Eschatology

For other uses, see Eschatology (disambiguation). For the eschatological beliefs of various religions, see End Time. End time, End times, or End of days are the eschatological writings in the three Abrahamic religions and in doomsday scenarios in various other

For scientific assessments, see Risks to civilization, humans and planet Earth, and Ultimate fate of the universe. This is about the future of civilization humans and the earth The ultimate fate of the universe is a topic in Physical cosmology.

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, by Albrecht Dürer. The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are the forces of man's destruction described in the Christian Bible in chapter six of the Book of Revelation. Albrecht Dürer (ˈalbʀɛçt ˈdyʀɐ ( May 21, 1471 &ndash April 6, 1528) was a German painter, Printmaker

Eschatology (from the Greek ἔσχατος, Eschatos meaning "last" and -logy meaning "the study of") is a part of theology and philosophy concerned with the final events in the history of the world, or the ultimate destiny of humanity, commonly referred to as the end of the world. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Prehistory See also Prehistory Paleolithic See also Paleolithic, Recent African Origin, Early Homo sapiens Destiny refers to a predetermined course of events It may be conceived as a predetermined future whether in general or of an individual The world population is the total number of living Humans on Earth at a given time While in mysticism the phrase refers metaphorically to the end of ordinary reality and reunion with the Divine, in many traditional religions it is taught as an actual future event prophesied in sacred texts or folklore. Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos Prophecy, generally describes the disclosing of Information that is not known to the Prophet by any ordinary means History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological More broadly, eschatology may encompass related concepts such as the Messiah or Messianic Age, the end time, and the end of days. This article is about the concept of a Messiah in religion notably in the Christian Islamic and Jewish traditions Messianic Age is a Theological term referring to a future time of Peace and brotherhood on the earth without Crime, War and Poverty End time, End times, or End of days are the eschatological writings in the three Abrahamic religions and in doomsday scenarios in various other

The Greek word αἰών (aeon), meaning "century" (connotation "age"), may be translated as "end of the age (or historical period^[1])" instead of "end of the world". Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The time distinction also has theological significance; while the end of time in mystical traditions relates to escaping confinement in the "given" reality, some religions believe and fear it to be the literal destruction of the planet (or of all living things) - with the human race surviving in some new form, ending the current "age" of existence.

For example, according to ancient Hebrew belief, life takes a linear (and not cyclical) path; the world began with God and is constantly headed toward God’s final goal for creation.

1 Philosophy
2 Biblical Eschatology
3 Islamic eschatology
4 See also
5 External links
6 A Limited Selection of Books
7 References

Philosophy

Eschatology has also been a belief shared, sometimes theorized on, by philosophers. Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Saint Augustine stressed the allegorical method of interpretation. He was greatly influenced by Origen. Origen ( Greek: Ōrigénēs, or Origen Adamantius, ca 185–ca ^[2] He was followed by Ibn al-Nafis^[3] and Hegel with their philosophy of history, and, some have argued, Karl Marx. TemplateInfobox Muslim scholars --> Ala al-Din Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Abi-Hazm al-Qarshi al-Dimashqi ( Philosophy of history or historiosophy is an area of Philosophy concerning the eventual significance if any of human History. Theodicy has gathered together most Enlightenment thinkers, among whom are Kant and Rousseau. Theodicy (θiːˈɒdɪsi (adjectival form theodicean) is a specific branch of Theology and Philosophy that attempts to reconcile the existence of The Age of Enlightenment or The Enlightenment is a term used to describe a phase in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century Immanuel Kant (ɪmanuəl kant 22 April 1724 12 February 1804 was an 18th-century German Philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg

More recently, many involved in futures studies and transhumanism have noted the accelerating rate of scientific progress and anticipate a technological singularity in the 21st century that would profoundly and unpredictably change the course of human history. Futures Studies, Foresight, or Futurology is the science art and practice of postulating possible probable and preferable futures and the worldviews Transhumanism (sometimes symbolized by >H or H+) a term often used as a synonym for " Human enhancement " is an international intellectual The technological singularity is a theoretical future point of unprecedented technological progress caused in part by the ability of machines to improve themselves using Artificial ^[4] Artist/futurist Michael E. Arth, for example, speculates about the emergence of a hive-like distributed being that would be self-conscious, integrated into a future version of the Internet, and also able to exhibit any individualized form, or speak any language. Michael E Arth, born on April 27 1953 is an American artist home/landscape/urban designer futurist, and author The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks This collective intelligence, UNICE: Universal Network of Intelligent Conscious Entities, would connect everyone on the planet before it spreads outward into space. ^[5]

