| Medal record | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's Athletics | |||
Competitor for  United Kingdom |
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| Olympic Games | |||
| Gold | 1924 Paris | 400 metres | |
Eric Henry Liddell (January 16, 1902 – February 21, 1945, Chinese name 李愛銳, Li Airui) was a Scottish athlete and Rugby Union international and also the winner of the Men's 400 metres at the Olympic Games of 1924 held in Paris. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city He then served as a Protestant Christian missionary to China. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth A missionary is a member of a Religion who works to convert those who do not share the missionary's faith someone who proselytizes. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National He was portrayed in the film Chariots of Fire. For the instrumental theme see Chariots of Fire (instrumental. His surname is pronounced /ˈlɪdəl/ and rhymes with fiddle.
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Biography
Eric Liddell, fondly called the "Flying Scotsman", was born in Tianjin (formerly known as Tientsin) (Chinese 天津) in North China, second son of the Rev & Mrs James Dunlop Liddell who were Scottish missionaries with the London Missionary Society. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The London Missionary Society was a non-denominational Missionary society formed in England in 1795 by evangelical Anglicans and Liddell was born in 1902 and went to school in China until the age of five. At the age of six, he and his brother Rob, eight years old, were enrolled in Eltham College, Mottingham, South London, England, a boarding school for the sons of missionaries. This article is about the school in London England For the school in Research Australia see Eltham College of Education. Mottingham is a place in London, England; located at the convergence of the London Borough of Bromley, the London Borough of Lewisham and the South London is the southern part of London, England. The area it covers is defined differently for a range of purposes England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Their parents and sister Jenny returned to China. During the boys' time at Eltham their parents, sister and new brother Ernest came home on furlough two or three times and were able to be together as a family - mainly living in Edinburgh. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow.
At Eltham, Liddell was an outstanding sportsman, being awarded the Blackheath Cup as the best athlete of his year, playing for the First XI and the First XV by the age of 15, later becoming captain of both the cricket and rugby union teams. Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short His headmaster described him as being 'entirely without vanity'.
Eric and Rob were both exceptional athletes. Eric Liddell became well-known for being the fastest runner in Scotland while at Eltham. Newspapers carried the stories of his successful track meets. Many articles stated that he was a potential Olympic winner, and no one from their country had ever won a gold medal before. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games
Liddell was chosen to speak for Glasgow Students' Evangelical Union (GSEU) because he was a strong Christian. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The GSEU hoped that he would draw large crowds, so that many people would hear the Gospel. This article is about the canonical books of the New Testament The GSEU would send out a group of eight to ten men to an area where they would stay with the local population. It was Liddell's job to be the lead speaker and to evangelize the men of Scotland. Many came to see him because he was an accomplished athlete, but all heard his message of faith.
University of Edinburgh
In 1920, Eric joined his brother Rob at the University of Edinburgh to read Pure Science. The University of Edinburgh (Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann founded in 1582 is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. Fundamental science is the part of Science that describes the most basic Objects Forces relations between them and laws governing them such that all other Athletics and rugby played a large part in Eric's university life. He ran in the 100 yards race and the 220 yards race for Edinburgh University and later played for the Scottish national rugby union team. He played rugby for Edinburgh University and in 1922 made his way into the very strong Scottish backline. In 1922 and 1923, he played in seven out of eight Five Nations matches with A. L. Gracie. In 1924 he won the AAA Championships in athletics in the 100 yards race (in a British record of 9. 7 seconds: this record would not be broken for the next 35 years) and 220 yards (21. 6 seconds). He graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree after the Paris Olympiad in 1924. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in
Once every four years Edinburgh University will hold a parade in honour of Eric Liddell's devotion to his cause.
Paris Olympics
During the summer of 1924, the Olympics were hosted by the city of Paris. The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Liddell was a committed Christian and refused to run on Sunday (the Sabbath), with the consequence that he was forced to withdraw from the 100 metres race, his best event. A Sabbath or sabbath is generally a weekly day of rest and/or time of Worship that is observed in any of several faiths The schedule had been published several months earlier, and his decision was made well before the Games began. Liddell spent the intervening months training for the 400 metres, an event in which he had previously excelled. Even so, his success in the 400m was largely unexpected. The day of 400 metres race came, and as Liddell went to the starting blocks, an American masseur slipped a piece of paper in his hand with a quotation from 1 Samuel 2:30, "Those who honor me I will honor. " Liddell ran with that piece of paper in his hand. He not only won the race but broke the existing world record with a time of 47. 6 seconds. A few days earlier Liddell had competed in the 200 metre finals, for which he received the bronze medal behind Americans Jackson Scholz and Charles Paddock, beating Harold Abrahams, who finished in sixth place. Jackson Volney Scholz ( March 15, 1897 &ndash October 26, 1986) was an American track and field athlete who specialized Charles ("Charlie" William Paddock ( August 11, 1900 &ndash July 21, 1943) was an American athlete and twofold Harold Maurice Abrahams, CBE ( December 15, 1899 &ndash January 14, 1978) was a British athlete. (This was the second and last race in which these two runners met. )
Service in China
After the Olympics and his graduation, Liddell continued to compete. Early life Son of James Morrison a Scottish farm laborer and Hannah Nicholson an English woman who were both active members of the Scottish Presbyterian Church. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The following is a Timeline of the History of China. Between the changing of the dynasties, most dates overlap as ruling periods do not transfer immediately This timeline of Christian missions chronicles the global expansion of Christianity through a sampling of missionary outreach events Christianity in China is a growing minority religion that comprises Protestants (called 基督教 Jī dū jiào or Christ Religion) Catholics See also Christianity in China First Centuries Some Christian tradition suggests that St See also Christianity in China The second major thrust of Christianity into China occurred during the Thirteenth century. The history of the missions of the Jesuits in China in the early modern era stands as one of the notable events in the early history of relations between China and See also Protestantism in China China and the West were virtually unaware of each other’s civilizations until the nineteenth century Life Born at Pyritz, Pomerania, he was apprenticed to a Saddler in Stettin, but was able to secure admission to Padagogium in Youth and early work Taylor was born in Barnsley, Yorkshire, England, the son of a chemist ( Pharmacist) and Methodist The Lammermuir Party of 1866 May 26, 1866 &ndash September 30, 1866) !-->was a British Protestant Christian Virginia plantation roots Moon was born to affluent parents who were staunch Baptists Anna Maria Barclay and Edward Harris Moon The Cambridge Seven were seven students from Cambridge University, who in 1885 decided to become missionaries in China; the seven were Charles Beginning in 1807 with the arrival of Robert Morrison of the London Missionary Society and ending in 1953 with the departure of Arthur and Wilda Mathews of the OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before that the China Inland Mission before 1964 is an interdenominational The London Missionary Society was a non-denominational Missionary society formed in England in 1795 by evangelical Anglicans and The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM was the first American Christian foreign mission agency The Church Mission Society, known as the Church Missionary Society in Australia and New Zealand is a group of evangelistic societies working with the Anglican Church American Presbyterian Mission was an American Presbyterian missionary society operated by the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, Main article List of Protestant missionary societies Protestant missionary societies in China 1807-1953 See also Bible translations (Taiwanese The creation of Chinese Bible Translations began in the nineteenth century but availability only became widespread in the early Medical missions in China by Protestant Christian Physicians and Surgeons of the 19th and early 20th centuries laid many foundations for modern The Manchurian revival of 1908 was a period of spiritual renewal in the life of the Protestant Christians at churches and mission stations in Manchuria The following colleges and universities were originally founded by Christian organizations Colleges and universities Anglo-Chinese College Xiamen A List of Chinese Christian Hymn Books published between 1807-1912 The Romanization of Chinese is the use of the Latin alphabet to write Chinese Standard Cantonese is the standard variant of the Cantonese (Yuet language Opium is a Narcotic formed from the Latex (ie sap released by lacerating (or "scoring" the immature seed pods of opium poppies ( The Taiping Rebellion or Rebellion of Great Peace was a large-scale Revolt against the authority and forces of the Qing Government in China The Opium Wars ( also known as the Anglo-Chinese Wars, lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 the climax of a trade dispute between China under the Qing Unequal Treaties is a term used in reference to the type of Treaties signed by several East Asian states including Qing Dynasty China, late The Yangzhou riot of August 22 - 23, 1868 was a brief crisis in Anglo-Chinese relations during the late Qing Dynasty. The Tianjin Massacre ( Chinese: 天津教案 Pinyin: Tiānjīn Jiào'àn occurred in Tianjin in 1870 The Boxer Rebellion, or Boxer Movement, was an uprising by members of the Chinese Society of Right and Harmonious Fists against foreign influence The Xinhai Revolution or Shinhai Revolution ( also known as the 1911 Revolution or the Chinese Revolution, began with the Wuchang Uprising The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Liang Fa (梁發 Pinyin: Liang2 Fa1 (梁發 1789 - 1855 was the first Chinese Protestant minister and evangelist. Keuh Agong or Kew Ah Gung, Kew A-Gang, Wat Ngong, Wat Angong or simply Agong (1785 &ndash 1867 was a Chinese Protestant Sun Yat-sen ( November 12, 1866 &ndash March 12, 1925) was a Chinese Revolutionary and political leader often Feng Yuxiang ( (1882&ndash1948 was a Warlord during Republican China. John Sung Shang Chieh ( aka John Sung ( 29 September 1901 – 18 August 1944) was a renowned Chinese Christian Wang Mingdao ( (1900-1991 was a Chinese Christian Protestant leader Allen Yuan Xiangchen (1914 &ndash August 16, 2005) was a Chinese Protestant Christian pastor Samuel Lamb or Lin Xiangao ( b October 4, 1924) is a Christian Pastor in Guangzhou, China. Shortly after the 1924 Olympics, his final leg on the 4 x 400 metres race in a British Empire vs. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. USA contest helped secure the victory. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A year later, in 1925, at the Scottish Amateur Athletics Association (AAA) meeting in Hampden Park in Glasgow, he equalled his own Scottish championship record of 10. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom 0 seconds in the 100 yards, won the 220 yard contest in 22. 2 seconds, won the 440 yard contest in 47. 7, and participated in a winning relay team. He was only the fourth athlete ever to have won all three sprints at the SAAA, achieving this feat twice: in 1924 and 1925.
He returned to Northern China where he served as a missionary, like his parents, from 1925 to 1943 - first in Tianjin and later in Shaochang (Chinese 韶昌). During this time he continued to compete sporadically, including wins over members of the 1928 French and Japanese Olympic teams in the 200 and 400 metres at the South Manchurian Railway celebrations in China in 1928 and a victory at the 1930 North China championship. The was a company founded in the Empire of Japan in 1906 after the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905 and operated within China in the Japanese-controlled South Manchuria
Liddell's first job as a missionary was as a teacher at an Anglo-Chinese College (grades 1-12) for wealthy Chinese students. The following colleges and universities were originally founded by Christian organizations Colleges and universities Anglo-Chinese College Xiamen It was believed that by teaching the children of the wealthy that they themselves would later become influential figures in China and promote Christian values. He used his athletic experience to train the boys in a number of different sports. One of his many responsibilities was that of superintendent of the Sunday school at Union Church where his father was pastor. Liddell lived at 38 Chongqing Dao (formerly known as Cambridge Road) in Tianjin and a plaque still stands today to commemorate his former residence. He also helped build the Mingyuan Stadium in Tianjin. He suggested that it be copied exactly from Chelsea's football ground as he had run there previously, and this was said to be his favourite running venue.
Tianjin was controlled at that time by many foreign powers as they wanted to take advantage of the cheap raw materials in China. There were many concession areas taken by Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, America, Russia, Japan and Austro-Hungary. Most of the foreign architecture is still standing today and is worth a visit. The British concession area had Scottish street names including Edinburgh Road, Glasgow Road and even Dumbarton Road. There were an estimated 3,000 Jewish people (escaping from Nazi persecution) in Tianjin which had a synagogue (which is still standing although unused), a Jewish school where they taught Hebrew and a Jewish social club called The Gunst. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of
During his first furlough in 1932, he was ordained as a minister of religion. On his return to China he married Florence Mackenzie of Canadian missionary parentage in Tianjin in 1934. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Liddell courted his future wife by taking her for lunch to the famous Kessling restaurant which is still open in Tianjin. They had three daughters, Patricia, Heather and Maureen, the last of whom he would not live to see. The school Eric taught at is still used as a school today. One of Liddell's daughters visited Tianjin in 1991 and presented the headmaster of the school with one of the medals that Eric had won for athletics.
In 1941 life in China was becoming so dangerous that the British Government advised British nationals to leave. Florence and the children left for Canada to stay with her family when Liddell accepted a new position at a rural mission station in Shaochang, which gave service to the poor. He joined his brother, Rob, who was a doctor there. The station was severely short of help and the missionaries who served there were exhausted. There was a constant stream of local people who came at all hours to get medical treatment. Liddell arrived at the station in time to relieve his brother who was ill, needing to go on furlough. Liddell suffered many hardships himself at this mission station. Eric's daughter remembers that her father was still so fast at running that he caught a wild hare for dinner during war rationing.
Meanwhile, the Chinese and the Japanese were at war. When the fighting reached Shaochang the Japanese took over the mission station. In 1943, he was interned at the Weihsien (now known as Weifang) Internment Camp with the members of the China Inland Mission Chefoo (now known as Yantai) School. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Weifang administers 12 county-level divisions, including 4 districts, 6 county-level cities Liddell became a leader at the camp and helped get it organized. Food, medicines, and other supplies ran short at the camp. There were many cliques in the camp and when some rich businessmen managed to smuggle in some eggs to the camp, Liddell shamed them into sharing them with the rest of the camp. Fellow missionaries were forming cliques, moralising, and acting selfishly. Eric kept himself busy by helping the elderly, teaching Bible classes, arranging games and also by teaching the children science. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin He was known to the children as Uncle Eric.
It was also claimed that one Sunday Liddell refereed a hockey match to stop fighting amongst the players (despite his earlier stand at the Olympics) as he was trusted not to take sides by the two teams. Hockey is any of a family of Sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a Ball, or a hard round rubber or heavy plastic disc called a puck Liddell was also involved in preparing the food for the Japanese guards, again because he was trusted not to poison their food. One of Liddell's fellow internees later wrote a book about his experiences in the camp called "The Courtyard of the Happy Way" which gave details of all the remarkable characters in the camp. The writer stated that Liddell was "the finest Christian gentleman it has been my pleasure to meet. In all the time in the camp, I never heard him say a bad word about anybody. " The camp was originally a missionary school named The Courtyard of the Happy Way. The Japanese removed many of the facilities from the camp to make it a proper prisoner of war camp. Later, Winston Churchill approved a prisoner exchange and Liddell ,as a famous athlete, was one of the prisoners chosen to go; however Liddell, unsurprisingly, gave his place to a pregnant woman. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC, PC (Can ( 30 November 1874
In his last letter to his wife, written on the day he died, he talks about suffering a nervous breakdown in the camp due to overwork, but in actuality he was suffering from an inoperable brain tumour, to which being overworked and malnourished probably hastened his demise. Mental breakdown (also known as nervous breakdown or snapping) is a non-medical term used to describe a sudden acute attack of Mental illness such as A brain tumor is any intracranial Tumor created by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division, normally either in the Brain itself ( Neurons He died on February 21, 1945, sadly five months before liberation. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland He was later interred in the Mausoleum of Martyrs in Shijiazhuang, China which is a great honour for a non-Chinese person. Shijiazhuang ( literally "The Stones' Village" is a Prefecture-level city and the Capital of Hebei province, China He was greatly mourned not only at the Weihsien internment Camp but also in Scotland as well. A fellow internee, Langdon Gilkey, was later to write, "The entire camp, especially its youth, was stunned for days, so great was the vacuum that Eric's death had left. " Liddell's last words were supposed to have been "It's complete surrender. "
Fifty-six years after the 1924 Paris Olympics, Scotsman Allan Wells won the 100 metre dash at the 1980 Moscow Olympics. Allan Wipper Wells MBE (born 3 May 1952 is a former Scottish athlete who became Olympic Champion in the 100 metres at the When asked after the victory if he had run the race for Harold Abrahams, the last 100 metre Olympic winner from Britain (in 1924), Wells quietly replied, "No, this one was for Eric Liddell. Harold Maurice Abrahams, CBE ( December 15, 1899 &ndash January 14, 1978) was a British athlete. "
Eric Liddell was voted in The Scotsman newspaper in a recent poll as the most popular athlete Scotland has ever produced. The Scotsman is a Scottish national Newspaper, published in Edinburgh. Upon Liddell's death, all of Scotland mourned his passing.
