Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Euro banknotes and euro coins are the physical expression of the euro (EUR or €), the single currency of the European Union. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e A banknote (often known as a bill, paper money or simply a note) is a kind of Negotiable instrument, a Promissory note made by a Linguistic Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in They are currently used by 15 of its 27 member states. The euro was formally established as a unit of exchange on 1 January 1999 and the banknotes and coins entered circulation in 12 member states on 1 January 2002. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The remaining EU states (with the exception of the United Kingdom and Denmark) are required by their treaties of accession to adopt the euro after meeting the necessary economic conditions to enter the eurozone. [1]

Contents

Denominations

The banknotes show the signature of the president of the ECB, currently Jean-Claude Trichet
The banknotes show the signature of the president of the ECB, currently Jean-Claude Trichet

There are seven different denominations, each having a distinctive colour and size. The Presidents of the European Central Bank List List of presidents since the establishment of the bank on 1 June 1998 Jean-Claude Trichet (born 20 December 1942 is a French Civil servant who is the current president of the European Central Bank since 2003 The design for each of them has a common theme of European architecture in various artistic periods. The term architecture (from Greek αρχιτεκτονικήarchitektoniki) can be used to mean a process a profession or documentation Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual The front (or recto) of the note features windows or gateways while the back (or verso) has bridges. Care has been taken so that the architectural examples do not represent any actual existing monument, so as not to induce jealousy and controversy in the choice of which monument should be depicted. [2]

Common to all notes are the European flag, the initials of the European Central Bank in five versions (BCE, ECB, EZB, ΕΚΤ, EKP), a map of Europe on the back, the name "euro" in both Latin and Greek script and the signature of the current president of the ECB. The Flag of Europe is the flag and emblem of the European Union (EU and Council of Europe (CoE The European Central Bank (ECB is one of the world's most important Central banks responsible for Monetary policy covering the 15 member countries of the The Greek alphabet (Ελληνικό αλφάβητο is a set of twenty-four letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early The Presidents of the European Central Bank List List of presidents since the establishment of the bank on 1 June 1998 The 12 stars from the European Flag are also incorporated into every note. The Flag of Europe is the flag and emblem of the European Union (EU and Council of Europe (CoE

The euro banknote designs were chosen from 44 proposals in a design competition, launched by The Council of the European Monetary Institute (EMI) on 12 February 1996. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The winning entry, created by Robert Kalina from the Oesterreichische Nationalbank, was selected on 3 December 1996. The Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB is the Central bank of the Republic of Austria and as such an integral part of both the European System of Central Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar)

Specification

The paper used for euro banknotes is 100% pure cotton fibre, which improves their durability as well as imparting a distinctive feel. [3]

2002 Series
Image Value Dimensions,
millimetres		 Main Colour Design Printer code position
Obverse Reverse Architecture Century
€5 120 × 62 Grey Classical < 5th left image edge
€10 127 × 67 Red Romanesque 11-12th 8 o'clock star
€20 133 × 72 Blue Gothic 13-14th 9 o'clock star
€50 140 × 77 Orange Renaissance 15-16th right image edge
€100 147 × 82 Green Baroque & Rococo 17-18th right of 9 o'clock star
€200 153 × 82 Yellow-brown Art Nouveau 19-20th above 7 o'clock star
€500 160 × 82 Purple Modern 20th century 20-21st 9 o'clock star
These images are to scale at 0. The term Classical architecture has a specific Archaeological meaning relating to the architecture of Classical Greece Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Renaissance architecture is the architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 17th centuries in different regions of Europe in which there was a Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Rococo is a style of 18th century French art and Interior design. Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international This article is concerned with architectural aspects of Modernism; for the most recent developments in architecture see Contemporary architecture. 7 pixels per millimetre, a Wikipedia standard for world banknotes. For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

