Enfield, Connecticut
Thompsonville district
Location in Connecticut
Coordinates: 41°58′30″N 72°32′58″W / 41.975, -72.54944
NECTA	Springfield MA
Region	Capitol Region
Incorporated (Massachusetts)	1683
Annexed by Connecticut	1749
Government
- Type	Council-manager
- Town manager	Matthew Coppler
- Town Council	Dist 3 & Mayor Scott Kaupin Deputy Mayor Kenneth R Nelson Jr District Councilmen Joseph Bosco, Dist 1 William Edgar, Dist 2 Clem Dumont, Dist 4 Council At-Large Patrick J. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. A New England City and Town Area or NECTA is a geographic and statistical entity defined by the U In the council-manager form of government an elected city council (typically between five and 11 people is responsible for making Policy, passing Ordinances voting Appropriations Crowley Jason M. Jones David Kiner William F. Lee Cynthia Mangini William Ragno
Area
- Total	88. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 6 km² (34. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi)
- Land	86. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 5 km² (33. 4 sq mi)
- Water	2. 2 km² (0. 8 sq mi)
Elevation	17 m (56 ft)
Population (2005)
- Total	45,441
- Density	525/km² (1,361/sq mi)
Time zone	Eastern (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code	06082
Area code(s)	860
FIPS code	09-25990
GNIS feature ID	0212332
Website: http://www.enfield.org/

Enfield (CT) Shaker Village

Enfield is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 860 is a Telephone Area code that covers the eastern and northwestern parts of Connecticut. Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states Hartford County is located in the north central part of the U Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The population was 45,212 at the 2000 census. It sits on the border with Longmeadow, Massachusetts to the north, Somers to the east, East Windsor and Windsor Locks to the south and the Connecticut River and Suffield, Connecticut to the west. Longmeadow is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Somers is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, USA. The population was 10417 at the 2000 census. East Windsor is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. Windsor Locks is a town located in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The Connecticut River is the largest River in New England, flowing south from the Connecticut Lakes in northern New Hampshire, along the border Suffield is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America.

History

Enfield was originally inhabited by the Pocomtuc tribe, and contained their two villages of Scitico and Nameroke. The Pocomtuc, also Pocumtuck or Deerfield Indians, were a Native American tribe formerly inhabiting Western Massachusetts, especially around Enfield was settled in 1679 by settlers from Salem, Massachusetts. Salem is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Enfield was incorporated in Massachusetts in 1683. In 1749, following the settlement of a lawsuit in which it was determined that a surveyor's error placed a section of present-day Hartford County (including Enfield) within the boundaries of Massachusetts, the town seceded and became part of Connecticut.

Jonathan Edwards preached his famous sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" in Enfield. This article is about the theologian (b 1703 for other uses of Jonathan Edwards see Jonathan Edwards. Most famously preached on July 8 1741 in Enfield, Connecticut, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God is Jonathan Edwards' most recognizable Sermon This sermon is one of the most famous sermons ever scripted. This was part of the Great Awakening Revival that struck New England in the mid-1700s and spread throughout Western Civilization. The Great Awakenings refer to several periods of rapid and dramatic Religious revival in Anglo-American religious history generally recognized as beginning in the 1730s

The modern town of Enfield was formed through the merging of Enfield, Thompsonville, and Hazardville. Thompsonville is a Census-designated place (CDP in the town of Enfield in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. Hazardville is a Census-designated place (CDP in Hartford County, Connecticut, USA. Hazardville was named for Colonel Augustus George Hazard (1802-1868) whose company, manufactured gun powder in a part of the town known as Powder Hollow from the 1830s to the 1910s. In fact, in the 1989 film Glory boxes of gun powder can be seen with the words Enfield, CT printed on the sides. Glory is a 1989 drama War film based on the history of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Regiment during the American Civil War Also, in an episode in the 1970s cop-drama Hawaii Five-O, Jack Lord's Steve McGarrett traces explosives back to "The Hazard Gunpowder Company- Enfield, CT". Hawaii Five-O is an American Television series that starred Jack Lord and James MacArthur as detectives for a fictional Hawaii Most of the gun powder that the Union used in the Civil War was made in Enfield, Connecticut. Over 60 people died in explosions in Powder Hollow during the years when gun powder was manufactured there. The mill blew up several times, but was set up so that if one building blew up, the rest would not follow in a chain reaction. The ruins of these buildings and the dams are open to the public. Powder Hollow is now home to baseball fields and hiking trails.

