Empress Xiao Duan - Citizendia

Empress Xiao Duan Wen (Chinese: 孝端文皇后博尔吉济特氏), private name: Jerjer, (May 13, 1600 - May 17, 1649). Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. She was the principal Empress Consort of the Qing Dynasty Emperor Huang Taiji of China. Huang Taiji ( November 28 1592 &ndash September 21 1643; reigned 1626 &ndash 1643 also transliterated as Hung Taiji Empress Xiao Duan Wen was a daughter of Manjusri Noyan, the First Prince Fu of the Borjigit clan, descended from the Mongol Horchin clan.

Borjigit married the Tai Zong Emperor Huang Taiji of the Manchu Later Jin on May 28, 1614, and became his official wife "although not being his first wife", and later Empress in 1636 when the Qing Dynasty was established. Huang Taiji ( November 28 1592 &ndash September 21 1643; reigned 1626 &ndash 1643 also transliterated as Hung Taiji The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China Both her nieces Bumbutai "Zhuang Fei" (later Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang) and Hai Lan Zu were married to the Emperor as well.

Borjigit gave birth to 3 daughters:

Princess Makata (马喀塔公主) (1625 - 1663)
Princess Jingduan (固伦靖端長公主) (1628 - 1686)
Princess Yungan (固伦永安長公主) (1634 - 1692 )

After the death of Huang Tai Ji in 1643, Borjigit was made the Mother Empress Imperial Dowager Empress (Chinese: 母后皇太后), being the principal consort and preceded Shun Zhi Emperor's biological mother, the Empress Xiao Zhuang Wen who was also elevated to the Holy Mother Imperial Dowager Empress (Chinese: 圣母皇太后). The Shunzhi Emperor ( March 15, 1638 &ndash February 5, 1661) was the second emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty

Being known as a benevolent and virtuous empress Borjigit died in the sixth year of reign of the Shun Zhi Emperor in 1649 being 50 years old.

Borjigit was posthumously styled with the title "Empress Xiao Duan Wen" after her death.

References

Hummel, Arthur William, ed. Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912). 2 vols. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1943.

Succession

Preceded by Empress Xiao Lie Wu	Empress of China May 28, 1614 - September 21, 1643	Succeeded by Empress Xiao Zhuang Wen

Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Events 1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights.

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