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European American
Susan B. Anthony • Neil Armstrong • Albert Einstein • Elvis Presley
Benjamin Franklin • Helen Keller • John F. Kennedy • Madonna
Marilyn Monroe • Eleanor Roosevelt • Meryl Streep • George Washington
Total population

European Americans
171,801,940
60. Susan Brownell Anthony ( February 15, 1820 &ndash March 13, 1906) was a prominent American Civil rights leader who played Neil Alden Armstrong (born August 5 1930 is a former American Astronaut, Test pilot, University Professor, and United States Albert Einstein ( German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n; English: ˈælbɝt ˈaɪnstaɪn (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955 was a German -born theoretical Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Helen Adams Keller (June 27 1880 – June 1 1968 was an American Author, Activist and lecturer John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson, June 1 1926 &ndash August 5 1962 baptized Norma Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (ˈɛlɪnɔr ˈroʊzəvɛlt October 11 1884 &ndash November 7 1962 Mary Louise "Meryl" Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an award-winning American Actress who has worked in Theatre, George Washington (February 22 1732 December 14 1799 served as the first President of the United States of America (1789&ndash1797 and led the 7% of the total US population
Regions with significant populations
All regions
Languages
Predominately English · German · Spanish · French, Italian · Polish others
Religions
Predominantly Western Christianity · minorities practice Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism or other faiths; sizeable secular population

A European American (Euro-American) is a person who resides in the United States and is either from Europe or is the descendant of European immigrants or founding colonists. Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The Spanish language is the second most-common language in the United States after English. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Western Christianity is a term used to cover the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, the Churches of the Anglican Communion, the Lutheran Church The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to The Eastern Orthodox Church: the Eastern Christian churches of Byzantine For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut Secularity ( adjective form secular) is the state of being separate from Religion. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [1]

Overall, as the largest group, European Americans have the lowest poverty rate[2] and the second highest educational attainment levels, median household income,[3] and median personal income[4] of any racial demographic in the nation. The most common measure of Poverty in the United States is the " poverty line " set by the U The educational attainment of the US population is similar to that of many other industrialized countries with the vast majority of the population having completed secondary education Household income is a measure of current private income commonly used by the United States government and private institutions Personal income is a measure utilized by the United States government particularly the Department of Commerce, to determine the income of individuals

Contents

Terminology

US Census

In 1977, it was proposed that the term "European American" replace "white" as a racial label in the US Census. [5] Although not currently used by most government bodies, the term is appearing more frequently and might eventually replace "White" just as "Native American" has replaced "Indian", "African American" has replaced "Black", and "Asian American" has replaced "Oriental" in many writings. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian

Use

The term European American is more narrow than White American in terms of their official usage. The term is different from Caucasian American, White American, and Anglo American. right|250px|right|thumb|Anglo-America dark green indicates countries traditionally included in the region ([[Canada]] and the [[United States]] [6], though "European Americans" is sometimes used as a synonym for White Americans. According to the Texas Association of Museums, "European American," White American, Caucasian American or Anglo are terms that vary in their preference depending on the individual and their descent. The term Anglo is used as a prefix to indicate a relation to the Angles, England or the English people, as in the phrases ' Anglo-Saxon ' ' ,[7] Anglo is a term commonly used in the southwestern United States, because of that term combines a number of distinct ethnicities under a single rubric with origins in England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The term also has a more specific reference than either White American or Caucasian American since both of these terms include a larger group of people than is acknowledged in Europe. Also, whereas White American and Caucasian American carry somewhat ambiguous definitions, depending on the speaker, European American has a more specific definition and scope. However, there are many immigrants from the European continent who are not classified under the White racial grouping. A substantial or "visible" proportion of the populations of the UK, France and many other European countries are racially Black people, Asian people and of numerous other ethnic backgrounds that have all migrated there in recent decades. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Black is the Color of objects that do not emit or Reflect Light in any part of the Visible spectrum; they absorb all such frequencies of Asian or Asiatic is a Demonym for people from Asia. However the use of the term varies by country and person often referring to people from a particular These people often immigrate to the United States and are European American despite not being White. According to sociologist Rosanne Skirble, the term European American has increased somewhat in use but White American, Caucasian American and Anglo continue to be equally preferred depending on the descent of the given individual(s) or group to which the term refers. The term Anglo is used as a prefix to indicate a relation to the Angles, England or the English people, as in the phrases ' Anglo-Saxon ' ' [8]