Enfield (CT) Shaker Village in c. 1910

Enfield (CT) Shaker Village

In 1793, a historic Shaker village, one of nineteen scattered from Maine to Kentucky, was established in the town. The United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing, known as the Shakers, was a Protestant religious denomination that originated in Manchester The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The Utopian religious sect practiced celibate, communal living, and are today renowned for their simple architecture and furniture. Utopia is a name for an ideal community taken from the title of a book written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional Island in the In the Sociology of religion a sect is generally a smaller religious or political group that has broken off from a larger group for example from a In biological terms a community is a group of interacting Organisms sharing an environment. The term architecture (from Greek αρχιτεκτονικήarchitektoniki) can be used to mean a process a profession or documentation Furniture is the Mass noun for the movable objects which may support the human body (seating furniture and beds, provide storage or hold objects on horizontal Membership eventually dwindled, however, and the village disbanded. The property has since been redeveloped by the Enfield Correctional Institution, still located on "Shaker Road. "

• Enfield (CT) Shaker Village, Shaker Historic Trail

The presumption that Enfield was named for the town near London is incorrect. According to Dr. Frank Taylor, a noted historian of the town, Enfield was named, in a pattern similar to its neighboring towns of Springfield, Massachusetts (once Northfield) and Suffield, Connecticut (once Southfield). The neighborhood of Old Enfield in Austin, Texas is a namesake of Enfield, Connecticut, largely named by the family of Elisha M. Pease former governor of Texas who was born in Enfield, and whose great-great grandfather helped found Enfield as part of Massachusetts in the late seventeenth century. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Elisha Marshall Pease ( January 3, 1812 August 26, 1883) was a U

Industry

Enfield is home to the U. S. headquarters of Danish plastic building toy manufacturer LEGO, which is also the town's largest employer. Lego, officially trademarked LEGO, is a line of construction Toys manufactured by the Lego Group, a privately In June 2006, the company announced that they would be laying off over 290 employees and begin outsourcing jobs to Mexico. Hallmark Cards is the second-largest employer. Hallmark Cards is a privately owned American company based in Kansas City Missouri.

In the past, Enfield manufactured carpet and gunpowder. A carpet is any loom-woven felted textile or grass floor covering Gunpowder is a an explosive mixture of Sulfur, Charcoal and Potassium nitrate (also known as saltpetre/saltpeter that burns rapidly producing volumes

The town contains several shopping centers, including Enfield Square Mall.

Neighborhoods

Historical neighborhoods in Enfield are:

Enfield Historical District- Listed in the National Register of Historical Districts, the Enfield Historical District runs along Enfield Street (U.S. Route 5). US Route 5 is a north-south United States highway running through the New England states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont Many old homes dating back to the mid-1700s were built from 1106-1492 Enfield Street. Varying styles of architecture are noted including Late Victorian, Georgian and 19th Century Revival. Architectural styles classify Architecture in terms of Form, techniques, Materials, time period region etc The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era. Georgian architecture is the name given in most English -speaking countries to the set of Architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840 The Colonial Revival was a Nationalistic Architectural style and Interior design movement in the United States. The Enfield Town Hall museum as well as one of the oldest Congregational Churches in America can be found here. Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing Congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently

Hazardville - Named after General Hazard, this neighborhood encompasses a few smaller burbs, including Powder Hollow, and more recently, the center of Enfield has began to encroach on this historical area. Hazardville is a Census-designated place (CDP in Hartford County, Connecticut, USA. The center of Hazardville is located between the streets of Park Street and North Street on Hazard Avenue. When walking around, you'll be surprised by the eclectic group of shops, from Gayle's Thyme Herbal Apothecary, The Cranberry Scoop Gift Shop, Smoke n' Leather, to pizza shops, and parks, a good area to live in, with a pretty low crime rate, and reputable schools nearby.

North Thompsonville - Mostly residential and partially commercial area of Enfield with many parks and schools.

Presidential Section - Streets in this area are all named after former Presidents of The United States. Houses are mid-sized to large in this area. Entirely residential

Scitico - Scitico is on the eastern end of town. Green Manor is considered part of Scitico. This is a suburb in the purest sense, with winding roads, sidewalks, a park, and cul-de-sacs. Green Manor is approximately 4. 5 miles from the main highway Interstate 91 and boarders Somers, Connecticut. Somers is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, USA. The population was 10417 at the 2000 census. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Across from the elementary school Nathan Hale Elementary School is a residential park with tennis court, skate boarding ramps, playground for younger kids. This park used to have a community pool but it was falling apart and the town did not pass a referendum to fix it so it was removed.

