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For disambiguation, see Caruso.
Enrico Caruso.
Enrico Caruso.

Enrico Caruso (born Errico Caruso; February 25, 1873 – August 2, 1921) was an Italian opera singer and one of the greatest tenors in history. Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The' Italian people' are a Southern European Ethnic group located primarily in Italy, Switzerland, France and by virtue of a wide-ranging Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto The tenor is the highest male voice within the Modal register, just above the Baritone voice Caruso was also the most popular singer in any genre in the first two decades of the 20th Century and one of the most important pioneers of recorded music. Caruso's popular recordings and his extraordinary voice, known for its mature power, beauty and unequalled richness of tone, made him perhaps the best-known operatic star of his era. Such was his influence on singing style, virtually all subsequent Italianate tenors (and many non-Italian tenors) have been his heirs to a greater or lesser extent. He remains famous, though he predated the publicity that would aid later stars of opera. [1] - although it should be noted that Caruso was a client of Edward Bernays (the father of public relations) in the latter's tenure as a press agent in the USA. Edward Louis Bernays ( November 22, 1891 – March 9, 1995) is considered one of the fathers of the field of Public relations along

Contents

Life

During his career, Enrico Caruso made over 260 recordings and made millions of dollars from the sale of his 78 rpm records. A gramophone While Caruso sang at many of the world's great opera houses including La Scala in Milan and Covent Garden in London, he is best known as the leading tenor at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City for 17 years. The Teatro alla Scala (or La Scala, as it is known in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous Opera houses The theatre was Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. WikipediaWikiProject Opera --> The Royal Opera House is an Opera house and major performing London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Metropolitan Opera Association of New York City, founded in April 1880 is a major presenter of all types of opera including Grand Opera. The City of New York Maestro Arturo Toscanini, who conducted some of the operas that Caruso sang in at the Met, considered him one of the greatest artists with whom he ever worked. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January Caruso's technique and style combined in a unique way the finest aspects of elegant, technically-polished 19th Century tenor singing with the emotionally-charged delivery and exciting, thrusting timbre demanded by the Verismo composers of the early 20th Century. Verismo (meaning "realism" from Italian vero, meaning "truth" was an Italian literary movement born approximately between 1875 and 1895

Caruso was baptized in the Church of San Giovanni e Paolo on February 26, 1873, having been born in Naples, Italy, one day earlier. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest He began his career in Naples in 1894. The first major role that he created was Loris in Giordano's Fedora, at the Teatro Lirico in Milan, on November 17, 1898. Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano ( August 28, 1867 &ndash November 12, 1948) was an Italian composer mainly of Opera. Fedora is an Opera in three acts by Umberto Giordano to an Italian Libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the play Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common At that same theater, on November 6, 1902, he created the role of Maurizio in Cilea's Adriana Lecouvreur. Francesco Cilea (also Cilèa ( July 23, 1866 &ndash November 20, 1950) was an Italian Composer. Adriana Lecouvreur is an Opera in four acts by Francesco Cilea to an Italian Libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the play

The medal that Enrico Caruso gave to Pasquale Simonelli, his New York City impresario
Obverse:
Caruso facing left. Pasquale Isidoro Simonelli ( May 4, 1878 - September 14, 1960) Commander ( Commendatore) of the Order of the Crown of Italy
Lower right:
Salanto, medal maker’s signature.

Reverse:
Music Muse with lira on the left,
over PER RICORDO (memento).

In 1903, with the help of his agent, the banker Pasquale Simonelli, he went to New York City, and, on November 23 of that year, he made his debut with the Metropolitan Opera as the Duke of Mantua in a new production of Verdi's Rigoletto. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Pasquale Isidoro Simonelli ( May 4, 1878 - September 14, 1960) Commander ( Commendatore) of the Order of the Crown of Italy Rigoletto is an Opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi. The Italian Libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based The following year Caruso began his lifelong association with the Victor Talking-Machine Company; his star relationships with both the Metropolitan and Victor would last until 1920. Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 Caruso himself commissioned Tiffany & Co. to produce a 24 kt. Tiffany & Co ( is a US jewelry and silverware company founded by Charles Lewis Tiffany and Teddy Young in New York City gold medal with his profile, as a memento (PER RICORDO) for his friends of his Metropolitan performances.

In April 1906, Caruso and members of the Metropolitan Opera Company came to San Francisco to give a series of performances at the Tivoli Opera House. April holidays and events National Poetry Month - in United States National Sexual Assault Awareness Month - in United Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The night after Caruso's performance in Carmen, the tenor was awakened in the early morning in his Palace Hotel suite by a strong jolt. The current ("New" Palace Hotel (opened in 1909 is an historic Hotel located in San Francisco California, at the SW corner of Market Street San Francisco had been hit by a major earthquake, which led to a series of fires that eventually destroyed most of the city. The Metropolitan lost all of the sets and costumes it had brought. Clutching an autographed photo of President Theodore Roosevelt, Caruso made an effort to get out of the city, first by boat and then by train, and vowed never to return to San Francisco; he kept his word. Theodore Roosevelt (ˈroʊzəvɛlt October 27 1858 January 6 1919 also known as T [2]

On November 16, 1906, Caruso was charged with an indecent act committed in the monkey house of New York's Central Park Zoo. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Central Park Zoo is located in Central Park in New York City and run by the Wildlife Conservation Society. He pinched the bottom of a woman described as "pretty and plump", causing outrage amongst New York high society. Caruso claimed a monkey pinched the lady's bottom. Caruso was eventually found guilty before appeal, and fined 10 dollars.

On December 10, 1910, he starred at the Met as Dick Johnson in the world premiere of Puccini's La fanciulla del West. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858 La fanciulla del West ( The Girl of the Golden West) is an Opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Guelfo

In 1917, he was elected as an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the national fraternity for men in music, by the fraternity's Alpha chapter at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston. Phi Mu Alpha (ΦΜΑ Sinfonia is a collegiate social fraternity for men with an interest in music

In 1918 Caruso married Dorothy Park Benjamin, who was then aged 25, the daughter of an old-established New York family. They had one daughter, Gloria. Dorothy published two books about Caruso, one in 1928, the other in 1945, which includes many of his letters to her.

In September 1920, Caruso recorded several discs in Victor's Trinity Church studio, including sacred music by Rossini; these recordings were his very last. On December 11, 1920, during the performance of L'elisir d'amore by Donizetti, he suffered a hemorrhage; after act I of the opera, the audience was dismissed. L'elisir d'amore ( The Elixir of Love) is a Melodramma giocoso in two acts by the Italian composer Gaetano Donizetti. Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti (29 November 1797 &ndash 8 April 1848 was an Italian composer from Bergamo, Lombardy. Following this incident, he gave only three more performances at the Met, the last being Eléazar in Halévy's La Juive, on December 24, 1920. Jacques-François-Fromental-Élie Halévy ( May 27, 1799 - March 17, 1862) (usually known as Fromental Halévy was a French composer La Juive ( The Jewess ' is a Grand opera in five acts by Fromental Halévy to an original French Libretto by Eugène Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes

Caruso died in 1921 in Naples, at age 48. The cause of death was likely peritonitis, due to the bursting of an abscess. Peritonitis is defined as Inflammation of the Peritoneum (the Serous membrane which lines part of the abdominal cavity and some of the Viscera He is buried in an elaborate tomb at Naples. Caruso was portrayed by Mario Lanza in a highly fictionalized 1951 Hollywood film biography, The Great Caruso. WikipediaWikiProject_Opera#Infoboxes --> Mario Lanza ( January 31, 1921 &ndash October 7 1959 The Great Caruso is a 1951 In 1987, Caruso was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is awarded by the Recording Academy to "performers who during their lifetimes have made creative contributions of outstanding

Other

Repertoire

Caruso signing his autograph
Caruso signing his autograph
Caruso's sketch of himself as Don José in Carmen, 1904
Caruso's sketch of himself as Don José in Carmen, 1904

At the time of his death, the tenor was preparing the title role in Verdi's Otello. Otello is an Opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian Libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare 's play [4] Though he never performed the role, he recorded two magnificent selections from the opera: Otello's aria, "Ora e per sempre addio," and the duet with Iago, "Sì, pel ciel marmoreo, giuro", where he is partnered by the magnificent baritone Titta Ruffo. Titta Ruffo ( June 9, 1877 - July 5, 1953) was an Italian opera singer generally regarded as the greatest Italian baritone of his generation

Caruso also had a repertoire of some 521 songs, ranging from classical to traditional Italian folk songs and popular songs of the day. The most often purchased song by Caruso at itunes is the Neapolitan sailor's song Santa Lucia and the universally famous song 'O Sole Mio. iTunes is a proprietary digital media player application introduced by Apple Inc Santa Lucia is a traditional Neapolitan song. It was transcribed by Teodoro Cottrau (1827–1879 and published by the Cottrau firm as a " barcarolla "'

Recordings

Caruso was one of the first star vocalists to make numerous recordings. He and the disc phonograph did much to promote each other in the first two decades of the 20th century. The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded Sound from the 1870s through the 1980s His 1907 recording of Vesti la giubba from Leoncavallo's Pagliacci was the world's first gramophone record to sell a million copies. Vesti la Giubba (Put on the costume is a famous Tenor Aria performed as part of the opera Pagliacci, written and composed by Ruggero (Ruggiero Leoncavallo (23 April 1857- 9 August 1919 was an Italian Opera Composer. Pagliacci ( Players, or Clowns) is an Opera consisting of a prologue and two acts written and composed by Ruggero Leoncavallo. Many of Caruso's recordings have remained in print since their original issue a century ago.

His first recordings, made in 1902, were for the Gramophone and Typewriter Company. He began recording exclusively for the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1904. Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 While most of his early recordings were made in typically cramped studios in New York and Camden, New Jersey, Victor began to occasionally record Caruso in the old Trinity Church in Camden, which could accommodate a larger orchestra. His final recordings were made in September 1920 and the last two selections were excerpts from the Rossini Petite Messe Solennelle. Gioachino Rossini 's Petite Messe Solennelle was written in 1863 "the last" the composer called it "of my pêchés de vieillesse " Caruso's conductors in his recordings included Walter B. Rogers and Joseph Pasternack.

RCA, which purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1929, later took some of the old discs and over-dubbed them with a modern orchestra. Several previously unreleased Caruso discs continued to appear as late as 1973. In 1950, RCA reissued some of the fuller-sounding recordings on vinyl 78-rpm discs. Then, as LPs became popular, many of the recordings were electronically enhanced for release on LP. Some of these recordings, remastered by RCA Victor to the 45-rpm format, were re-released in the early 1950s as companions to the same selections by Mario Lanza in the "Red Seal" series. Remaster (and its derivations frequently found in the phrases digitally remastered or digital remastering) is a word marketed mostly in the digital audio age although WikipediaWikiProject_Opera#Infoboxes --> Mario Lanza ( January 31, 1921 &ndash October 7 1959 RCA Red Seal Records is a prestigious classical music label and is now part of Sony BMG Masterworks. Interestingly, however, the labels for the Caruso versions, although designated "Red Seal," were printed on a lighter (gold) background to distinguish them from the Lanza records. Many of both were also pressed on translucent red vinyl. A gramophone

Researchers at the University of Utah utilized the first digital reprocessing techniques to reissue most of Caruso's Victor recordings, beginning in 1976. Complete sets of all of Caruso's recordings have been issued on Compact Disc by RCA, Pearl and, most recently, by Naxos, each company using different mastering techniques. RCA has also recently issued three CD albums of Caruso material with newly recorded orchestral accompaniments.

For more information about Caruso's recordings, see Enrico Caruso recordings.

Bibliography

Media

Caruso at his piano
Caruso at his piano

Over There A recording of the popular American World War I song.

Footnotes

  1. ^ "I was able to do it with television and radio and media and all kinds of assists. The popularity that Caruso enjoyed without any of this technological assistance is astonishing. " Beverly Sills, Enrico Caruso: The Voice of the Century (A & E Biography, 1998). WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> Beverly Sills ( May 25, 1929 – July 2, 2007) was an
  2. ^ William Bronson, The Earth Shook, The Sky Burned
  3. ^ An account of the earthquake by Caruso's lifelong friend Antonio Scotti, including his observations of Caruso's behavior, is found in Pierre Key's biography of Caruso, Enrico Caruso: A Biography free online at Google Books, pp. 228-229.
  4. ^ Classical Net - Verdi - Famous Interpretors of Otello

See also

External links


Persondata
NAME Caruso, Enrico
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION opera singer
DATE OF BIRTH 1873-02-25
PLACE OF BIRTH Naples, Italy
DATE OF DEATH 1921-08-02
PLACE OF DEATH Naples, Italy

Caruso Sauce (also carusso) is a kind of soft and warm Sauce especially prepared to be served with home-made Pasta, made up of Cream, sliced Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest
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