Origin

The term was coined by some to emphasize the European cultural and geographical ancestral origins of Americans in the same way that is done for African Americans and Asian Americans rather than not emphasize ancestry. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian A European American identity is still notable because 90% of the respondents classified as white on the US Census knew their European ancestry. [9] Historically, the concept of an American was conceived in the US as a person of mixed European ancestries to the exclusion of African Americans and Native Americans. [10] As a linguistic concern, the term is often meant to discourage a dichotomous view of the racial landscape between the normative white category and everyone else. Linguistics is the scientific study of Language, encompassing a number of sub-fields A dichotomy is any splitting of a whole into exactly two non-overlapping parts The term race or racial group usually refers to the concept of categorizing Humans into Populations or groups on the basis of various sets [5] Margo Adair suggests that the recognition of specific European American ancestries allows certain Americans to become aware that they come from a variety of different cultures. [11]

Origins

European Americans are largely descended from colonial American stock supplemented with two big waves of immigration from Europe. Today, each of the three different branches of immigrants are most common in different parts of the country. Colonial stock, which is of mostly English, Scottish/Scots-Irish & Welsh descent, may be found throughout the country but is especially dominant in the South. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. Ulster Scots, also known as Ullans, Hiberno-Scots, or Scots-Irish, refers to the variety of Scots (sometimes referred to as The Welsh people ( Welsh: Cymro ("Welshman" Cymraes ("Welsh woman" Cymry ("Welshmen/women" Cymry The Southern United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South &mdashconstitutes a large distinctive Some people of colonial stock are also descendants of German and Dutch immigrants. The vast majority of these are Protestants. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. French descent, which can also be found throughout the country, is most concentrated in Louisiana, while Spanish descent is dominant in the Southwest. Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( The State of Louisiana ( or, État de Louisiane, pronounced) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America The Southwestern area of the United States could be defined as the states west of the Mississippi River, with the qualification of a certain northern limit such as the 37 These are primarily Roman Catholic and were assimilated with the Louisiana Purchase and the aftermath of the Mexican-American War, respectively. For the film see Louisiana Purchase (film. The Louisiana Purchase (French Vente de la Louisiane "Louisiana Sale" The first wave of European migration came from Northern and Western Europe between about 1820 and 1890. Most of these were from Ireland, Germany, Britain, Netherlands, and Scandinavia, and with large numbers of Irish and German Catholics immigrating, Roman Catholicism became an important minority religion. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well Their descendants are dominant in the Midwest and West, although Irish are also common in the Northeast. The Western United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American West or simply the West &mdashtraditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost The second wave of European Americans arrived from 1880 to 1920s, mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe. [9] This wave included Italians primarily from Southern Italy, Greeks, Poles, Slavs, Portuguese, and Eastern European Jews from Poland and Russia. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Their descendants are dominant in the Northeast. The Northeast is a region of the United States. As defined by the U

Culture

European American cultural lineage can be traced back to Europe and is institutionalized in the form of its government and civic education. [12] The Solutrean hypothesis suggested that Europeans may have been among the first in the Americas. The Solutrean hypothesis proposes that stone tool technology of the Solutrean culture in prehistoric Europe may have later influenced the development of the Clovis [13][14][15] More recent research has argued this not to be the case and that the founding Native American population came from Siberia through Beringia. An article in the American Journal of Human Genetics states "Here we show, by using 86 complete mitochondrial genomes, that all Native American haplogroups, including haplogroup X, were part of a single founding population, thereby refuting multiple-migration models. "[16] Since European Americans have mostly assimilated into American culture, European Americans now mostly express their individual ethnic ties sporadically and symbolically and do not consider their specific ethnic origins to be essential to their identity; however, European American ethnic expression has been revived since the 1960s. [9] In the 1960s, Mexican Americans and African Americans started exploring their cultural traditions as the ideal of cultural pluralism took hold. [9] European Americans followed suit by exploring their individual cultural origins and having less shame of expressing their unique cultural heritage. [9]

