de l'Air (ALA literally Air Army) is the Air force of the French Armed Forces. Fiat SpA (an Acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer (s/n: 55-4814/4844), 55-4846/4865, 55-4872/4874, 55-4876/4879)
Luftwaffe, Germany
Luftwaffe, Germany
Acquired 75 Canadair CL-13A Sabre Mark 5s January 1957, and 225 Mark 6s in 1959. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. Also, acquired 88 U. S. F-86Ks 22 July 1957-23 June 1958. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Ks were assigned to Jagdgeschwader (JG) 74 and 75 Groups.
Acquired at leasr 100 (another source 110) used Canadair CL-13 Mark 2s from the RCAF from July 1954; assigned to three squadrons. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Hellenic Air Force ( HAF) (in Πολεμική Αεροπορία ( ΠΑ) Polemikí Aeroporía, literally "Military Aviation" Also, some U. S. F-86Ds were received in 1961 (no details).
Acquired eight Canadair CL-13 Mark 2s, formerly Yugoslavian, l4 U. Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. Honduras S. F-86Fs and five Venezuelan F-86Ks in 1969.
Acquired 18 used CAC CA-27 Sabres in 1973; assigned to No. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. See also List of aircraft of the Indonesian Air Force The Indonesian Air Force ( Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udara or 14 Squadron. Five ex-Malaysian CA-27s were obtained in 1976.
Acquired unknown number of F-86Fs[56]
Acquired five F-86Fs[56]
Italian Sabre
Italian Sabre
Japanese F-86F Sabre
Japanese F-86F Sabre
Fiat produced 121 F-86Ks for Italy, 1955-1958. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The history of the Iranian Air Force can be divided into two phases - before the Islamic Revolution, and after it For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. The Iraqi Air Force or IQAF (Arabic Al Quwwa al Jawwiya al Iraqiya القوة الجوية العراقية is the military branch in Iraq responsible Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Also, 120 U. S. F-86Ks were acquired. F-86s were assigned to the AMI air groups: 6 Gruppo COT/1 Stormo, 17 Gruppo/1 Stormo, 23 Gruppo/1 Stormo, 21 Gruppo/51 Aerobrigata, 22 Gruppo/51 Aerobrigata and 12 Gruppo/4 Aerobrigata.
Acquired 180 U. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The, or JASDF, is the Aviation branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces responsible for the defense of Japanese Airspace and other aerospace S. F-86Fs, 1955-1957. Mitsubishi built 300 F-86Fs, 1956-1961, and were assigned to 10 fighter hikotai or squadrons, and their Blue Impulse Aerobatic Team. The, Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese conglomerate consisting of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi A total of 18 F-models were converted to reconnaissance version in 1962. Some aircraft were returned to the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, California, as drones. Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake or NAWS China Lake is an airborne weapons testing and training range operated by the United States Navy and its contractors Finally, 122 US F-86Ds were delivered, 1958-1961; assigned to four all-weather interceptor hikotai, and Air Proving Ground at Gifu.
Acquired 18 CAC CA-27s in October 1969. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF ( Malay: Tentera Udara DiRaja Malaysia or TUDM) was formed in 1958 as the Royal Malayan Air Force Assigned to No. 11 and 12 Squadrons.
Acquired 57 U. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF, Dutch Koninklijke Luchtmacht (KLu, is the aviation branch of the Netherlands armed forces S. -built and six Fiat-built F-86K Sabres, 1955-1956; and assigned to three squadrons, No. 700, 701 and 702.
Acquired 60 U. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional The Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNoAF ( Norwegian: Luftforsvaret) is the Air force of Norway. S. -built F-86K Sabres, 1955-1956, and another 115 F-86Fs, 1957-1958; and assigned to seven Norwegian Squadrons, No. s 331, 332, 334, 336, 337, 338 and 339. Also, acquired four Italian-assembled Fiat K-models.
Acquired 102 U. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces S. -built F-86F-35-NA and F-86F-40-NAs (last of North American Aviation's production line, 1954-1960s. North American Aviation was a major US Aircraft manufacturer, responsible for a number of historic aircraft including the T-6 Texan trainer the Also, 90 former Luftwaffe Canadair CL-13B Mark 6s were acquired in the late 1960s. They were assigned to PAF's Squadrons: No. s 14 through 19 and 26.
Acquired 26 US-built F-86Fs, 1 July 1955; and assigned to at least two squadrons. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. The Peruvian Air Force ( Spanish: Fuerza Aérea del Perú, abbreviated FAP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar)
