| Endolymph | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Cross-section of cochlea. The cochlea is the auditory portion of the Inner ear. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along (Endolymph is located in the scala media - the light green region at the middle of the diagram. The cochlear duct (or scala media) is an Endolymph filled cavity inside the Cochlea, located in between the Scala tympani and the Scala ) | |
 |
|
| illustration of otolith organs showing detail of utricle, ococonia, endolymph, cupula, macula, hair cell filaments, and saccular nerve | |
| Latin | endolympha |
| Gray's | subject #232 1051 |
| MeSH | Endolymph |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | e_08/12332247 |
Endolymph is the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The cupula is a structure in the Vestibular system, sensing Proprioception. The macula or macula lutea (from Latin macula, "spot" + lutea, "yellow" is an oval Yellow spot near the center Hair cells are the Sensory receptors of both the Auditory system and the Vestibular system in all Vertebrates. The saccular nerve is a nerve which supplies the Macula of the Saccule. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. the Peripheral organs of the Special senses the organs of Taste ( Peripheral gustatory or Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the Bony labyrinth and has the same general form it is however considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by The inner Ear is the bony labyrinth, a system of passages comprising two main functional parts the organ of hearing or Cochlea
It is also called Scarpa's fluid, after Antonio Scarpa. Antonio Scarpa ( May 9, 1752 &ndash October 31, 1832) was an Italian Anatomist and professor [1]
Contents |
Composition
The main cation of this unique extracellular fluid is potassium, which is secreted from the stria vascularis. Potassium (pəˈtæsiəm is a Chemical element. It has the symbol K (kalium from qalīy Atomic number 19 and Atomic mass 39 The upper portion of the Spiral ligament contains numerous Capillary loops and small Blood vessels, and is termed the stria vascularis. The high potassium content of the endolymph means that potassium, not sodium, is carried as the depolarizing electrical current in the hair cells. This is known as the mechano-electric transduction (MET) current.
Endolymph has a high positive charge (from 80-120 mV in the cochlea), mainly due to the presence of positively-charged amino acids. In Chemistry, an amino acid is a Molecule containing both Amine and Carboxyl Functional groups In Biochemistry, this It is mainly this electrical gradient that allows potassium ions to flow into the negatively-charged hair cells during mechanical stimulation of the hair bundle. Because the hair cells are at a negative potential of about -50 mV, the electrical gradient from endolymph to hair cell is on the order of 150 mV, which is the largest electrical potential found in the body.
Pathology
Disruption of the endolymph due to jerky movements (like spinning around or driving over bumps while riding in a car) can cause motion sickness. Motion sickness or kinetosis is a condition in which a disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the Vestibular system 's sense of movement [2] A condition where the volume of the endolymph is greatly enlarged is called endolymphatic hydrops and has been linked to Ménière's disease[3]. Ménière's disease (meɪnˈyɛərz is a disorder of the Inner ear that can affect hearing and Balance. Ménière's disease (meɪnˈyɛərz is a disorder of the Inner ear that can affect hearing and Balance.
See also
Additional images
 Inner ear illustration showing semicircular canal, hair cells, ampulla, cupula, vestibular nerve, & fluid |
References
- ^ synd/2926 at Who Named It
- ^ What makes people dizzy when they spin?
- ^ Meniere's Disease Information Center - Cause of Meniere's Disease
External links
- Endolymph at eMedicine Dictionary
- Longitudinal Flow of Endolymph at wustl.edu
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic