| Placental mammals / Eutheria Fossil range: Early Cretaceous - Recent |
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 House Mouse, Mus musculus
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Eutheria[2] is a taxon containing the placental mammals, such as humans. The Cretaceous (kriːˈteɪʃəs, usually abbreviated 'K' for its German translation "Kreide" is a geologic period and system, reaching from the end of The House Mouse ( Mus musculus) is one of the most numerous species of the genus Mus commonly termed a Mouse. Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Theria (ˈθɪərɪə from the Greek θηρίον, wild beast is a subclass of Mammals ref> that give birth to live young without Thomas Henry Huxley PC FRS (4 May 1825 – 29 June 1895 was an English Biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Eomaia scansoria ('climbing dawn mother' is a recently discovered extinct Mammal that may be one of the earliest ancestors of the Eutheria yet to Maelestes gobiensis is a species of prehistoric shrew-like Mammal discovered in 1997 in the Gobi Desert. The superorder Xenarthra is a group of Placental mammals (infraclass Eutheria extant today only in the Americas Armadillos are small Placental Mammals known for having a leathery armor shell The order Pilosa is a group of placental Mammals extant today only in the Americas Laurasiatheria is a Clade of rank Cohort or super-order within the Placentalia (living or Eutheria (Placentals and their extinct ancestors The order Soricomorpha ("shrew-form" is a biological Clade within the class of Mammals In previous years it formed a significant Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and Grazing Mammals which compose the order Perissodactyla. Cetartiodactyla is the Clade to which Whales (including Dolphins and Even-toed ungulates have currently been placed The diverse order Carnivora (kɑrˈnɪvərə or sometimes /ˌkɑrnɪˈvɔərə/ from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh" + vorāre Meridiungulata is a clade with the rank of cohort or super-order possibly part of Laurasiatheria, containing the South-American Ungulates Pyrotheria Condylarthra is an order of extinct Placental Mammals known primarily from the Paleocene and Eocene epochs Dinocerata ("terrible horn" mammals are an Extinct order of plant-eating, Rhinoceros -like hoofed creatures famous for their paired horns Mesonychia ("Middle Claws quot are an extinct order of medium to large-sized carnivorous mammals that were closely related to Artiodactyls (even-toed Cimolesta (from Greek literally "White Clay Thieves" is an extinct order of Mammals A few experts place the Pangolins within Cimolesta though The creodonts are an Extinct order of Mammals that lived from the Paleocene to the Miocene epochs Afrotheria is a Clade of Mammals with the rank of Superorder or Cohort, containing (among others the Golden moles Elephant shrews The order Afrosoricida (a Latin-Greek compound name which means "looking like African shrews" contains the Golden moles of southern Africa and A hyrax (from Greek 'shrewmouse' Afrikaans: klipdassie, from Dutch: klipdas 'rockbadger' is any of four Species of fairly Elephant shrews or jumping shrews are small insectivorous Mammals native to Africa, belonging to the Macroscelididae family in the Proboscidea is an order containing only one family of living animals Elephantidae the Elephants with three living Species ( African Bush Not to be confused with order Sirenidae (aquatic salamanders For the Gothic metal band see Sirenia (band Sirenia The Aardvark ( Orycteropus afer) ("Digging foot" is a medium-sized burrowing nocturnal Mammal native to Africa. The Euarchontoglires (synonymous with Supraprimates) are a Mammalian superorder based on molecular genetic sequence analyses and Retrotransposon presence/absence The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two families, the Leporidae ( Hares and A primate is a member of the biological order Primates ( Latin: "prime first rank" the group that contains Lemurs the Aye-aye Rodentia is an order of Mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously-growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must The treeshrews (or tree shrews) are small Mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. A taxon (plural taxa) or taxonomic unit, is a name designating an organism or a group of Organisms In Biological nomenclature according to The placenta is an Ephemeral organ present in placental Vertebrates, such as Eutherial Mammals and Sharks during Gestation Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus The sister group of Eutheria is Metatheria, which includes marsupials and their extinct relatives. Cladistics is the hierarchical classification of Species based on evolutionary ancestry Metatheria is a grouping within the animal class Mammalia First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is nearly synonymous with the earlier taxon Marsupials are an Infraclass of Mammals characterized by a distinctive pouch (called the marsupium) in which females carry their young through
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Origin of the word
The name Eutheria comes from the Greek words eu- "well[-developed]" and ther "beast". Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly When Eutheria was introduced by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, he meant it to be broader in definition than its precursor Placentalia. Thomas Henry Huxley PC FRS (4 May 1825 – 29 June 1895 was an English Biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Some use Eutheria as a total group which includes the crown group Placentalia and extinct mammals which are closer to Placentalia than to Marsupialia. Total group (also total clade, stem clade, or panstem clade) is a term used in Systematics to refer to a crown Clade plus The Crown Group is a Catering and event caterer in the United Kingdom. Marsupials are an Infraclass of Mammals characterized by a distinctive pouch (called the marsupium) in which females carry their young through
Characteristics of eutherians
Nevertheless, all living eutherians are placental mammals. This means that a eutherian fetus is nourished during gestation by a placenta. A fetus (or foetus or fœtus) is a developing Mammal or other Viviparous Vertebrate, after the Embryonic stage and The placenta is an Ephemeral organ present in placental Vertebrates, such as Eutherial Mammals and Sharks during Gestation Eutherians are also viviparous, meaning that the offspring are carried in the mother's uterus until fully developed. A viviparous Animal is an animal employing vivipary: the embryo develops inside the body of the mother as opposed to outside in an egg ( Ovipary The uterus (from the Latin word for womb) is the major Female reproductive organ of most Mammals including Humans One end the
Differences from other mammals
Because of this, eutherians are different from other mammal groups such as monotremes and marsupials which are not placental. Monotremes (from the Greek monos 'single' + trema 'hole' referring to the Cloaca) are Mammals that lay eggs ( Prototheria) instead Marsupials are an Infraclass of Mammals characterized by a distinctive pouch (called the marsupium) in which females carry their young through Monotremes, for instance, lay eggs which protect developing young until they are fully developed. In most Birds and Reptiles an egg ( Latin ovum) is the Zygote, resulting from Fertilization of the Ovum. Marsupials give birth to partially-developed young who then migrate to a special pouch in the mother's body in which the young continue their development. The pouch is a distinguishing feature of female Marsupials the name marsupial is derived from the Latin Marsupium, meaning pouch (Some exceptions do exist. Bandicoots for instance, which are marsupials, develop small placenta-like structures during gestation. A bandicoot is any of about 20 species of small to medium-sized terrestrial Marsupial Omnivores in the order Peramelemorphia. )
Earliest example
The earliest known eutherian species is the extinct Eomaia scansoria from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Eomaia scansoria ('climbing dawn mother' is a recently discovered extinct Mammal that may be one of the earliest ancestors of the Eutheria yet to The Cretaceous (kriːˈteɪʃəs, usually abbreviated 'K' for its German translation "Kreide" is a geologic period and system, reaching from the end of China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National It is a member of Eutheria, but the hips of the animal were too narrowly built to have allowed the birth of well-developed young. Thus it is unlikely that a placenta greatly contributed to the development of E. scansoria's young before they were born.
Members of Eutheria are found on all continents and in all oceans.
See also
- List of placental mammals
- Mammal for classification. The class Mammalia (the Mammals is divided into two subclasses based on reproductive techniques egg laying mammals (the monotremes and mammals which give live birth Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands
- Theria
Compare and contrast
Notes and references
Detailed cladogram of Eutheria from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, February 4, 2003, vol. Theria (ˈθɪərɪə from the Greek θηρίον, wild beast is a subclass of Mammals ref> that give birth to live young without Metatheria is a grouping within the animal class Mammalia First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is nearly synonymous with the earlier taxon Prototheria (ˌproʊtəˈθɪərɪə from Greek prōtos, first + thēr, wild animal is a Taxonomic group or Taxon, to which the order Cladistics is the hierarchical classification of Species based on evolutionary ancestry 100, no. 3, pp. 1056-1061.
- ^ Eutheria phylogeny. Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Retrieved on 2006-03-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion.
- ^ Today Placentalia and Eutheria are sometimes considered to be the same group. See also Evolution of mammals Eutheria ("true beast" are a group of Mammals consisting of Placental mammals plus all extinct Mammals But there are proposals of classification (McKenna & Bell, 1997) that differentiate between the two groups.
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