Acquired 36-40 (not confirmed) U. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Philippine Air Force (PAF is the Air force of the Republic of the Philippines, and one of the three main services of the Armed Forces of the Philippines S. -built F-86Fs and 20 F-86Ds, beginning 1957; and assigned to the 6th and 7th Tactical Fighter Squadrons (TFS) of the 5th Fighter Wing (FW), and 8th and 9th TFS of the 6th FW, part of the U. S. military assistance package.
Acquired 50 U. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The Portuguese Air Force ( PoAF) (Força Aérea Portuguesa FAP) is the Air force of Portugal. S. -built F-86Fs, 1958, including some from USAF's 531st Fighter Bomber Squadron, Chambley, Portugal. Also, acquired 15 CL-13Bs Mark 6s, from West Germany, and spares from Norway. These were assigned to Squadrons Esc. 51 and 52, at BA5 Monte Real (air base).
Acquired 16 U. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Republic of China Air Force Personnel53000 The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The Royal Saudi Air Force (القوات الجوية الملكية السعودية) is the Air force branch of Saudi Arabian armed forces. S. -built F-86Fs in 1958, and 3 Fs from Norway in 1966; and assigned to RSAF No. 7 Squadron at Dharhran.
Acquired on loan 22 U. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The South African Air Force (SAAF is the Air force of South Africa, with headquarters in Pretoria. S. -built F-86F-30s during the Korean War and saw action with 2 Squadron SAAF. History 2 Squadron is currently the premier squadron in the South African Air Force, and has a long history having been involved in every single combat action in which In October 1956, the SAAF acquired 34 Canadair CL-13Bs Mark 6, which were assigned to 1 Squadron SAAF: 16 were later transferred to the USAF. 1 Squadron SAAF is a disbanded Squadron of the South African Air Force.
Acquired 122 US-built F-86Fs and RF-86Fs, and 40 F-86-Ds, beginning 20 June 1955; and assigned to ROKAF 10th Wing. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The Republic of Korea Air Force ( ROK Air Force, ROKAF, Hanglul: 대한민국 공군 Hanja: 大韓民國 空軍 is the Air force Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar)
Acquired 270 U. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Spanish Air Force ( Spanish: Ejército del Aire; literally "Army of the Air" is the Air force of Spain. S. -built F-86Fs, 1955-1958; designated C. 5s and assigned to 5 wings: Ala de Caza 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6.
Acquired 40 U. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The Royal Thai Air Force or RTAF ( Thai: กองทัพอากาศไทย Kong Thab Akat Thai is the Air force of the Kingdom of Thailand S. -built F-86Fs, 1962, and unknown number of the only exported F-86Ls; and assigned to RTAF Squadrons, No. s 12 (Ls), 13, and 43.
Acquired 15 used U. Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. The Tunisian Air Force ( Al Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Jamahiriyah At'Tunisia) is one of the branches of the Tunisian Armed Forces S. -built F-86F in 1969.
Acquired 102 Canadair CL-13 Mark 2s, 1954-1958; and assigned to THK Squadrons, No. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The Turkish Air Force (Türk Hava Kuvvetleri is a branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. s 141, 142 and 143. Also, acquired 12 U. S. -built F-86Fs and 50 F-86Ds, and finally 40 F-86Ks.
Acquired three Canadair CL-13 Mark 2s and 428 Mark 4s, 8 December 1952-19 December 1953; assigned to RAF Sabre Squadrons 3, 4, 20, 26, 66, 67, 71, 92, 93, 112, 130, 147 and 234. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During 1956-1958, 302 RAF Sabres were overhauled/modified in the UK and passed to the USAF in camouflage colors with RCAF serials and redesignated as F-86E(M); of which 121 were then sent to Yugoslavia and 179 to Italy.
F-86D of SFR Yugoslav Air Force (JRViPVO) in flight.
F-86D of SFR Yugoslav Air Force (JRViPVO) in flight.
Further information: List of Sabre and Fury units in US military
Acquired 30 U. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the See also F-86 Sabre List of Sabre and Fury units in US military identifies the aircraft models military branches military units and service years Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the The Air Force of Venezuela, since 2006 Aviación Militar Venezolana (previously Fuerza Aérea Venezolana, FAV) is a professional armed body designed to S. -built F-86Fs and 74 Fiat-built F-86Ks, October 1955 - December 1960; and assigned to one group, Grupo Aerea De Caza No. 12, three other squadrons. Finally, the FAV acquired 51 US-built F-86Ks from West Germany.
Acquired 121 modified Canadair CL-13 Mark 4s, 1956, from Britain. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian: The Ratno vazduhoplovstvo i protiv vazdušna odbrana - RV i PVO SFRJ - SFR Yugoslav Air Force, sometimes simply called Jugoslovensko ratno vazduhoplovstvo Unknown number of F-86Ds were purchased.