Demographics

Statistical regions of Europe as delineated by the United Nations (UN definition of Western Europe marked light blue):      Northern Europe      Western Europe      Eastern Europe      Southern Europe
Statistical regions of Europe as delineated by the United Nations (UN definition of Western Europe marked light blue):      Northern Europe      Western Europe      Eastern Europe      Southern Europe

The numbers below give numbers of European Americans as measured by the U. The article is about the geographic sense of the term For other uses including Regions and Regional, see Region (disambiguation. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Northern Europe is a term for the northern part of Europe. The United Nations defines Northern Europe as (Finland Western Europe at its most general meaning means 'all the countries in the West of Europe ' Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. The term Southern Europe can have four definitions geographical political climatic phytogeographic S. Census in 1980, 1990, and 2000. The numbers are measured according to declarations in census responses. This leads to uncertainty over the real meaning of the figures: For instance, as can be seen, according to these figures, the European American population dropped 40 million in ten years, but in fact this is a reflection of changing census responses. In particular, it reflects the increased popularity of the 'American' option following its inclusion as an example in the 2000 census forms.

It is important to note that breakdowns of the European American population into sub-components is a difficult and rather arbitrary exercise. Farley (1991) argues that "because of ethnic intermarriage, the numerous generations that separate respondents from their forbears and the apparent unimportance to many whites of European origin, responses appear quite inconsistent". [17] In particular, a large majority of European Americans have ancestry from a number of different countries and the response to a single 'ancestry' gives little indication of the backgrounds of Americans today. When only prompted for a single response, the examples given on the census forms and a pride in identifying the more distinctive parts of one's heritage are important factors; these will likely adversely affect the numbers reporting ancestries from the British Isles. Multiple response ancestry data often greatly increase the numbers reporting for the main ancestry groups, although Farley goes as far to conclude that "no simple question will distinguish those who identify strongly with a specific European group from those who report symbolic or imagined ethnicity. " He highlights responses in the Current Population Survey (1973) where for the main 'old' ancestry groups (e. g. , German, Irish, English, and French), over 40% change their reported ancestry over the six-month period between survey waves (page 422).

An important example to note is that in 1980 23. 75 million Americans claimed English Ancestry and 25. 85 claimed English ancestry together with one or more other. This represents 49. 6 million people. The table below shows that in 1990 when only single and primary responses were allowed this fell to 32 million and in 2000 to 24 million. [18]

