On 4 August 1972, Idi Amin, President of Uganda, gave Uganda's 50,000 Asians (mostly Indians of Gujarati origin) 90 days to leave the country,[1] following an alleged dream in which, he claimed, God told him to expel them. Events 70 - The Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Idi Amin Dada (mid 1920s &ndash 16 August 2003 commonly known as Idi Amin, was a Ugandan military dictator and the President of Uganda The President of Uganda is the Head of state in Uganda. The role began as a largely ceremonial position with the Prime Minister holding the true power The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Gujarati people ( Gujarati: ગુજરાતી લોકો Gujǎrātī loko ?
The order for expulsion was also based on the Indophobic social climate of Uganda. Indophobia refers to hostility towards Indians and Indian culture and prejudices against South Asian peoples including Pakistanis Bangladeshis The Ugandan government claimed that the Indo-Pakistani citizenry was hoarding wealth and goods to the detriment of indigenous Africans, "sabotaging" the Ugandan economy. [2]
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Historical background
Former British colonies in Sub-Saharan Africa have many citizens of South Asian descent. Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries They were brought there by the British Empire from British India to do clerical work in Imperial service. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British In academic discourse, racial prejudices directed against these people from their host countries fall under the rubric of Indophobia. Indophobia refers to hostility towards Indians and Indian culture and prejudices against South Asian peoples including Pakistanis Bangladeshis [3] The most prominent example of this is the ethnic cleansing of the Indian (sometimes simply called "Asian") minority in Uganda by strongman dictator Idi Amin. Ethnic cleansing is a Euphemism referring to the persecution through imprisonment expulsion or killing of members of an ethnic minority by a majority to achieve ethnic homogeneity [3]
According to H. H. Patel, many Indians in East Africa and Uganda were in the sartorial and banking businesses, where they were kept forcibly by the British colonialists. Since the representation of Indians in these occupations was high, stereotyping of Indians in Uganda as tailors or bankers was common. A stereotype (from Greek: stereo + týpos = "solid impression" is a generalized perception of first impressions behaviors presumed by a group Also, some Indians perceived themselves as coming from a more advanced culture than Uganda, a view not appreciated by Ugandans. Indophobia in Uganda thus predated Amin, and also existed under Milton Obote. Apollo Milton Opeto Obote (December 28 1925 October 10 2005 Prime Minister of Uganda from 1962 to 1966 and President of Uganda from 1966 to 1971 and from The 1968 Committee on "Africanization in Commerce and Industry" in Uganda made far-reaching Indophobic proposals. A system of work permits and trade licenses was introduced in 1969 in order to restrict the role of Indians in economic and professional activities. Indians were segregated and discriminated against in all walks of life. [3]
Discrimination and ethnic cleansing
After Amin came to power, he exploited these divisions to spread propaganda against Indians involving stereotyping and scapegoating the Indian minority. scapegoat was a Goat that was driven off into the wilderness as part of the ceremonies of Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement in Judaism during the times Indians were stereotyped as "only traders" and "inbred" to their profession. Indians were attacked as "dukawallas" (an occupational term that degenerated into an anti-Indian slur during Amin's time). Indians were stereotyped as "greedy, conniving", without any racial identity or loyalty but "always cheating, conspiring and plotting" to subvert Uganda. Amin used this propaganda to justify a campaign of "de-Indianization", eventually resulting in the expulsion and ethnic cleansing of Uganda's Indian minority. [3]
Their expulsion resulted in a significant decline in Uganda's Asian Hindu and Muslim population. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion Many Asians owned big businesses in Uganda and many Indians were born in the country, their ancestors having come from India to Uganda when the country was still a British colony. Those who remained were deported from the cities to the countryside, although most Asians were granted asylum in the United Kingdom. Right of asylum (or political asylum) is an ancient Judicial notion under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A plurality of the Asians with British passports, around 30,000, emigrated to Britain. [4] Other countries receiving 1,000 or more of the emigrants include India, Canada, Kenya, Pakistan, West Germany, Malawi, and the United States. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( The Republic of Malawi (məˈlɑːwi or; formerly Nyasaland) is in southern Africa. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [4] Many emigrants also found their way, in smaller numbers, to Australia, New Zealand, Austria, Sweden, and Mauritius. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Mauritius (pronounced məˈrɪʃəs L’île Maurice /il mɔ'ʁis/ Mauritian Creole: Maurice) officially the Republic of Mauritius, République [4]
Ugandan soldiers during this period engaged in theft and violence against the Asians with impunity. After their expulsion, the businesses were handed over to Amin's supporters.
In popular culture
The expulsion was portrayed in the novel The Last King of Scotland and the subsequent 2006 film of the book. The Last King of Scotland is an award-winning Novel by Journalist Giles Foden. The Last King of Scotland is a British 2006 film based on Giles Foden 's novel of the same name. It was also referred to in the 1991 film "Mississippi Masala. Mississippi Masala is a romance Comedy-drama film directed by Mira Nair, based upon a screenplay by Sooni Taraporevala, it was "
See also
References
- ^ 1972: Asians given 90 days to leave Uganda. Indophobia refers to hostility towards Indians and Indian culture and prejudices against South Asian peoples including Pakistanis Bangladeshis A non-resident Indian (NRI is an Indian citizen who has migrated to another country a person of Indian origin who is born outside India or a person of A non-resident Indian (NRI is an Indian citizen who has migrated to another country a person of Indian origin who is born outside India or a person of BBC On This Day. Retrieved on 2008-05-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason.
- ^ Henckaerts, Jean-Marie and Sohn, Louis B. Mass Expulsion in Modern International Law and Practice. 1995, page 22.
- ^ a b c d General Amin and the Indian Exodus from Uganda Hasu H. Patel, Issue: A Journal of Opinion, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Winter, 1972), pp. 12-22 doi:10. 2307/1166488
External links
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