Notable F-86 pilots

Survivors

Several Sabres are still owned by private owners (most notably actor Michael Dorn[62]), including a handful that still fly at air shows and aviation events. Michael Dorn (born December 9, 1952) is an American Actor known for his role as the Klingon Worf in multiple

Specifications (F-86F-40-NA)

Orthographically projected diagram of the F-86 Sabre.

Data from The North American Sabre[63]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament

Various bombs (2 x 1,000 lb, 450 kg bombs, standard load) e. g napalm canisters, air-to-ground rockets. Four pylons presents, but only two dedicated to ordnances, while the other two were for auxiliary tanks, total load up to 2,400 kg (900 kg bombs and 1,500 l fuel), included a nuclear tactical weapon.

See also

Related development

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b c Knaack 1978
  2. ^ The FJ-1 Fury
  3. ^ Käsmann 1994, p. Tactical Air Command (TAC it an inactive United States Air Force organization The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment ( SAGE) was an automated control system for tracking and intercepting enemy Bomber aircraft used by NORAD from WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This list of military aircraft of the United States includes prototype pre-production and operational types A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed 33.
  4. ^ Air Force Aircraft of the Korean War
  5. ^ North American F-86 Sabre (Day-Fighter A, E and F Models)
  6. ^ Aviation History On-line Museum
  7. ^ Planes of Perrin, North American F-86L "Dog Sabre"
  8. ^ The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines By Richard A. Leyes, William A. Fleming
  9. ^ F-86E Through F-86L
  10. ^ North American F-86H Sabre (Fighter-Bomber)
  11. ^ Joos 1971, p. 3. Quote: "The Canadair Sabre Mk 6 was the last variant and considered to be the 'best' production Sabre ever built. "
  12. ^ a b c d Pakistan Air Force - The Canadair Sabre Goes to War
  13. ^ History of the F-86 Sabre Jet on Boeing's website
  14. ^ Wagner 1963, p. 17.
  15. ^ Aeronautics and Astronautics Chronology, 1945-1949
  16. ^ a b Sabre: The F-86 in Korea
  17. ^ a b Fact Sheet: The United States Air Force in Korea
  18. ^ a b "Bud" Mahurin
  19. ^ Lt.Col. George Andrew Davis
  20. ^ USAF Organizations in Korea, Fighter-Interceptor 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing
  21. ^ The History of No 2 Squadron, SAAF, in the Korean War
  22. ^ Thompson, Warren E. and McLaren, David R. MiG Alley: Sabres Vs. MiGs Over Korea. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58007-058-2.
  23. ^ The war continues
  24. ^ Dorr, Robert F. , Lake, Jon and Thompson, Warren E. Korean War Aces. London: Osprey Publishing, 2005. ISBN 1-85532-501-2.
  25. ^ Russian Claims from the Korean War 1950-53
  26. ^ Zhang, Xiaoming. Red Wings over the Yalu: China, the Soviet Union, and the Air War in Korea. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58544-201-1.
  27. ^ 323 Death Rattlers
  28. ^ Independent Review Panel On Vietnam Campaign Recognition For RAAF Service At Ubon, Thailand 25 June 1965 To 31 August 1968, 2004, "Report To The Minister Assisting The Minister For Defence" Department of Defence (Australia). Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved: 14 December 2007. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  29. ^ Pakistan's Defence Journal
  30. ^ a b c d Claims and Counter Claims- PakDef.Info
  31. ^ a b 1965 Losses
  32. ^ a b IAF Kills in 1965
  33. ^ Defence Journal: A Hero Fades Away Feb-Mar. 1999
  34. ^ Defence Journal: Tail Choppers - Birth of a Legend, December 1998
  35. ^ Defence Journal: Devastation of Pathankot, September 2000
  36. ^ Devastation of Pathankot
  37. ^ Tailchoppers
  38. ^ Folland FO-141 Gnat Note: The Pakistan Air Force disputes this claim and accepts the loss of only three F-86 Sabres at the hands of the Gnats. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
  39. ^ Pakistan Air Force official website
  40. ^ Alam’s Speed-shooting Classic
  41. ^ Canadair CL-13 Sabre - Royal Canadian Air Force
  42. ^ "India and Pakistan: Over the Edge" 13 December 1971, TIME
  43. ^ PAF Kills and claims in 1971 - Pakdef. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and info
  44. ^ a b PAF Losses in 1971Pakdef. info
  45. ^ IAF Losses in 1971 - Bharat Rakshak. com
  46. ^ Military losses in the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war
  47. ^ Bangladesh, The Liberation War
  48. ^ Singh et al 2004, p. 30.
  49. ^ a b Aircraft Losses in Pakistan -1971 War
  50. ^ Bangladesh Air Force History
  51. ^ Virtual Bangladesh:Defense:Airforce
  52. ^ North American YF-93A Fact Sheet
  53. ^ RAAF Museum page on Sabre
  54. ^ Dorr 1993, p. 65-96.
  55. ^ adf-serials.com, 2007, "A94-RAAF Sabre Mk. 30/31/32 Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation CA-26/CA-27". Retrieved: 14 December 2007. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  56. ^ a b c Baugher's: F-86 Foreign Service
  57. ^ Midland Air Museum: F-86A Sabre
  58. ^ Dorr 1993, p. 72.
  59. ^ a b c Dorr 1993, p. 91.
  60. ^ Atlantic Canada Aviation Museum: F-86/CL-13 Sabre Mk. V
  61. ^ RCAF Museum: CL-13 Sabre Mk. V
  62. ^ Michael Dorn
  63. ^ Wagner 1963, p. 145.
Bibliography

External links

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