Further information: Racial demographics of the United States
European American Ancestries in the 2000 U.S. Census[19][20]
Ancestry 1980 % of US
1980		 1990 % of US
1990		 2000 % of US
2000		 Change
North European 112,286,024 59. The United States is a diverse country racially and ethnically. The ancestry of the people of the United States is widely varied and includes descendants of Populations from around the World, some presumably extinct Northern Europe is a term for the northern part of Europe. The United Nations defines Northern Europe as (Finland 84% 108,762,804 39. 9% 74,700,988 30. 1% -31. 3%
West European 70,764,075 37. Western Europe at its most general meaning means 'all the countries in the West of Europe ' 58% 74,874,596 30. 5% 57,988,801 18. 6% -22. 6%
East European ? ? 16,545,509 6. Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. 7% 14,071,153 4. 9% -15. 0%
South European 17,393,296 9. The term Southern Europe can have four definitions geographical political climatic phytogeographic 29% 17,953,611 7. 1% 20,242,412 7. 1% +12. 7%
Flag of Albania Albanian 28,658 0. Albanian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Albanian ancestry 02% ? ? 113,661 ? ?
Flag of the United States American (see notes) no data no data 12,396,000 5. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 0% 20,625,093 7. 3% +63%
Flag of Austria Austrian 948,558 0. Austrian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Austrian ancestry 50% 864,783 0. 3% 730,336 0. 3% -15. 5%
Flag of Basque Country (autonomous community) Basque 43,140 0. Basque-Americans, or (Amerikanuak in Basque are Citizens of the United States who are of Basque ancestry 02% 47,956 0. 02% 57,793 0. 02% +20. 5%
Flag of Belgium Belgian 360,227 0. Belgian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Belgian ancestry 19% 380,403 0. 2% 384,531 0. 1% +01. 1%
Flag of Belarus Belarusian 7,381 0. Belarusian Americans (Беларусы ЗША are Americans of Belarusian descent 0% ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of the United Kingdom British 1,119,140 0. 4% 1,085,718 0. 4% -03. 0%
Flag of Bulgaria Bulgarian 42,504 0. Bulgarian Americans are Citizens of the United States with significant Bulgarian heritage 02% ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of Croatia Croatian 252,970 0. Croatian Americans are citizens of the United States of Croatian descent 13% 544,270 0. 2% 374,241 0. 1% -31. 2%
Flag of the Czech Republic Czech 1,892,456 1. Czech Americans refer to citizens of the United States who were born in or who descended from the territory of the historic Czech lands, (consisting of 01% 1,296,369 0. 5% 1,258,452 0. 4% -02. 9%
Flag of Cyprus Cypriot 6,053 0. A Cypriot American is a citizen of the United States of Cypriot heritage or decent 0% ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of Denmark Danish 1,518,273 0. 81% 1,634,648 0. 7% 1,430,897 0. 5% -12. 5%
Flag of the Netherlands Dutch 6,304,499 3. A Dutch American is an inhabitant of the United States of whole or partial Dutch ancestry 35% 6,226,339 2. 5% 4,541,770 1. 6% -27. 1%
Flag of England English 49,598,035 26. English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo -Americans although this may have a wider cultural meaning are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry 34% 32,651,788 13. 1% 24,509,692 8. 7% -24. 9%
Flag of Estonia Estonian 25,994 0. The Estonian-Americans ( Ameerika-eestlased are Citizens of the United States who are of Estonian ancestry mainly descendants of people who 01% 26,762 0. 01% 25,034 0. 01% -06. 5%
Flag of the Faroe Islands Faroese ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of Finland Finnish 615,872 0. Faroese Americans are Americans of Faroese descent Most Faroese emigrated to countries such as Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Norway Finnish Americans are Americans of Finnish descent who currently number about 700000 33% 658,854 0. 3% 623,559 0. 2% -05. 4%
Flag of France French 12,892,246 6. French Americans or Franco-Americans are citizens or permanent residents of the United States of French descent 85% 10,320,656 4. 1% 8,309,666 3% -19. 5%
Flag of Germany German 49,224,146 26. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry 14% 57,947,171 23. 3% 42,841,569 15. 2% -26. 1%
Flag of Greece Greek 959,856 0. A Greek American (Ελληνοαμερικανοί Ellinoamerikani) is a citizen of the United States, who is of Greek heritage or origin 51% 1,110,292 0. 4% 1,152,956 0. 4% +03. 8%
