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Eugene Merle Shoemaker
Eugene Shoemaker at a stereoscopic microscope used for asteroid discovery
Eugene Shoemaker at a stereoscopic microscope used for asteroid discovery
BornApril 28, 1928
Los Angeles, California
DiedJuly 18, 1997
Alice Springs, Australia
Alma materPrinceton
Known forplanetary science
Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9
Eugene Shoemaker wearing a Bell rocket belt while training astronauts.
Eugene Shoemaker wearing a Bell rocket belt while training astronauts. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Alice Springs is the second largest town in the Northern Territory of Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Planetary science, also known as planetology and closely related to planetary astronomy, is the Science of Planets or Planetary systems Shoemaker-Levy redirects here For other Shoemaker-Levy comets see List of periodic comets. For other meanings see Jetpack (disambiguation. The Martin Jetpack, despite its name has no jets or rockets but is a small helicopter and

Eugene Merle Shoemaker (or Gene Shoemaker) (April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997) was one of the founders of the fields of planetary science. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Planetary science, also known as planetology and closely related to planetary astronomy, is the Science of Planets or Planetary systems Born in Los Angeles, California, he is best known for co-discovering the Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with his wife Carolyn Shoemaker and David Levy. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Shoemaker-Levy redirects here For other Shoemaker-Levy comets see List of periodic comets. Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (born June 24, 1929, in Gallup New Mexico) is a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 and is the widow Biography Levy was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on May 22, 1948.

Contents

Scientific contributions

For his Ph. D. at Princeton (1960), Dr. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Shoemaker conclusively showed that Barringer Meteor Crater, located near Winslow, Arizona, arose from a meteor impact. Meteor Crater is a Meteorite Impact crater located approximately 43 miles east of Flagstaff, near Winslow in the northern See also Impact crater An impact event is the Collision of a large Meteoroid, Asteroid or Comet (generically From a Geophysical standpoint, it had been proven by 1929 that Meteor Crater was indeed an impact structure. Such personages as Daniel M. Barringer had proven the impact origin by the year 1915 by studying the local terrain, ejecta and the rock flour which is acknowledged in David Krings recent guidebook to Meteor Crater (2007), with Forrest Ray Moulton, an astronomer/mathematician at the University of Chicago had proven in two papers the impact origin as well as predicting where some of the ejecta fragments might be, all by the year 1929. Subsequent work by H. H. Nininger during the 1940-1950 period was aimed at the search for ejecta and other impact byproducts. Shoemaker in the second paragraph of his paper on Impact Mechanics as published in the volume "Moon, Meteorites, and Comets" clearly picked up from where others before him had left off, using their work as a springboard for further studies. He himself lists the references to those earlier papers. Kring in his recent "Guidebook to the Geology of Barringer Meteorite Crater (a. k. a. Meteor Crater)", 2007, clearly points out how the work by Barringer was of a higher quality and more accurate than that of G. K. Gilbert in 1891. Since then Shoemaker has done more than any other person to advance the idea that sudden geologic changes can arise from asteroid strikes and that asteroid strikes are common over geologic time periods. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but Previously, astroblemes were thought to be remnants of extinct volcanoes -- even on the Moon. In the broadest sense the term impact crater can be applied to any depression natural or manmade resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with larger body

Shoemaker gained this insight after inspecting craters that remained after underground atomic bomb tests at the Nevada Test Site at Yucca Flats. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. The Nevada Test Site is a United States Department of Energy reservation located in Nye County, Nevada, about 65 miles (105 km northwest of the City of He found a ring of ejected material; in both cases it included shocked quartz (coesite), a form of quartz that has a microscopically unique structure caused by intense pressure. Shocked quartz is a form of Quartz that has a microscopic structure that is different from normal quartz Coesite is a form ( polymorph) of Silicon dioxide Si[[oxygen O]]2 that is formed when very high pressure (2&ndash3 Gigapascals and Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in

Dr. Shoemaker helped pioneer the field of astrogeology by founding the Astrogeology Research Program of the USGS in 1961. Planetary geology, alternatively known as astrogeology or exogeology, is a Planetary science discipline concerned with the Geology of the The USGS Astrogeology Research Program has a rich history of participation in space exploration efforts and planetary mapping starting in 1963 when the Flagstaff Science Center was The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was its first director. He was prominently involved in the Lunar Ranger missions to the Moon, which showed that the Moon was covered with a wide size range of impact craters. The Ranger program was a series of Unmanned space missions by the United States in the 1960s whose objective was to obtain the first close-up images of the surface Dr. Shoemaker was also involved in the training of the American astronauts. An astronaut or cosmonaut (космона́вт) is a person trained He was set to be the first scientist to walk on the Moon but was disqualified due to being diagnosed with Addison's disease, a disorder of the adrenal gland. Addison's disease (also known as chronic Adrenal insufficiency, '''hypocortisolism''' or '''hypocorticism) is a rare Endocrine disorder In Mammals the adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are the triangle-shaped Endocrine glands that sit on top of the Kidneys their

Coming to Caltech in 1969, he started a systematic search for Earth orbit-crossing asteroids, which resulted in the discovery of several families of such asteroids, including the Apollo asteroids. The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech) is a private, Coeducational research university located in Pasadena Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but

Dr. Shoemaker received the Barringer Medal in 1984 and a National Medal of Science in 1992. The Barringer Medal recognizes outstanding work in the field of impact cratering and/or work that has led to a better understanding of impact phenomena The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in Science and Engineering who have made important Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) In 1993, he co-discovered Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Shoemaker-Levy redirects here For other Shoemaker-Levy comets see List of periodic comets. This comet was unique in that it provided the first opportunity for scientists to observe the planetary impact of a comet. Shoemaker-Levy 9 collided with Jupiter in 1994. The resulting impact caused a massive "scar" on the face of Jupiter. Most scientists at the time were dubious of whether there would even be any evident markings on the planet.

Dr. Shoemaker spent much of his later years searching for and finding several previously unnoticed or undiscovered meteor craters around the world. It was during one such expedition that Dr. Shoemaker died in a car accident while on the Tanami Road northwest of Alice Springs, Australia in July of 1997. The Tanami Road, also known as the Tanami Track and the McGuire Track, is a road in Australia following a cattle Droving route northwest from Alice Springs is the second largest town in the Northern Territory of Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar On July 31, 1999, some of his ashes were carried to the Moon by the Lunar Prospector space probe. Space burial is a Burial procedure in which a small sample of the cremated ashes of the deceased are placed in a capsule the size of a tube of Lipstick The Lunar Prospector mission was the third selected by NASA for full development and construction as part of the Discovery Program. To date, he is the only person to have been buried on the moon. [1]

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ SPACE.com - Fly Me to the Moon ... Forever

External links

Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Science Magazine was a half-hour television show produced by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation from 1975 to 1979 PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. Overview The NGS's historical mission is "to increase and diffuse geographic knowledge while promoting the conservation of the world's cultural historical and natural
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