Judaism addresses the End times in the book of Isaiah. Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut End time, End times, or End of days are the eschatological writings in the three Abrahamic religions and in doomsday scenarios in various other Isaiah (; Greek:, Ēsaiās; Arabic: اشعیاء, Ash-ee-yaa; "Salvation of/is YHWH " is For Christianity, see the Book of Revelation. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Book of Revelation, also called Revelation to John, Apocalypse of John ( pronounced, from the Ἀποκάλυψις Ἰωάννου For the eschatological beliefs of various religions, see: End Times. End time, End times, or End of days are the eschatological writings in the three Abrahamic religions and in doomsday scenarios in various other

Biblical Eschatology

The Bible makes use of what is called apocalyptic eschatology, most notably in the Book of Revelation. Contrary to popular assumption, apocalyptic literature has very little to do with the actual end of existence; rather it aims to discuss the final purpose of creation. It does this through symbolic language, which uses familiar descriptions to explain eschatological truths. This language is not meant to be taken literally. An example of symbolic language in the book of Revelation is when it talks about a beast coming out of the water. In the same chapter it is then explained that the water is symbolic for people. So the beast came out of a "sea of men", basically a socially powerful person who came out of society; it shouldn't be interpreted as a giant monster coming out of the ocean and terrorizing everyone, something that sounds like mythology.

In the Bible, two types of eschatology are apparent: prophetic and apocalyptic. Prophetic eschatology describes Israel’s past experiences and traditions as it looks toward Israel’s future, in an attempt to give hope to the present people. Apocalyptic eschatology does quite the opposite, looking to the end times as a means of bringing about a new, different world that is beyond this one; apocalyptic eschatology has lost all hope in Israel’s present times. ^[6]

Islamic eschatology

The islamic eschatology has been very distinctly and vividly documented in the sayings of Prophet Muhammad regarding "the signs of the Hour". Prophesies of the Prophet have been traditionally divided into major and minor signs. He spoke about several minor signs of the approach of the Hour; that is, the ending days of the life on earth. Describing the minor signs he said, "People would follow a way of life other than mine and give guidance other than mine”, “I fear for my people only the leaders who lead men astray”, “Before the Last Hour there will be great liars, so beware of them”, “When the most wicked member of a tribe becomes its ruler, and the most worthless member of a community becomes its leader, and a man is respected through fear of the evil he may do, and leadership is given to people who are unworthy of it, expect the Last Hour”, – all of these warnings have already been dramatically and ominously fulfilled in the world.

Women dressing like men and men like women, wide-spread fornication, disappearance of religious knowledge, true scholars belittled, marginalized, and even demonized, random killing, prevalence of riba, and naked barefoot bedouins competing in the construction of high-rise buildings, are all minor signs that have unfolded themselves within such quick spell as impossible to be ignored by the commonest of men.

Regarding the major signs, we have a Companions narrating: Once we were sitting together and talking amongst ourselves when the Prophet appeared. He asked us what it was we were discussing. We said it was the Hour. He said: It will not be called until ten signs have appeared: "Smoke, Dajjal, the Animal (that will speak to the people), rising of the sun from the West, descending down of Isa (asws), appearance of Yajuj and Majuj, and three sinkings (or caving in of the earth): one in the East, another in the West and a third in the Arabian Peninsula. The last (sign) will be that of the Fire that will start from Yemen and drive the people towards the place of Reckoning. " The minor signs have been fulfilled with such absence of ambiguity surrounding them that they cannot be disputed against. In fact, their fulfillment can be proved scientifically in terms of data that can be collected, analyzed, results worked out, etc. And, therefore, their fulfillment does not call for any interpretation. ^[7]