Flag of Hungary Hungarian 1,776,902 0. Hungarian Americans are American citizens of Hungarian descent 02% ? ? 1,398,724 ? ?
Flag of Iceland Icelandic 32,586 0. Icelandic Americans are Americans of Icelandic descent Demographics According to the 2000 U 02% 40,529 0. 0% 42,716 ? ?
Flag of Ireland Irish 40,165,702 21. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. 33% 38,735,539 15. 6% 30,524,799 10. 8% -21. 2%
Flag of Italy Italian 12,183,692 6. An Italian American is an American of Italian descent and/or dual citizenship 47% 14,664,189 5. 9% 15,638,348 5. 6% +06. 6%
Flag of Latvia Latvian 92,141 0. Latvian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Latvian ancestry 05% ? ? 87,564 ? ?
Flag of Lithuania Lithuanian 742,776 0. Lithuanian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Lithuanian ancestry 39% 811,865 0. 3% 659,892 0. 2% -18. 7%
Flag of Luxembourg Luxembourg 49,994 0. Luxembourg Americans, also known as Luxembourgian Americans, are Citizens of the United States of Luxembourgian ancestry 03% ? ? 45,139 ? ?
Flag of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonian ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of Malta Maltese 31,645 0. Macedonian Americans are Americans of Ethnic Macedonian descent Maltese Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Maltese ancestry 02% 39,600 0. 0% ? ? ?
Flag of Montenegro Montenegrin ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Flag of Norway Norwegian 3,435,839 1. Montenegrin Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Montenegrin ancestry Norwegian Americans (norskamerikanere are Americans of Norwegian descent 83% 3,869,395 1. 6% 4,477,725 1. 6% +15. 7%
Flag of Poland Polish 8,228,037 4. A Polish American is an American citizen of Polish descent There are an estimated 10 million Americans of Polish descent 37% 9,366,051 3. 8% 8,977,235 3. 2% -04. 2%
Flag of Portugal Portuguese 1,024,351 0. Portuguese Americans are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in the southwest European nation of Portugal, including the 54% 1,148,857 0. 5% 1,173,691 0. 4% +02. 2%
Flag of Romania Romanian 315,258 0. See also List of Romanian Americans A Romanian American is a Citizen of the United States who has significant Romanian heritage 17% 365,310 0. 1% 368,729 0. 1% +176. 1%
Flag of Russia Russian 2,781,432 1. Russian Americans are Americans whose ancestors were born in Russia. 48% 2,951,373 1. 2% 2,652,214 0. 9% -10. 1%
Flag of Ulster Scots-Irish 16,418 0. Scotch-Irish (the historically common term in North America) or Scots-Irish refers to inhabitants of the United States and by some of Canada 01% 5,617,773 2. 3% 4,319,232 1. 5% -23. 1%
Flag of Scotland Scottish 10,048,816 5. Scottish Americans or Scots Americans are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in Scotland. 34% 5,393,581 2. 2% 4,890,581 1. 7% -09. 3%
Flag of Serbia Serbian 100,941 0. Serbian Americans are Citizens of the United States who are of Serbian ancestry 05% 116,795 negligible 140,337 0. 1% +20. 2%
Flag of Slovakia Slovak 776,806 0. Slovak Americans are Americans of Slovak descent In the 1990 Census Slovak Americans made up the second-largest portion of Slavic 41% 1,882,897 0. 8% 797,764 0. 3% -57. 6%
Flag of Slovenia Slovenian 126,463 0. Slovene Americans or Slovenian Americans (ameriški Slovenci literally "American Slovenes" are citizens of the United States of Slovene 07% 124,437 0. 1% 176,691 0. 1% +42%
Flag of Spain Spanish 2,781,208 1. Spanish American ( Hispano Americano, derived from la ''[[Hispania]]'' now known as es ''[[Spain España]]'' the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula 48% 2,384,862 0. 9% 2,487,092 0. 9% +04. 3%
Flag of Sweden Swedish 4,345,392 2. Swedish Americans are Americans of Swedish descent most often related to the large groups of immigrants from Sweden in the late nineteenth century and early 31% 4,680,863 1. 9% 3,998,310 1. 4% -14. 6%
Flag of Switzerland Swiss 981,543 0. Swiss Americans are Americans of Swiss descent There are several ethnic/linguistic subgroups among Swiss Americans including Swiss German -speaking Swiss French 52% 1,045,482 0. 4% 911,502 0. 3% -12. 8%
Flag of Ukraine Ukrainian 730,056 0. Ukrainian Americans (Українці Америки Українці у США are Citizens of the United States who are of Ukrainian ancestry 39% 740,723 0. 3% 892,922 0. 3% +20. 5%
Flag of Wales Welsh 1,664,598 0. In the 2000 Census 175 million Americans reported Welsh ancestry, 0 88% 2,033,893 0. 8% 1,753,794 0. 6% -13. 8%
Total 150,227,658 79. 78% 210,181,975 84. 2% 171,801,940 60. 7% -18. 3%