The following member overseas territories are shown: the Azores, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Madeira, Martinique, Réunion, and the Canary Islands. The Azores ( Açores ɐˈsoɾɨʃ or) is a Portuguese Archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1500 km (950  mi) from French Guiana (Guyane française officially fr ''Guyane'' is an Overseas department (French département d'outre-mer, or DOM) of France Guadeloupe is an island group or Archipelago located in the eastern Caribbean Sea at, with a land area of 1628 square kilometres (629  sq History See also History of Madeira Pre-Portuguese times Pliny mentions certain Purple Islands the position of which with reference to the Martinique is an Island in the eastern Caribbean Sea, having a land area of 1128 km² Réunion ( French: Réunion or formally La Réunion; previously Île Bourbon) is an island located in the Indian Ocean, east of The Canary Islands ( English pronunciation kəˈnæriː ˈaɪləndz Spanish: Islas Canarias, ˈizlas kaˈnarjas are a Spanish Cyprus and Malta are not shown, as they only joined the EU in 2004; also Malta is too small to be shown, with the minimum size for depiction being 400 km². Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands

These designs use the Duisenberg signature, which has since been replaced by the signature of Jean-Claude Trichet, the current president of the ECB. [4]

Special features for people with impaired sight

The design of euro banknotes include several characteristics suggested in co-operation with organisations representing blind people. Blindness is the condition of lacking Visual perception due to Physiological or Neurological factors These characteristics aid both people who are visually impaired (people who can see the banknotes, but cannot necessarily read the printing on them) and those who are entirely blind. Visual impairment or vision impairment is Vision loss that constitutes a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from Disease,

Euro banknotes increase in size with increasing denominations, which helps both the visually impaired and the blind. The predominant colouring of the notes alternates between “warm” and “cool” hues in adjacent denominations (see the chart above), making it still harder to confuse two similar denominations for those who can see the colour. The printing of the denominations is intaglio printing, which allows the ink to be felt by sensitive fingers, allowing some people to distinguish the printed denominations by touch alone. Intaglio (pronounced in-TAL-yo ɪn'tælɪəʊ is a family of Printmaking techniques in which the image is incised into a surface known as the matrix or plate Lower denominations (5, 10, 20) have smooth bands along one side of the note containing holograms; higher denominations have smooth, square patches with holograms. Holography (from the Greek, ὅλος - hólos whole + γραφή - grafē writing drawing is a technique that allows the Finally, the €200 and €500 notes have distinctive tactile patterns along the edges of the notes: the €200 note has vertical lines running from the bottom centre to the right-hand corner, and the €500 note has diagonal lines running down the right-hand edge.

It can be useful to fold a note between two fingers and then use the fingers as a length gauge to distinguish one note from another.

Although there have been other currencies pre-dating the euro that were specifically designed in similar ways (different sizes, colours, and ridges) to aid the visually impaired, the introduction of the euro constitutes the first time that authorities have consulted associations representing the blind before, rather than after, the release of the currency.

Security features

The ECB has described some of the more rudimentary security features of the euro note, allowing the general public to authenticate their currency at a glance. However, in the interest of security, the exhaustive list of these features is a closely-guarded secret.

Still, between the official descriptions and independent discoveries made by observant users, it is thought that the euro notes include at least thirty different security features. These include:

Holograms

€5 holographic band
€5 holographic band

The €5, €10 and €20 notes carry a holographic band to the right of the front side. Holography (from the Greek, ὅλος - hólos whole + γραφή - grafē writing drawing is a technique that allows the This band is imprinted with the note's denomination; e. g. , "€5 €5 €5. . . . " in the case of the five-euro note.

In the case of the €50 notes and higher, the band is replaced with a holographic decal.

Variable colour ink

Appears on the lower right corner of back side of the €50 and higher. When observed from different angles, the colour varies between purple and green.

Checksum

Each note has a unique serial number. The serial number contains a check digit (last digit) between 1 and 9, that fulfills the following criterion: if the initial letter is replaced by its position in the alphabet (that is L is 12, M is 13,. A checksum is a form of Redundancy check, a simple way to protect the integrity of data by detecting errors in data that are sent through space ( Telecommunications . . , Z is 26), the remainder from division of the resulting number by 9 is 8. In Arithmetic, when the result of the division of two Integers cannot be expressed with an integer Quotient, the remainder is the amount "left The remainder from division by 9 can easily be found by repeatedly adding up parts of the number.