External links

Karl Marx: Communist as Religious EschatologistPDF (3. Amillennialism ( Latin: a- "not" + mille "thousand" + annum "year" is a view in Christian eschatology The concept known generally as the Five Suns describes the mythical world-view held by the Aztec and other Nahua peoples in which the present world was preceded by For other uses see Antichrist (disambiguation In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist or anti-Christ means a person office In Christian mythology Armageddon ( Greek Αρμαγεδδων; also spelled Har-Magedon in some modern English translations also known as Bible prophecy, or " biblical prophecy " is the belief in prophecies in the Bible. Christian apologetics is a field of Christian theology that aims to present a rational basis for the Christian faith, defend the faith against objections Dispensationalism is a Christian theological view of history and Biblical interpretation that became popular during the 1800s and early 1900s and is Dispensationalist theology refers to the teachings of Dispensationalism to address what many other scholars see as opposing theologies between the Old Testament Professor John Harwood Hick (born Yorkshire, England, 1922 is a philosopher of religion and theologian. The End Is Nigh is an annual British Fanzine edited by Michael Molcher. End time, End times, or End of days are the eschatological writings in the three Abrahamic religions and in doomsday scenarios in various other Eschatology is a system of beliefs created by American writer and practitioner William W Futures Studies, Foresight, or Futurology is the science art and practice of postulating possible probable and preferable futures and the worldviews ("Twilight of the Gods" – see Notes) is the last of the four Operas that comprise Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung To immanentize the eschaton means trying to make the eschaton Eschaton, which is a dab page see WikipediaDisambiguation pages with links --> (the Islamic eschatology is concerned with the al-Qiyāmah "Last Judgement" In Christian eschatology, the Last Judgment or Day of the Lord is the judgment by God of every human who ever lived This is an article on sociological Millennialism You may be looking for the article on Christian Premillennialism. Messianism is any field of Philosophy which concerns itself with the interpretations of stories about a world Hero or the establishment of an Utopia. This article is about the concept of a Messiah in religion notably in the Christian Islamic and Jewish traditions In The Bible, the New Jerusalem (also called the tabernacle of God, holy city, city of God, celestial city, and heavenly Jerusalem The Pocket Guide to the Apocalypse The Official Field Manual for the End of the World, written by Jason Boyett and published by Relevant Books, is a humorous In Christian eschatology, postmillennialism is an interpretation of chapter 20 of the Book of Revelation which sees Christ 's Second coming Premillennialism in Christian eschatology is the belief that Christ will literally reign on the earth for 1000 years at his Second coming. Preterism is a variant of Christian eschatology which holds that some or all of the biblical prophecies concerning the Last Days or End Times The Prophecy of Seventy Septets (or literally 'seventy times seven' appears in the angel Gabriel 's reply to Daniel beginning with verse 22 and ending with verse 27 in the ninth In Norse mythology, Ragnarök (rɑgnɑrɔk Old Norse "Final destiny of the gods" refers to a series of major events including a great battle foretold Realized eschatology is a Christian eschatological theory popularized by C In Christianity, the Second Coming is the anticipated return of Jesus Christ from Heaven to earth an event that will fulfill aspects of Messianic The Six Ages of the World is a Christian historical Periodization outline first written about by Saint Augustine circa 400 AD The technological singularity is a theoretical future point of unprecedented technological progress caused in part by the ability of machines to improve themselves using Artificial The ultimate fate of the universe is a topic in Physical cosmology. Michael E Arth, born on April 27 1953 is an American artist home/landscape/urban designer futurist, and author 68 MiB)
Christian Cyclopedia article on Last Things
American Lutheran Views on Eschatology and How They Related to the American Protestants by John M. BrennerPDF (137 KiB)
Eschatological Prophecies and Current Misinterpretations by Wilbert R. GawrischPDF (465 KiB)
The Lord’s Word Concerning The Last Things by Wilbert R. GawrischPDF (192 KiB)
Endtime Theology and the “Rapture” by Pastor Carl W. LeyrerPDF (37. A mebibyte (a contraction of me ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated MiB. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International 3 KiB)
[1] Postmillennialism
[2] Rapture Ready website
[3] The Berean Call, a web-ministry of Dave Hunt
[4] Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry
[5] End Times Encyclopedia

A Limited Selection of Books

General (Alphabetical by author)

"The Invisible War" by Donald Grey Barnhouse ©1965; Zondervan Publishing House (Ministry Resources Library). A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International Donald Grey Barnhouse ( March 28, 1895 &ndash November 5, 1960) was an American Christian preacher pastor Theologian

"Number in Scripture" by Ethelbert W. Bullinger, D. Ethelbert William Bullinger ( December 15, 1837 - June 6, 1913) was an Anglican clergyman Biblical scholar and dispensationalist D. ; ©1967; Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49501 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 67-26498; ISBN 0-8254-2204-3

"The Man The False Prophet and The Harlot", subtitled "The Name of the Antichrist Finally Revealed" by Dr. Anthony M. Giliberti ©1991; Published by "This Is The Generation" Library of Congress Catalog Number 90-93451 ISBN 0-9628419-0-0.

"Have A Nice Doomsday - Why Millions Of Americans Are Looking Forward To The End Of The World" by Nicholas Guyatt. ISBN 9780091910877

'Code'-Type Books

“The Bible Code” by Michael Drosnin; ©1997; Published by Simon & Schuster, 1230 Ave. Michael Drosnin (born January 31, 1946) is an American journalist and author best known for his writings on the Bible code. of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. ISBN 0-684-81079-4.

“Bible Code II: The Countdown” by Michael Drosnin; ©2002 One Honest Man, Inc. Michael Drosnin (born January 31, 1946) is an American journalist and author best known for his writings on the Bible code. Published by Penguin Books Ltd. , Registered Offices, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0R1, England.

The Book of Daniel compared to the Book of Revelation

Dispensationalism School of Thought (listed alphabetically by author)

"A Cup of Trembling" by Dave Hunt ©1995; Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon 97402; ISBN 1-56507-334-7. Dispensationalism is a Christian theological view of history and Biblical interpretation that became popular during the 1800s and early 1900s and is Dave Hunt (1926 &ndash) is a Christian Apologist, speaker radio commentator and author

"Global Peace and the Rise of Antichrist" by Dave Hunt ©1990; Harvest House Publishers Library of Congress Cataloging in Publishing Data; ISBN 0-89081-831-2. Dave Hunt (1926 &ndash) is a Christian Apologist, speaker radio commentator and author

"How Close Are We?" by Dave Hunt ©1993 Harvest House Publishers. Dave Hunt (1926 &ndash) is a Christian Apologist, speaker radio commentator and author (NOTE: The author has a new, updated book titled "When will Jesus Come?".

"Peace, Prosperity, and the Coming Holocaust" by Dave Hunt ©1983; Harvest House Publishers. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as Dave Hunt (1926 &ndash) is a Christian Apologist, speaker radio commentator and author

"Whatever Happened to Heaven?" by Dave Hunt ©1988; Harvest House Publishers. Heaven may refer to the physical heavens the sky or the seemingly endless expanse of the Universe beyond Dave Hunt (1926 &ndash) is a Christian Apologist, speaker radio commentator and author ISBN 0-89081-698-0 (pbk. )

"Not Wrath but Rapture!" by H.A. Ironside; NO DATE; published by Loizeaux Brothers, Inc. Henry Allen "Harry" Ironside (October 14 1876-January 15 1951 was a Bible teacher preacher pastor and author in the late 19th- and early 20th centuries

"Armageddon, Oil and the Middle East Crisis" Revised, by John F. Walvoord ©1974, 1976, 1990; Zondervan Publishing House, 1415 Lake Drive, S. In Christian mythology Armageddon ( Greek Αρμαγεδδων; also spelled Har-Magedon in some modern English translations also known as John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas E. , Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506; ISBN 0-310-53921-8

"Satan is Alive and Well on Planet Earth" by Hal Lindsey with C. Satan, ( Standard Hebrew Satan'el, English accuser) is a term that originates from the Abrahamic faiths, being traditionally Harold Lee "Hal" Lindsey (born November 23 1929) is an American evangelist and Christian writer C. Carlson ©1972; Zondervan House.

"The Late, Great Planet Earth" by Hal Lindsey with C. The Late Great Planet Earth is the title of a best-selling 1970 book co-authored by Hal Lindsey and Carole C Harold Lee "Hal" Lindsey (born November 23 1929) is an American evangelist and Christian writer C. Carlson ©1970; Zondervan House.

