Spindle
European Spindle foliage and fruit
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Celastrales Family: Celastraceae Genus: Euonymus L.
Species
See text

The spindles, genus Euonymus, comprise about 170-180 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs and small trees. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Magnoliopsida is the Botanical name for a class of Flowering plants By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its The Celastrales are an order of Flowering plants included within the rosid subgroup of Dicotyledons Newer classifications include the following three families The Celastraceae (or Staff vine or bittersweet family syn Canotiaceae Chingithamnaceae Euonymaceae Goupiaceae Lophopyxidaceae Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Botany Autumn leaf color. See --> In Botany and Horticulture, deciduous Plants, including In Botany, an Evergreen plant is a plant having leaves all year round A shrub or Bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of Woody plant, distinguished from a Tree A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or They live mostly in East Asia, including the Himalayas,^[1] and they also have a distribution in Europe, Asia, Australasia, North America and Madagascar. Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern

Mature Spindle fruit, after splitting open to reveal the seeds

The flowers are situated in small groups, inconspicuous and of green or yellow shades. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also ^[1] The leaves are opposite (rarely alternate) and simple ovoid, typically 2-15 cm long, and usually with a finely serrated margin.

The fruit is a pink-red four- or five- valved pod-like berry, which splits open to reveal the fleshy-coated orange seeds. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored The seeds are eaten by frugivorous birds, which digest the fleshy seed coat and disperse the seeds in their droppings. Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. All parts of the plants are poisonous to humans if eaten. In the context of Biology, poisons are substances that can cause damage, Illness, or Death to Organisms usually by Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus

Selected species

Cultivation and uses

A variegated cultivar of Euonymus fortunei

The wood was traditionally used for the making of spindles for spinning wool; this use is the origin of the English name of the shrubs. UserPolbot. --> Euonymus serratifolius is a species of Plant in the Celastraceae family UserPolbot. --> Euonymus thwaitesii is a species of Plant in the Celastraceae family UserPolbot. --> Euonymus walkeri is a species of Plant in the Celastraceae family Variegation is the appearance of differently coloured zones in the leaves, and sometimes the stems, of Plants This may be due to a number of causes Euonymus fortunei, also commonly known as winter creeper or wintercreeper and Fortune's spindle is a species of Euonymus native to China Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs A spindle (sometimes called a drop spindle) is a Wooden spike weighted at one end with a circular Whorl; it may have an optional hook at either end of the Spinning is an ancient textile art in which plant, animal or synthetic Fibers are twisted together to form Yarn (or thread Wool is the fiber derived from the specialized skin cells called follicles of animals in the Caprinae family principally sheep, but the hair of certain species

Spindles are popular garden shrubs, grown for their foliage, the deciduous species often exhibiting very bright red fall colours, and also for the decorative berries. A garden is a planned space usually outdoors set aside for the display cultivation and enjoyment of Plants and other forms of Nature.

Fall foliage of Winged Spindle (Euonymus alatus)

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Botanica. Euonymus alatus, known variously as Winged Spindle, Winged Euonymus or Burning Bush, is a Deciduous Shrub native to The Illustrated AZ of over 10000 garden plants and how to cultivate them", p 358. Könemann, 2004. ISBN 3-8331-1253-0