Euthydemus I
Greco-Bactrian king
Euthydemus I, qualified as "THEOU" ("God"). The Gr(aeco-Bactrian Kingdom was the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 (Pedigree coin of Agathocles of Bactria. Agathocles "the Just" was an Indo-Greek king who reigned between around 190 and 180 BCE )
Reign	230 BCE - 200 BCE
Titles	"God" (Theou), possibly posthumus. Events By place Anatolia The city of Pergamum is attacked by the Galatians ( Celts who have settled in central Anatolia Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus III's forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria and Palestine.
Predecessor	Diodotus I
Successor	Demetrius I
Dynasty	Euthydemid dynasty

Tetradrachm of Euthydemus (c. Diodotus, Seleucid Satrap of Bactria, rebelled against Antiochus II (about 255 BC and became the founder of the Graeco-Bactrian kingdom Demetrius I (ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΣ was a Greco-Bactrian king (reigned circa 200-180 BC 230-c. 200 BCE)

Euthydemus I was allegedly a native of Magnesia (deriving from the Macedonian tribe name Magnetes) and possible Satrap of Sogdiana, who overturned the dynasty of Diodotus of Bactria and became a Greco-Bactrian king in about 230 BCE according to Polybius. Magnesia (Μαγνησία Magnisía, maɣniˈsia deriving from the tribe name Magnetes, is the name of the southeastern area of Thessaly See also the related deity Satrapes. Satrap (Persian ساتراپ was the name given to the governors of the Provinces of ancient History Hellenistic period The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes a fortress in Sogdiana was captured in 327 BC by the forces of Alexander the Great Diodotus, Seleucid Satrap of Bactria, rebelled against Antiochus II (about 255 BC and became the founder of the Graeco-Bactrian kingdom The Gr(aeco-Bactrian Kingdom was the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 Events By place Anatolia The city of Pergamum is attacked by the Galatians ( Celts who have settled in central Anatolia Polybius (ca 203 &ndash 120 BC, Greek) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic Period noted for his book called The Histories ^[1] Strabo, on the other hand, correlates his accession with internal Seleucid wars in 223/221 BCE. Strabo ( Greek: Στράβων 63/64 BC – ca AD 24 was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher. The Seleucid Empire /sə'lusɪd/ ( 312 - 63 BC) was a Hellenistic empire i Events By place Seleucid Empire The Seleucid king Seleucus III is assassinated in Phrygia by members of his army Events By place Carthage The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal is murdered by a Celtic assassin while campaigning to increase His kingdom seems to have been substantial, including probably Sogdiana to the north, and Margiana and Ariana to the south or east of Bactria. History Hellenistic period The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes a fortress in Sogdiana was captured in 327 BC by the forces of Alexander the Great Margu (Greek Margiana) was a Satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire mentioned in the Behistun inscriptions of ca

Little is known of his reign until 208 BCE when he was attacked by Antiochus III the Great, whom he tried in vain to resist on the shores of the river Arius, the modern Herirud. Events By place Roman Republic The Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio defeat the Carthaginians under their commander Antiochus III the Great, ( Greek; ca 241&ndash187 BC ruled 222&ndash187 BC younger son of Seleucus II Callinicus Arius ( AD ca 250 or 256 - 336 was a Christian priest from Alexandria Egypt in the early fourth century whose teachings now called Arianism Although he commanded 10,000 horsemen, Euthydemus initially lost a battle on the Arius ^[2] and had to retreat. He then successfully resisted a three-year siege in the fortified city of Bactra, before Antiochus finally decided to recognize the new ruler, and to offer one of his daughters to Euthydemus's son Demetrius around 206 BCE ^[2]. Balkh ( - Balḫ) also known as Bactra, was once a major world city but was destroyed entirely by the Mongols. Demetrius I (ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΣ was a Greco-Bactrian king (reigned circa 200-180 BC Events By place Roman Republic In the Battle of Ilipa ( Alcalá del Río, near Seville) in Spain, the

Classical accounts also relate that Euthydemus negotiated peace with Antiochus III by suggesting that he deserved credit for overthrowing the original rebel Diodotus, and that he was protecting Central Asia from nomadic invasions thanks to his defensive efforts:

". . . for if he did not yield to this demand, neither of them would be safe: seeing that great hords of Nomads were close at hand, who were a danger to both; and that if they admitted them into the country, it would certainly be utterly barbarised. " (Polybius, 11.34). Polybius (ca 203 &ndash 120 BC, Greek) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic Period noted for his book called The Histories

The war lasted altogether three years and after the Seleucid army left, the kingdom seems to have recovered quickly from the assault. The death of Euthydemus has been roughly estimated to 200 BCE-195 BCE, and the last years of his reign probably saw the beginning of the Bactrian invasion of India. Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus III's forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria and Palestine. Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with

Barbaric copy of a coin of Euthydemus, from the region of Sogdiana. History Hellenistic period The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes a fortress in Sogdiana was captured in 327 BC by the forces of Alexander the Great The legend on the reverse is in aramaic. Aramaic is a Semitic language with Such coins suggest that Euthydemus ruled, and then lost the territory of Sogdiana.

There exist many coins of Euthydemus, portraying him as a young, middle-aged and old man. He is also featured on no less than three commemorative issues by later kings, Agathocles, Antimachus I and one anonymous series^[3]. Agathocles "the Just" was an Indo-Greek king who reigned between around 190 and 180 BCE For other uses of name see Antimachus Anthimachus I was one of the Greco-Bactrian kings from around 185 to He was succeeded by Demetrius, who went on to conquer northern India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

Notes

1. ^ Polybius. Diodotus II was a Greco-Bactrian king son of Diodotus I. He is known for concluding a peace treaty with the Parthian king Arsaces, in order The Gr(aeco-Bactrian Kingdom was the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 Demetrius I (ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΣ was a Greco-Bactrian king (reigned circa 200-180 BC Polybius (ca 203 &ndash 120 BC, Greek) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic Period noted for his book called The Histories The Histories, Book XI chap. 34 v. 1.  
2. ^ ^{a b} Polybius 11.34 Siege of Bactra
3. ^ "Two Remarkable Bactrian Coins" RC Senior, Oriental Numismatic Society Newsletter 159