This article is a parent page for a series of articles providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. Endemism is the Ecological state of being unique to a place Endemic species are not naturally found elsewhere

The term endemic, in the context of bird endemism, refers to any species found only in a specific area. There is no upper size limit for the geographical area. It would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as endemic to Earth; in practice, however, the largest areas for which the term is in common use are countries (e. g. New Zealand endemics) or zoogeographical regions and subregions (West Indies endemics). This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones

Birdlife International has defined the term restricted-range endemic as any species whose historical range is less than 50,000km². BirdLife International (formerly known as the International Council for Bird Preservation, not to be confused with Birds International) is the international conservation

Patterns of endemism

Endemism is particularly notable when not just a particular species is confined to given areas, but a whole higher-level taxon (e. g. genus, family or even order). A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic Family denotes a group of People affiliated by consanguinity affinity or co-residence This article is about the taxonomic rank for the sequence of species in a taxonomic list see Taxonomic order In scientific classification used

Almost all orders are represented on at least two continents. The orders with the most-restricted range are the mousebirds (Coliiformes), found only in sub-Saharan Africa and the tinamous, found only in South and Central America. Population distribution redirects here For the probability distribution of a statistical population see Probability distribution and Statistical population The mousebirds are a small group of (possibly Near passerine) Birds which have no real close affinities to other groups though they and the parrots and cockatoos Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of Bird, members of a South American Bird family of about 47 species in 9 genera South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a

At the level of family, endemism is exhibited widely. Examples include:

• The Kagu, a monotypic family found only on New Caledonia in the south Pacific Ocean
• The Palmchat, another monotypic family, found only on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean
• The kiwis, a family of five species found only in New Zealand
• The todies, a family of five species found only on the Greater Antilles
• The Hawaiian honeycreepers, a family found only on the Hawaiian islands - see Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands and Endemic birds of Hawaii
• Australia has many endemic families - see Endemic birds of Australia
• Madagascar has a number of endemic families (plus others found only on Madagascar and nearby island groups) - see Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands

Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International has defined the concept of an Endemic Bird Area (EBA). KAGU is a Classical music Radio station run by Gonzaga University in Spokane Washington. Monotypic is an adjective that refers to a taxonomic group with only one type: In Botany, "monotypic" means that a Taxon has only For the former North American fur-trading district see New Caledonia (Canada, and for the Scottish colony in Panama see Darien scheme. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions The Palmchat, Dulus dominicus, is a small long-tailed Passerine Bird, the only species in the genus Dulus and the family Dulidae Hispaniola (from Spanish, La Española) is the second-largest and most populous Island of the Antilles, lying between the islands of The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting KIWI (1029 FM, "Radio Lobo" is a commercial Radio station located in McFarland California, broadcasting to the Bakersfield California New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The todies are a family, Todidae, of Caribbean Birds in the order Coraciiformes, which also includes the Kingfishers The Greater Antilles is one of three island groups in the Caribbean. Hawaiian honeycreepers are small Passerine Birds endemic to Hawaiʻi. Located some 2400 miles (4000 km from the nearest continental shore the Hawaiian Islands are the most isolated group of islands on the planet This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This is a region of the world which contains two or more restricted range species.

To support this, they have also introduced the Secondary Area concept, for areas which contain one or more restricted-range species.

See also:

List of Endemic Bird Areas of the World

List of Secondary Areas

Publications in Bird Endemism

Birdlife International has produced two publications on endemism in birds:

• Putting biodiversity on the map: priority areas for global conservation C. The following is a list of Endemic Bird Areas of the world as defined by Birdlife International - see main article ( Endemism in Birds) The following is a list of areas classified by Birdlife International as Secondary Areas namely areas which contain at least one Restricted-range endemic bird species but do Putting biodiversity on the map priority areas for global conservation by C J. Bibby, N. J. Collar, M. J. Crosby, M. F. Heath, Ch. Imboden, T. H. Johnson, A. J. Long, A. J. Stattersfield and S. J. Thirgood (1992) ISBN 0-946888-24-8

• Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation Alison J. Endemic Bird Areas of the World Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation by Alison J Stattersfield, Michael J. Crosby, Adrian J. Long and David C. Wege (1998) ISBN 0-946888-33-7

List of articles on endemic birds of individual regions

The Palaearctic

• Endemic birds of the Western Palearctic
• Endemic birds of Central Asia
• Endemic birds of Japan

The Afrotropics and Malagasy regions

• Endemic birds of eastern Africa
• Endemic birds of western Africa
• Endemic birds of southern Africa
• Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islands

The Oriental region

• Endemic birds of the Indian Subcontinent
• Endemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Endemic birds of Southeast Asia
• Endemic birds of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java & Bali
• Endemic birds of Borneo
• Endemic birds of Sulawesi and associated islands
• Endemic birds of The Philippines
• Endemic birds of Taiwan

Australasia & the Pacific

• Endemic birds of Australia
• Endemic birds of New Guinea and neighbouring islands
• Endemic birds of New Zealand
• Endemic birds of New Caledonia
• Endemic birds of Hawaii

North America

• Endemic birds of eastern North America
• Endemic birds of western North America
• Endemic birds of the West Indies
• Endemic birds of Mexico and northern Central America
• Endemic birds of southern Central America

South America

• Endemic birds of the Galápagos Islands
• Endemic birds of northern South America

Other

• Endemic birds of southern Atlantic islands

Endemism in birds
Regional overviews The Palaearctic: Western Palearctic | Central Asia | Japan Afrotropics & Malagasy region: Eastern Africa | Western and central Africa | Southern Africa | Madagascar region The Oriental region: S Asia | Andamans and Nicobars | SE Asia | Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java & Bali | Borneo | Sulawesi region | The Philippines | Taiwan Australasia & the Pacific: Australia | New Guinea region | New Zealand | New Caledonia | Hawaii North America: Eastern North America | Western North America | West Indies | Mexico and northern Central America | Southern Central America South America: Galápagos Islands Other: Southern Atlantic islands
Lists of: Endemic Bird Areas | Secondary Areas
Literature: Putting biodiversity on the map | Endemic Bird Areas of the World
Categories: Regional overviews | Endemic higher-level taxa | Restricted range endemics

The following is a list of the restricted-range endemic bird species found in the Western Palearctic region Algerian Nuthatch Berthelot's This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones The following is a list of bird species endemic or near-endemic to South Africa This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones The following is a list of the restricted-range endemic bird species found in the Western Palearctic region Algerian Nuthatch Berthelot's This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones The following is a list of bird species endemic or near-endemic to South Africa This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones The following is a list of Endemic Bird Areas of the world as defined by Birdlife International - see main article ( Endemism in Birds) The following is a list of areas classified by Birdlife International as Secondary Areas namely areas which contain at least one Restricted-range endemic bird species but do Putting biodiversity on the map priority areas for global conservation by C Endemic Bird Areas of the World Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation by Alison J

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