For example: Z10708476264 gives 2610708476264. The remainder from division by 9 can be found by: 26 + 1 + 0 + 7 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 7 + 6 + 2 + 6 + 4 = 71, 7 + 1 = 8

By replacing the initial letter by a different system, you will get different required remainders. For instance, when replacing the letter by its ASCII value, the remainder will be 0, meaning, the resulting number will be divisible by 9 (see Divisibility rule; in this case, the repeated addition will result in 9). American Standard Code for Information Interchange ( ASCII) A divisibility rule is a method that can be used to determine whether a number is evenly divisible by other numbers

Another example: Z10708476264: the ASCII code for Z is 90, so the resulting number is 9010708476264. The addition of all digits gives 54; 5+4 = 9 - so the number is divisible by 9, or 9010708476264 modulo 9 is 0.

EURion constellation

Euro banknotes contain a pattern known as the EURion constellation which can be used to detect their identity as banknotes to prevent copying. The EURion constellation is a pattern of Symbols found on a number of Banknote designs since about 1996 Some older photocopiers are programmed to reject images containing this pattern.

Watermarks

Standard watermark

Each denomination is printed on uniquely-watermarked paper. A watermark is a recognizable image or pattern in Paper that shows in various shades of lightness/darkness when viewed by transmitted light (or when viewed by reflected This may be observed by holding the note up to the light.

Digital watermark

Like the EURion constellation, a Digimarc digital watermark is embedded in the banknotes' designs. Recent versions of image editors, such as Adobe Photoshop or Paint Shop Pro refuse to process banknotes. Paint Shop Pro ( PSP) is a Raster graphics editor and later in the series a Vector graphics editor for computers running the Microsoft Windows [5]

Infra-red and ultra-violet watermarks

When seen in the near infrared, the banknotes will show darker areas in different zones depending on the denomination. Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of Ultraviolet light will make the EURion constellation show in sharper contrast, and also some fluorescent threads stand out. Ultraviolet ( UV) light is Electromagnetic radiation with a Wavelength shorter than that of Visible light, but longer than X-rays Fluorescence is a Luminescence that is mostly found as an

Printing registration

The note value in the upper-left corner is printed incompletely, as is the denomination in the upper-right corner of the back. Registration is a term used in the printing and Desktop publishing industry When held up to the light, this denomination is visible in its entirety. Genuine notes will exhibit perfect alignment (or "registration") between the front and back. If the note has been printed incorrectly, i. e. by a counterfeiter, these numbers may appear poorly aligned.

Raised printing

Some areas of the notes have a different Texture from others. Texture refers to the properties held and sensations caused by the external surface of objects received through the sense of touch. the "BCE ECB EZB" characters are raised to the touch.

Bar code

When held up to the light, metallic bars can be seen to the right of the watermark. The number and width of these bars indicates the value of the note. When scanned, these bars are converted to Manchester code. In Telecommunication, Manchester code (also known as Phase Encoding, or PE) is a Line code in which the encoding of each data Bit

Manchester code
Note Barcode Manchester
€5 0110 10 100
€10 0101 10 110
€20 1010 1010 0000
€50 0110 1010 1000
€100 0101 1010 1100
€200 0101 0110 1110
€500 0101 0101 1111

(looked at from the reverse, a dark bar is 1, a bright bar 0)

Security Thread

A black magnetic thread in the middle of the note is seen only against a light source. It shows the denomination of the note, along with the word "euro".

Magnetic ink

Some areas feature magnetic ink. The rightmost church window on the €20 note is magnetic, as well as the large zero above it.

Micro-print

The texture lines to the bottom, e. g. those aligned with the ΕΥΡΩ mark on the €10 note, are actually made of the word "EURO" in very small print.

Matted surface

The euro sign and the denomination are printed on a vertical band which is only visible when lighted at an angle of 45°.

Counterfeiting

Graph of counterfeits seized by ECB
Graph of counterfeits seized by ECB

There has been a rapid growth in the counterfeiting of euro banknotes and coins since the launch of the currency in 2002. A counterfeit is an imitation that is made usually with the intent to deceptively represent its content or origins

In 2003, 551,287 fake euro notes and 26,191 bogus euro coins were removed from EU circulation. In 2004, French police seized fake €10 and €20 notes worth a total of around €1. 8 million from two laboratories and estimated that 145,000 notes had already entered circulation.

Serial number

Unlike the euro coins, the euro notes do not have a national side indicating which country produced them. Linguistic This information is instead encoded within the note's serial number.

The first letter of the serial number uniquely identifies the country that issues the note. The remaining numbers (when added up and the digits of the resulting sum then added together again until a single digit remains) give a checksum also particular to that country. The W, K and J codes have been reserved for the EU member states currently not participating in the euro.

Country letters

Country codes are alphabetised according to the countries' names in the official language of each country, but reversed:

National identification codes
Code Country Checksum(1)
in English in official language
Z Belgium België/Belgique/Belgien 9
Y Greece Ελλάδα [Ellada] 1
X Germany Deutschland 2
(W) (Denmark) Danmark (3)
V Spain España 4
U France France 5
T Ireland Éire/Ireland 6
S Italy Italia 7
(R) (Luxembourg) Luxembourg/Luxemburg/Lëtzebuerg (8)
(Q) Not Used
P Netherlands Nederland 1
(O) Not Used
N Austria Österreich 3
M Portugal Portugal 4
L Finland Suomi/Finland 5
(K) (Sweden) Sverige (6)
(J) (United Kingdom) United Kingdom (7)
(I) Not Used
H Slovenia Slovenija 9
G Cyprus Κύπρος [Kypros]/Kıbrıs 1
F Malta Malta 2

(1) checksum of the 11 digits without the letter

The notes of Luxembourg currently use the prefix belonging to the country where they were printed.

Although the Slovenian letter had been reserved since the eurozone enlargement in January 2007, the country initially used previously issued banknotes issued from other member states. The first banknotes bearing the "H" letter, produced in France specifically on behalf of Slovenia, were witnessed no sooner than April 2008[6].

Cyprus and Malta will not print euro notes for the time being, and will use previously issued banknotes from other eurozone member states. Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands However, country codes have been reserved for both countries, as appears on the ECB Euro banknote FAQ site [1]. The European Central Bank (ECB is one of the world's most important Central banks responsible for Monetary policy covering the 15 member countries of the

It seems from that further country codes are assigned in reverse order from the last assigned code "J" for the UK, according to the time a country joins the Eurozone. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Euro Enlargement of the When two or more countries join at the same time, the same rule is followed as with the initial assignments of country codes, i. e. the country codes are alphabetised according to the countries' names in the official language of each country, but reversed. "H" was assigned to Slovenia which joined the Eurozone in 2007 following "J" which was the last letter assigned so far, to the UK. Euro Enlargement of the Then when Cyprus and Malta joined in 2008, "G" was assigned to Cyprus (Κύπρος [Kypros] in Greek, Kıbrıs in Turkish, the island's two official languages both starting with the letter K) and "F" was assigned to Malta. Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía

Also, as the number of members of the EU grows steadily larger, it seems likely that when the next series is issued (2010 expected) that the prefixes will change to 2-character prefixes as at that stage, there should be 27 members (but only 26 letters in the Latin alphabet, or fewer if letters that could be confused with numbers are excluded). The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in

It has also been suggested that, should the prefixes change to two characters, the code should be the state's ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code (e. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter Country codes in the ISO 3166-1 standard to represent countries and dependent territories. g. , EE for Estonia, DE for Germany).

