Exercise Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) also known as "bleeding" or a "bleeding attack" has been known to occur in horses that engage in short periods of strenuous exercise. These horses usually include Thoroughbred and American Quarter Horse racehorses (incidence of 50-75%) and Standardbred racehorses (incidence of 40-60%), but it may also occur in jumpers, polo ponies, and draft horses that pull competitively. The Thoroughbred is a horse breed Show jumping, also known as "stadium jumping" or "jumpers" is a member of a family of English riding equestrian events that also includes Polo is a team sport played outdoors on Horseback in which the objective is to score goals against an opposing team [1] It appears rarer in stallions than mares or geldings,[2] but it is associated with airway inflammation and increasing age. A gelding is a castrated animal &mdash in English the term specifically refers to a castrated male Horse or other Equine such as a Donkey Recurrent Airway Obstruction, also known as '''Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder''' or broken wind is a Respiratory disease in Horses Also [3]
The affliction occurs when blood enters the air passages of a horse's lung, due to fractured lung capillaries. Blood is a specialized Bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells €”such as nutrients and oxygen—and transports Waste products lung is the essential Respiration organ in air-breathing Animals including most Tetrapods a few Fish and a few Snails The most primitive Capillaries are the smallest of a body's Blood vessels measuring 5-10 ÎĽm in diameter which connect Arterioles and Venules and enable the interchange Blood is sometimes evident discharging from a horse's nostrils (epistaxis), however, this usually only occurs in 5% of bleeders. [4][1] If a horse does not exhibit epistaxis but is suspected to have EIPH, an endoscopic exam is performed soon after the horse is exercised.
It is believed that nearly all horses experience it (when exposed to strenuous exercise)[5] and it has the potential to decrease lung function over time.
Treatment
The drug commonly known as Lasix (Furosemide) has been used to prevent the condition, although it does not work in 50% of cases[1], and it is banned in some countries. Furosemide ( INN) or frusemide (former BAN) is a Loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive Heart failure and Edema Furosemide ( INN) or frusemide (former BAN) is a Loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive Heart failure and Edema Any racehorse in Australia that suffers from a bleeding attack during or following a race, or during trackwork exercise, receives an automatic 3-month ban from racing. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. A further occurrence results in a lifetime ban.
Other treatments that have been used include bronchodilators, coagulants, and estrogen. A bronchodilator is a substance that dilates the bronchi and Bronchioles decreasing airway resistance and thereby facilitating airflow Estrogens (US otherwise oestrogens or Ĺ“strogens) are a group of Steroid compounds named for their importance in the Estrous cycle,
References
- ^ a b c Riegal, Ronald J. DMV, and Susan E. Hakola DMV. Illustrated Atlas of Clinical Equine Anatomy and Common Disorders of the Horse Vol. II. Equistar Publication, Limited. Marysville, OH. Copyright 2000.
- ^ Hillidge CJ, Whitlock TW, (1986) "Sex variation in the prevalence of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in racing quarter horses" Res Vet Sci. 1986 May;40(3):406-7
- ^ Newton JR, Wood JL, (2002) "Evidence of an association between inflammatory airway disease and EIPH in young Thoroughbreds during training" Equine Vet J Suppl. 2002 Sep;(34):417-24
- ^ Exercise-induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage. The Merck Veterinary Manual (2006). Retrieved on 2007-07-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
- ^ AAEP Newsroom September 1999, at [1], accessed at 1945 on 11th July
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