Notes

References

  1. ^ Ohio State University. Diversity Dictionary. 2006. September 4, 2006. [1]
  2. ^ Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2004.
  3. ^ Median household income newsbrief, US Census Bureau 2005. Retrieved on 2006-09-24. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  4. ^ US Census Bureau, Personal income for Asian Americans, age 25+, 2006. Retrieved on 2006-12-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila
  5. ^ a b Bhopal, Raj. Pub Med. "White, European, Western, Caucasian or What? Inappropriate Labeling in Research on Race, Ethnicity and Health. " 1998. August 9, 2007. [2]
  6. ^ Lee, Sandra S. Mountain, Joanna. Barbara, Koening A. The Meanings of Race in the New Genomics: Implications for Health Disparities Research. Yale University. 2001. October 26, 2006. [3]
  7. ^ Texas Association of Museums. 2003. September 4, 2006. [4]
  8. ^ Skirble, Rosanne. New Voice of America. 2001. September 4, 2006. [5]
  9. ^ a b c d e Randolph, Gayle. Iowa State University. "Why Study European Immigrants. " 2007. June 14, 2007. [6]
  10. ^ Crevecoeur, Hector St. John. Letters from an American Farmer. "What is an American. " 1782.
  11. ^ Adair, Margo. Challenging White Supremacy Workshop. 1990 November 5, 2006. [7]
  12. ^ Kirk, Russell. The Heritage Lecture Series. "America Should Strengthen its European Cultural Roots. " Washington D. C:1949
  13. ^ Carey, Bjorn (19 February 2006). First Americans may have been European. Life Science. Retrieved on August 10, 2007.
  14. ^ Conner, Steve, Science Editor, (03 December 2002). Does skull prove that the first Americans came from Europe?. Published in the UK Independent. Retrieved on August 14, 2007.
  15. ^ Earliest humans in the Americas: new evidence from Mexico, Journal of Human Evolution 44, 379-387.
  16. ^ http://www.ajhg.org/AJHG/fulltext/S0002-9297(08)00139-0# "Mitochondrial Population Genomics Supports a Single Pre-Clovis Origin with a Coastal Route for the Peopling of the Americas" Fagundes, Nelson J. R. ; Kanitz, Ricardo; Eckert, Roberta; Valls, Ana C. S. ; Bogo, Mauricio R. ; Salzano, Francisco M. ; Smith, David Glenn; Silva, Wilson A. ; Zago, Marco A. ; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Andrea K. ; Santos, Sidney E. B. ; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza; Bonatto, Sandro L. American journal of human genetics(volume 82 issue 3 pp. 583 - 592)
  17. ^ Farley, Reyonlds (1991) Demography: "The new census question on ancestry: what did it tell us?" [8]
  18. ^ World Culture Encyclopedia [9]
  19. ^ Brittingham, Angela. Ancestry 2000:Census Brief. 2004. October 30, 2006. [10]
  20. ^ 1980 U.S Census Total Population

See also

The term Anglo is used as a prefix to indicate a relation to the Angles, England or the English people, as in the phrases ' Anglo-Saxon ' ' The melting pot is an analogy for the way in which homogeneous societies develop in which the ingredients in the pot (people of different cultures races and religions are White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, commonly abbreviated to the Acronym WASP, is a sociological and cultural Ethnonym American immigration ( emigration to the United States of America) refers to the movement of non-residents to the United States.
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