Printing works

Somewhat hidden on the front of the note is a second, smaller sequence where the first letter identifies the actual printer of the note. The printer code need not coincide with the country code, i. e. notes issued by a particular country may have been printed in another country (e. g. some Finnish notes have in fact been produced by a UK printer). The A, C and S codes have been reserved for printers currently not printing euro banknotes.

Printer identification codes
Code Printer Location Country
(A)
 (Bank of England Printing Works) (Loughton) (United Kingdom)
(B)
 Not Used --- ---
(C)
 (Tumba Bruk) (Tumba) (Sweden)
D
 Setec Oy Vantaa Finland
E
 F. The Bank of England (formally the Governor and Company of the Bank of England) is a state-owned institution and the Central bank of the United Kingdom Loughton (ˈlaʊtən or lau-ton) is a town and Civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex. Tumba Bruk is the printing company responsible for manufacturing of the Swedish krona banknotes Tumba is a bimunicipal Districts of Tumba Vretarna Tuna Nackdala Tumba centrum Storvreten Lövholmen Setec Oy is the former Bank of Finland 's banknote printer It was founded in 1885 and in 1991 it was publicized. Geography Location Vantaa encompasses 243 km² of which 190 km² is water C. Oberthur Chantepie France
F
 Österreichische Banknoten und Sicherheitsdruck Vienna Austria
G
 Koninklijke Joh. Enschedé Haarlem Netherlands
H
 De La Rue Gateshead United Kingdom
(I)
 Not Used --- ---
J
 Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato Rome Italy
K
 Banc Ceannais na hÉireann / Central Bank of Ireland Dublin Ireland
L
 Banque de France Chamalières France
M
 Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre Madrid Spain
N
 Bank of Greece Athens Greece
(O)
 Not Used --- ---
P
 Giesecke & Devrient Munich & Leipzig Germany
(Q)
 Not Used --- ---
R
 Bundesdruckerei Berlin Germany
(S)
 (Danmarks Nationalbank) (Copenhagen) (Denmark)
T
 National Bank of Belgium Brussels Belgium
U
 Valora - Banco de Portugal Carregado Portugal

As from 2002, the individual national central banks (NCBs) are responsible for the production of one or two specific banknote denominations and will thus select the printing works. Chantepie (Kantpig Gallo: Chauntepiy) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Bretagne in northwestern Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Royal Joh Enschedé is a printer of security documents and Banknotes based in Haarlem, The Netherlands. in the past usually Harlem in English is a city in the Netherlands. De La Rue plc ( is a British security printing papermaking and cash handling systems company headquartered in Basingstoke, Hampshire. Gateshead is a town in Tyne and Wear, England. It lies on the southern bank of the River Tyne, opposite Newcastle upon Tyne. The Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato is the mint of the Italian Republic. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 The Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland (Banc Ceannais agus Údarás Seirbhísí Airgeadais na hÉireann is the financial services regulator of Ireland Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. The Banque de France is the Central bank of France; it is linked to the European Central Bank (ECB Chamalières is a town and commune in France, in the third-largest in the Puy-de-Dôme département. The Royal Spanish Mint ( Spanish: Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre – Real Casa de la Moneda, abbreviated as FNMT-RCM) is the national Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. The Bank of Greece ( Greek: "Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος" is the national Central bank of Greece, located in Athens Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Giesecke & Devrient (G&D is a German company headquartered in Munich that provides Banknote and Securities printing Smart cards, Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Danmarks Nationalbank (in Danish often simply Nationalbanken) is the Central bank of Denmark. Copenhagen (ˌkəʊpənˈheɪgən ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːgən ˈkəʊpənˌheɪgən ˈkəʊpənˌhɑːgən kʰøb̥ənˈhɑʊ̯ˀn kʰøb̥m̩ˈhɑʊ̯ˀn is the capital and largest city The National Bank of Belgium ( Nationale Bank van België in Dutch, Banque nationale de Belgique in French, and Belgische Nationalbank Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Banco de Portugal is the Central bank of the Republic of Portugal. Carregado ( pron. kɐʁɨ'gadu is a Portuguese parish located in the municipality of Alenquer. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is the entity responsible for the Monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states For example the National Bank of Belgium is one of the 4 banks responsible for printing €50 notes. The National Bank of Belgium ( Nationale Bank van België in Dutch, Banque nationale de Belgique in French, and Belgische Nationalbank This decentralised pooling scheme means that the NCBs have to exchange the denominations produced in different locations prior to issue.