Shaker Pines - Neighborhood mostly consists of tall pine trees towering above the quaint lakeside houses. Shaker Pines was originally part of the Shaker settlement in Enfield. The lake was built by the Shakers to power a mill. The mill stood, vacant, at the dam end of the lake into the late 1990s. This mill provided shelter for Frederick Merrill in 1987 after he escaped from the local high security prison. He was dubbed "The Peanut Butter Bandit" after his mother sneaked him supplies for his first prison escape in 1968 in a jar of peanut butter. The mill was subsequently torn down for safety reasons.

Sherwood Manor

Southwood Acres - A village contained within the town of Enfield. Sherwood Manor is a Census-designated place (CDP within the town of Enfield in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. Southwood Acres is a Census-designated place and village located in the town of Enfield in northern Hartford County, Connecticut. This neighborhood is almost entirely residential.

Thompsonville - Named after Orrin Thompson, Thompsonville is the town center of Enfield with a more urban environment. Thompsonville is a Census-designated place (CDP in the town of Enfield in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. In the past few years, there has been an attempt to revitalize the downtown area. ^[1] On the southbound portion of Pearl Street there are many old Victorians. The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era. There are also many boat launches onto the bordering Connecticut River. The Connecticut River is the largest River in New England, flowing south from the Connecticut Lakes in northern New Hampshire, along the border Planning has started for renovating an old building into a commuter rail station on the not yet built New Haven-Hartford-Springfield Line. Commuter rail, regional rail or suburban rail is a Passenger rail transport service between a city center and outer suburbs and Commuter towns The New Haven-Hartford-Springfield Commuter Rail Line is a proposed Commuter rail line running from New Haven Connecticut to Hartford and Springfield

Parks and Recreation

• Connecticut River
• Hazardville Park: off Hazard Avenue, features playscapes, basketball courts, covered picnic area
• Scantic River Recreational Area: near South Maple Street Bridge, rapids for canoeing and kayaking, fishing
• Green Manor Recreational Area: off Taylor Road, features playscape, skate park
• Mark Twain Recreational Area: off South Road, features tennis courts, ball fields
• Brainerd Park: off Brainard Road, features softball fields, children's swing sets

Enfield is also home to the Enfield Ultimate Frisbee Association (EUFA). The Connecticut River is the largest River in New England, flowing south from the Connecticut Lakes in northern New Hampshire, along the border Enfield is also the home base of the New England Lightning girls AAU basketball program.

Demographics

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 2 square miles (88. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 6 km²), of which, 33. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 square miles (86. 5 km²) of it is land and 0. 8 square miles (2. 1 km²) of it (2. 43%) is water.

As of the census^[2] of 2000, there were 45,212 people, 16,418 households, and 11,394 families residing in the town. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 1,354. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 3 people per square mile (523. 0/km²). There were 17,043 housing units at an average density of 510. 5/sq mi (197. 1/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 89. 74% White, 5. 61% African American, 0. 20% Native American, 1. 34% Asian, 0. 02% Pacific Islander, 1. 57% from other races, and 1. 54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3. 74% of the population.

There were 16,418 households out of which 31. 1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55. 7% were married couples living together, 10. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30. 6% were non-families. 25. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 53 and the average family size was 3. 04.

In the town the population was spread out with 22. 6% under the age of 18, 7. 6% from 18 to 24, 34. 2% from 25 to 44, 21. 9% from 45 to 64, and 13. 7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 110. 2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112. 7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $52,810, and the median income for a family was $60,528. Males had a median income of $42,335 versus $31,082 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,967. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 2. 8% of families and 4. 0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 4% of those under age 18 and 5. 7% of those age 65 or over.

Education System

Elementary

The Enfield Elementary School System runs from kindergarten through grade 6.

Junior High School

The Enfield School Junior High School System runs from grade 7 through grade 8.

Until the early 1980s, JFK's crosstown rival was Kosciuscko Junior High, a school named for a hero of the American Revolution, and known colloquially as the "Big K. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of "

The Big K's sports teams were known as the Chargers. After a competition among students for a more specific image for their mascot, a unicorn was chosen.

It closed down as the demographics of the town changed and two distinct junior highs became clearly unnecessary.