Memorial
In 1991, a memorial headstone, made from Isle of Mull granite was unveiled at Liddell's previously unmarked grave in Weifang, erected by Edinburgh University. The Isle of Mull (or simply Mull; Muile in Scottish Gaelic) is the second largest Island of the Inner Hebrides, off the Granite (ˈɡrænɪt is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, Felsic, igneous rock. A few simple words taken from the Book of Isaiah, formed the inscription: "They shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run and not be weary. The Book of Isaiah ( Hebrew: Sefer Y'sha'yah ספר ישעיה is a book of the Bible traditionally attributed to the Prophet Isaiah, who lived " The city of Weifang, as part of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the internment camp, commemorated the life of Liddell by laying a wreath at the memorial headstone marking his grave in 2005.
Chariots of Fire
The 1981 film Chariots of Fire commemorated the Olympic triumphs and contrasted the lives and viewpoints of both Liddell and Harold Abrahams, with Ian Charleson portraying Liddell. For the instrumental theme see Chariots of Fire (instrumental. Harold Maurice Abrahams, CBE ( December 15, 1899 &ndash January 14, 1978) was a British athlete. Ian Charleson ( August 11 1949 &ndash January 6 1990) was a Scottish Actor in whose honour The Ian Charleson Awards were One inaccuracy in the movie surrounds Liddell's refusal to race in the 100 metres. The film portrays Liddell as finding out that one of the heats was to be held on a Sunday as he was boarding the boat that would take the British Olympic team across the English Channel on their way to Paris. Actually, the schedule and Liddell's decision were known several months in advance, though his refusal to participate remains significant. (Liddell had also been selected to run as a member of the 4 x 100 relay and 4 x 400 relay teams at the Olympics but also declined these spots as their heats, too, were to be run on a Sunday. )
The scene in the movie where Liddell fell early in a 440 yard race in a Scotland-France dual meet and made up a 20-metre deficit to win the race is, however, historically accurate except for the fact that the actual race was during a Triangular Contest meet between Scotland, England and Ireland at Stoke-on-Trent in England in July 1923. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Liddell was knocked to the ground several strides into the race. He hesitated, got up and went after his opponents, now twenty metres ahead. He caught the leaders shortly before the finishing line and collapsed in exhaustion after crossing the tape.
Liddell's unorthodox running style as portrayed in the movie, with his head back and his mouth wide open, is also said to be historically accurate. At an athletics championship in Glasgow, a visitor watching the 440 yard final in which Liddell was a long way from the leaders at the start of the last lap (of a 220 yard track) remarked to a Glasgow native that Liddell would be hard put to win the race. The Glaswegian native merely replied, "His head's no' back yet. " Liddell then threw his head back and with mouth wide open caught and passed his opponents to win the race.
References
Books
- Magnusson, Sally. The Flying Scotsman Quartet Books, 1981. ISBN 0704333791
- Swift, Catherine. Eric Liddell Bethany House Publishers, 1990. ISBN 1-55661-150-1
- Caughey, Ellen. Eric Liddell: Olympian and Missionary Barbour Books, 2000. ISBN 1-57748-667-6
- Langdon Gilkey. Langdon Brown Gilkey ( February 9[[ 919]] &ndash November 19, 2004) was an American Protestant Ecumenical Theologian Shantung Compound Harper & Row, 1966, pp. 192-193. ISBN 0-06-063113-9
- McCasland, David. Eric Liddell: Pure Gold: A New Biography Of The Olympic Champion Who Inspired Chariots Of Fire. Discovery House Publishers, 2003. ISBN 1572931302
- Eric Liddell, The disciplines of the Christian life, Abingdon Press, 1985.
- Eric Liddell, The Sermon on the Mount : notes for Sunday School teachers.
- Janet & Geoff Benge. Eric Liddell: Something Greater Than Gold. Youth With A Mission Publishing, 1999. ISBN 1576581373
External links
- Eric Liddell The Eric Liddell Centre, Edinburgh
- Biography on the Eltham College website
- Statistics from scrum.com
- Commonwealth War Graves database entry
- Weihsien Paintings – A website devoted to the Japanese camp survivors and their memory
- Photo
- The life and death of Eric Liddell @ Ward's Book of Days
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