Design changes

Banknotes have to bear the ECB president's signature. New notes printed after November 2003 show Jean Claude Trichet's signature, replacing that of the first president, Wim Duisenberg. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Jean-Claude Trichet (born 20 December 1942 is a French Civil servant who is the current president of the European Central Bank since 2003 Willem Frederik Duisenberg, commonly known as Wim Duisenberg, (9 July 1935 &ndash 31 July 2005 was a Dutch Banker and Politician.

Current issues do not reflect the expansion of the EU to 27 member states (Cyprus and Malta are not depicted on current notes). Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands Since the ECB plans to redesign the notes every seven or eight years after each issue, a second series of banknotes is already in preparation. New production and anti-counterfeiting techniques will be employed on the new notes, but the design will be of the same theme and colours as the current series; bridges and arches. They would still be recognisable as a new series however. [7]

Two more abbreviations of the European Central Bank name will have to be included on the banknotes: the Cyrillic (ЕЦБ) and Polish (EBC). The Cyrillic alphabet (səˈrɪlɪk also called azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters is actually a family of Alphabets, subsets of which are used by

Only the Cyrillic rendering of the name "euro" (евро) will be added to the new series, since it is ECB policy that the name euro be used in all countries using Latin script. See the article Linguistic issues concerning the euro for more information on this discussion. Several linguistic issues have arisen in relation to the spelling of the words Euro and cent in the many languages of the member states

This new series is expected to be issued in 2010 at the earliest. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. [8]

€1 and €2 notes

Italy, Greece and Austria have asked several times to introduce lower denominations of euro notes. [9] The ECB has stated that "printing a €1 note is more expensive (and less durable) than minting a €1 coin". On 18 November 2004 the ECB decided definitively that there was insufficient demand across the Eurozone for very low denomination banknotes. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " On 25 October 2005, however, more than half of the MEPs supported a motion calling on the European Commission and the European Central Bank to recognise the definite need for the introduction of €1 and €2 banknotes. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A Member of the European Parliament ( English abbreviation MEP) is a member of the European Union 's legislative body the European Parliament. [10] However it must be noted that the European Central Bank is not directly answerable to the Parliament or the Commission, and will therefore possibly ignore the motion. It is also possible the ECB may recognise the need, but take no action to fulfil this need.

Design

Owing to the ubiquity of countless historic bridges, arches, and gateways throughout the continent, all the structures represented on the banknotes are entirely fictional syntheses of the relevant architectural styles, merely designed to evoke the landmarks within the EU. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in [11]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/enlargement_process/accession_process/criteria/index_en.htm and see "Copenhagen criteria"
  2. ^ http://www.ecb.eu/bc/banknotes/security/didyouknow/html/index.en.html#bridges
  3. ^ Euro
  4. ^ ECB: Design
  5. ^ Steven J. Murdoch's description
  6. ^ EuroBillTracker :: View topic - Slovenian notes, serial number H
  7. ^ The life cycle of a banknote, De Nederlandsche Bank. Currency bill tracking is the process (usually facilitated by any one of a number of websites set up for the purpose of tracking the movements of Banknotes similar to how EuroBillTracker ( EBT) is a Website designed for tracking Euro banknotes. The Copenhagen criteria are the rules that define whether a country is eligible to join the European Union. De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB The Dutch Bank) is the Central bank of the Netherlands. Accessed 2007-08-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli
  8. ^ Neue Euro-Banknoten erst nach 2010Accessed 2007-09-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I.
  9. ^ Greece presses demand for one-euro notes — EUbusiness.com - business, legal and financial news and information from the European Union
  10. ^ P6_TA(2005)0399
  11. ^ ECB: Design

External links

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic