An encoder is a device used to change a signal (such as a bitstream) or data into a code. Microchipsjpg|right|thumb|200px|Microchips ( EPROM memory with a transparent window showing the integrated circuit inside In Telecommunication, signalling (UK spelling or signaling (US spelling has the following meanings The use of signals for controlling communications A bitstream or bit stream is a Time series of Bits A Bytestream is a series of Bytes typically of 8 bits each and can be Debt AIDS Trade in Africa (or DATA) is a Multinational non-government organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2 's In Communications a code is a rule for converting a piece of Information (for example a letter, Word, Phrase, or The code may serve any of a number of purposes such as compressing information for transmission or storage, encrypting or adding redundancies to the input code, or translating from one code to another. In Telecommunications transmission is the process of sending propagating and receiving an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers to Computer components devices and recording media that retain digital Redundancy in Information theory is the number of bits used to transmit a message minus the number of bits of actual information in the message This is usually done by means of a programmed algorithm, especially if any part is digital, while most analog encoding is done with analog circuitry. In Mathematics, Computing, Linguistics and related subjects an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions often used for Calculation A digital system uses discrete (discontinuous values usually but not always Symbolized Numerically (hence called "digital" to represent information for An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable of the signal is a representation of some other Analogue electronics (or analog in American English) are those electronic systems with a continuously Variable signal

Single bit 4 to 2 Encoder

A single bit 4 to 2 encoder takes in 4 bits and outputs 2 bits. It is assumed that there are only 4 types of input signals these are : 0001, 0010, 0100, 1000.

Gate level circuit diagram of a single bit 4-to-2 line encoder

Priority encoder

A priority encoder prioritizes more significant bits in the data stream, and once it finds a high signal will ignore all other bits. An example of a single bit 4 to 2 encoder is shown.

Connecting Priority Encoders

Priority encoders can be easily connected in arrays to make larger encoders, such as a 16 to 4 encoder made from six 4 to 2 priority encoders (four encoders having the signal source connected to their inputs, and two encoders that take the output of the first four as input).

Examples

• A compressor encodes data (e. g. , audio/video/images) into a smaller form.
• A multiplexer combines multiple inputs into one output. In Electronics, a multiplexer or mux ( occasionally the term muldex is also found for a combination multiplexer-demultiplexer
• A rotary encoder converts rotary position to an analog (e. A rotary encoder, also called a shaft encoder, is an Electro-mechanical device used to convert the angular position of a shaft or axle to an analog g. , analog quadrature) or digital (e. g. , digital quadrature, 32-bit parallel, or USB) electronic signal.
• A linear encoder similarly converts linear position to an electronic signal. A linear encoder is a sensor transducer or readhead paired with a scale that encodes position

See also

• Codec
• Endec
• Line code
• Modulation
• Redundancy in databases
• decoder

External links

• Encoding data to an ID Card: Using a Magnetic Stripe Encoder

• Absolute Encoder Using Gray Code - Absolute encoding for rotating shaft, with a comprehensive discussion of gray code. A codec is a device or program capable of encoding and/or decoding a Digital Data stream or signal. An endec is a device which both encodes and decodes video or audio or other signals either with the same or separate circuitry or algorithm In Telecommunication, a line code (also called digital baseband modulation) is a Code chosen for use within a Communications system for In Telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying a periodic Waveform, i Database normalization, sometimes referred to as canonical synthesis, is a technique for designing Relational database tables to minimize duplication of For the drum and bass musician see Decoder (artist A decoder is a device which does the reverse of an Encoder, undoing the

• asic-world's Digital Combinational Logic (part III) - an overview of encoders in circuitry.