High school

The Enfield School Senior High School System runs from grade 9 through grade 12.

Parochial Schools

Notable Residents, Past and Present

1. Jeremiah Mervin Allen, (1833-1903), born in Enfield, noted educator, engineer, and president of the YMCA^[4]
2. Johnny April, bassist for the Alternative Metal/Hard Rock band Staind. The Young Men's Christian Association (" YMCA " or " the Y " was founded on June 6, 1844 in London England by a young man Johnny "Old School" April (born March 27, 1968) is the Bass guitarist and backing vocalist for the Alternative metal / Hard rock
3. John Ashton, actor, attended Enfield High School - former resident. John Ashton (born February 22, 1948) is an American actor born in Springfield Massachusetts and graduate of the University of Southern California
4. Elijah Churchill, soldier in the American Revolutionary War and recipient of the medal later known as the Purple Heart. Elijah Churchill, was a soldier for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" The Purple Heart is a United States military decoration awarded in the name of the President to those who have been wounded or killed while serving
5. James Dixon, United States Representative and Senator (served 1857-1869). James Dixon ( August 5, 1814 &ndash March 27, 1873) was a United States Representative and Senator from Connecticut
6. Paul Herscu, naturopathic doctor noted for his homeopathic work - resident. Paul Herscu (born May 5 1959) is an American naturopathic doctor and homeopath. Naturopathic medicine (also known as naturopathy, or natural medicine) is a Complementary and alternative medicine which emphasizes the body's intrinsic
7. Craig Janney, Olympian and professional ice hockey center - former resident. Craig Janney (born September 26, 1967 in Hartford, Connecticut and raised in Enfield Connecticut) was a Professional
8. Peter King, football columnist for Sports Illustrated and author. Peter King (born 1957 in Springfield, Massachusetts) is a senior writer for Sports Illustrated, the author of five books most notably Sports Illustrated is an American Sports Magazine owned by media conglomerate Time Warner.
9. Elisha M. Pease, politician and two term Governor of Texas (elected in 1853 and 1855). Elisha Marshall Pease ( January 3, 1812 August 26, 1883) was a U
10. Paul Robeson, singer and actor - former resident. Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson ( April 9, 1898 &ndash January 23, 1976) was a multi-lingual American Actor, athlete
11. Karen Scavotto, Olympic archer - resident. Karen Patricia Scavotto (born 17 April 1982 in Danbury Connecticut) is an American archer.
12. Bill Spanswick, baseball pitcher for the Boston Red Sox [14]. William Henry Spanswick (born July 8, 1938 in Springfield Massachusetts) is a former left-handed Starting pitcher who played for the Boston The following is a list of players past and present who have appeared in at least one competitive game for the Boston Red Sox American League franchise (1908-present
13. Nathaniel Terry, Representative from Connecticut in the 15th United States Congress (served 1817-1819). Nathaniel Terry ( January 30, 1768 - June 14, 1844) was a United States Representative from Connecticut.
14. The Last Goodnight, Upcoming band originally from Enfield and formerly called Renata, attended Enfield High School. The Last Goodnight is a Rock band from Enfield, Connecticut, USA.

Notable Historical Sites

1. The Strand Theater, Most prominently active in the 40's and 50's, in the 70's the Strand had to resort to X-rated films. It is no longer active.

Sister cities

Enfield has two official sister cities as designated by Sister Cities International [15]:

• Jhongli City, Taiwan (ROC). Sister Cities International is a Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering Town twinning, especially between cities in the United States Jhongli, also spelled Chungli ( Taiwanese POJ: Tiong-le̍k-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄌ一ˋ ㄕˋ is a city in Taoyuan County Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia.
• Ronneby, Sweden. Ronneby is a city in Blekinge and the seat of Ronneby Municipality, Blekinge County in south-eastern Sweden. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.

References

1. ^ Lightman, David and Larry Smith (2007-04-14). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Constituents Make A Pitch. The Hartford Courant. Retrieved on 2007-04-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date)
2. ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
3. ^ Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 25, 2005 (PDF). Connecticut Secretary of State. Retrieved on 2006-10-02. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule
4. ^ (1963) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who.  

External links

• Town of Enfield, Connecticut Official Website
• Enfield Historical Society
• Enfield Public Schools Official Website
• Enfield School District Information
• National Register of Historical Districts, Hartford County, Connecticut
• Central Regional Tourism District
• Enfield CT Photographic Tour and History