"The Rapture" by Hal Lindsey ©1983; The Aorist Corporation Bantam Books. The Rapture is a prophesied event in Christian eschatology, in which Christians will be gathered together at the return of Christ; even Christians who have died Harold Lee "Hal" Lindsey (born November 23 1929) is an American evangelist and Christian writer

"Dispensationalism Today" by Charles C. Ryrie ©1965; The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. Dispensationalism is a Christian theological view of history and Biblical interpretation that became popular during the 1800s and early 1900s and is Charles Caldwell Ryrie (born 1925 is a Christian Writer and Theologian.

"Israel In Prophecy" by John F. Walvoord ©1962; Zondervan Publishing House. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas

"The Millennial Kingdom" by John F. Walvoord ©1959; by Dunham Publishing Co. John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas Academie Books published by Zondervan Publishing House, 1415 Lake Drive. S. E. , Grand Rapids Michigan 49506. (NOTE: See Millennium on Wikipedia). A millennium (pl millennia) is a period of Time equal to one thousand Years (from Latin la mille, thousand and la annum

"The Nations in Prophecy" by John F. Walvoord ©1967; Zondervan Publishing House. John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas (NOTE: this book may have been combined with other similar titles by Walvoord into one new volume).

"The Return of the Lord" by John F. Walvoord ©1955; Zondervan Publishing House Library of Congress Cat. John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas #77-106423.

"The Rapture Question" by John F. Walvoord (Revised & Enlarged) ©1974; The Zondervan Corporation. The Rapture is a prophesied event in Christian eschatology, in which Christians will be gathered together at the return of Christ; even Christians who have died John F Walvoord ( May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor and president of Dallas

Post-Tribulation School of Thought

"The Church and the Tribulation" (subtitled: "A Biblical Examination of Post-tribulationism") by Robert H. Gundry ©1973; Zondervan Corporation. Robert Horton Gundry is a Biblical scholar He received his Ph

"City of Revelation" subtitled "A Book of Forgotten Wisdom" by John Michell ©1972; Ballantine Books (first printing: 11/73 Library of Congress Cat. No. 72-88116 SBN 345-23607-6-150. (NOTE: this book contains information on Gematria, a mathematical science). Gematria or gimatria ( Rabbinic Hebrew he גימטריה) is a system of assigning numerical value to an Alphabet.

Amillenial School of Thought

"1994?" by Harold Camping; ©1992; Published by Vantage Press, Inc. Harold Egbert Camping is an American radio and television broadcast host teaching an interpretation of Biblical and Christian doctrines , 516 West 34th Street, NY, NY 10001. ISBN 0-533-10368-1; Library of Congress Cat. Number is Unknown.

Christ Will Come Again: Hope for the Second Coming of Jesus by Stephen Travis. 2004 Toronto: Clements Publishing. ISBN 1-894667-33-6

In God's Time: The Bible and the Future by Craig C. Hill. 2002 Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. ISBN 0-802860-90-7

"Shock Wave 2000!" subtitled "The Harold Camping 1994 Debacle"; by Robert Sungenis, Scott Temple, and David Allen Lewis; ©1994 New Leaf Press, Inc. Harold Egbert Camping is an American radio and television broadcast host teaching an interpretation of Biblical and Christian doctrines , P. O. Box 311, Green Forest AR 72638; ISBN 0-89221-269-1; Library of Congress: 94-67493.

References

^ Achtemeier, P. J. , Harper & Row, P. , & Society of Biblical Literature, Harper's Bible Dictionary, San Francisco: HarperCollins Publishers, 1985, ISBN, s. Harper's Bible Dictionary is a scholarly reference book of the Bible, containing the texts of the Old Testament the Apocrypha and the New Testament v. "eschatology"
^ J. Dwight Pentecost. Things to Come. Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506.
^ Dr. Abu Shadi Al-Roubi, Ibnul-Nafees As a Philosopher, Encyclopedia of Islamic World.
^ "The Law of Accelerating Returns"
^ Information about UNICE
^ Nicholas Jr. , William. I Saw the World End. New York: Paulist Press, 2007.
^ [Signs of the Hour - 1,Syed Iqbal Zaheer-Young Muslim Digest;Volume 29, Issue 11,Zhul Hajj 1428 / December 2007]

Dictionary

-noun

System of doctrines concerning final matters, such as death.
The study of the end times — the end of the world, notably in Judeo-Christian theology the Second Coming, the Apocalypse or the Last Judgment.

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