| Emperor Kōbun | |
| 39th Emperor of Japan | |
| Reign | 672(8 months) |
|---|---|
| Born | 648 |
| Died | the 23rd Day of the 7th Month of the 1st Year of Kōbun's reign (August 21, 672) |
| Place of death | Yamasaki(Shiga) |
| Buried | Nagara-no-Yamasaki no Misasagi |
| Predecessor | Emperor Tenji |
| Successor | Emperor Temmu |
| Consort | Princess Tōchi (648?-678), a daughter of Emperor Temmu |
| Issue | Prince Kadono, Princess Ichishihime, Prince Yota |
| Father | Emperor Tenji |
| Mother | Yakako-no-iratsume, a lower court lady from Iga (Iga no Uneme) |
Emperor Kōbun (弘文天皇 kōbun tennō?), also known as Prince Ōtomo (大友皇子, Ōtomo no ōji) (648 - August 21, 672 (the 23rd Day of the 7th Month of the 1st Year of Kōbun's reign)) was the 39th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Events By Place Europe Wamba succeeds Reccaswinth as king of the Visigoths. Events By Topic Religion Pope Theodore I excommunicates Patriarch Paul II of Constantinople Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Events By Place Europe Wamba succeeds Reccaswinth as king of the Visigoths. Emperor Tenji (天智天皇 Tenji-tennō) also known as Emperor Tenchi ( Tenchi-tennō) ( 626 - January 7, 672 (the 3rd Day of (c 631 - October 1 686) was the 40th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession was a Japanese princess during the Asuka period of Japanese history (c 631 - October 1 686) was the 40th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession Emperor Tenji (天智天皇 Tenji-tennō) also known as Emperor Tenchi ( Tenchi-tennō) ( 626 - January 7, 672 (the 3rd Day of Events By Topic Religion Pope Theodore I excommunicates Patriarch Paul II of Constantinople Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Events By Place Europe Wamba succeeds Reccaswinth as king of the Visigoths. An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. His reign lasted only a few months in 671-672. [1]
Contents |
Events of Kōbun's life
Emperor Kōbun was recognized as the 39th emperor by the Meiji government in 1870; and since the late 19th century, he is known by the posthumous name accorded to him by Meiji scholars. [2]
- Post-Meiji chronology
- In the 10th year of Tenji, in the 11th month (671): Emperor Tenji, in the 10th year of his reign (天智天皇10年), designated his son as his heir; and modern scholars construe this as meaning that the son would have received the succession (‘‘senso’’) after his father's death. The years of Emperor Tenji's reign or the Tenji (天智 period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit Events By Place Europe Perctarit returns from exile to become king of the Lombards. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Kōbun is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). [3] If this understanding were valid, then it would it would follow:
-
- In the 1st year of Kōbun (672): Emperor Kōbun, in the 1st year of his reign (弘文天皇1年), died; and his uncle Ōaomi-shinnō received the succession (‘‘senso’’) after the death of his nephew. The years of Emperor Kōbun's reign or the Kōbun (弘文 period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit Events By Place Europe Wamba succeeds Reccaswinth as king of the Visigoths. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Temmu could be said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). [4]
- Pre-Meiji chronology
- Prior to the 19th century, Otomo was understood to have been a mere interloper, a pretender, an anomaly; and therefore, if that commonly-accepted understanding were to have been valid, then it would have followed:
- In the 10th year of Tenji, in the 11th month (671): Emperor Tenji, in the 10th year of his reign (天智天皇10年), died; and despite any military confrontations which ensued, the brother of the dead sovereign would have received the succession (‘‘senso’’); and after a time, it would have been understood that Emperor Temmu rightfully acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’). The years of Emperor Tenji's reign or the Tenji (天智 period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit Events By Place Europe Perctarit returns from exile to become king of the Lombards.
For centuries, the hapless Ō-tomo-tennō was not considered to have been a part of the traditional order of succession.
Non-nengō period
The years of Kōbun's reign are not linked by scholars to any era or nengō. [5] The Taika era innovation of naming time periods -- nengō -- languished until Mommu reasserted an imperial right by proclaiming the commencement of Taihō in 701.
- See Japanese era name -- "Non-nengo periods"
- See Kōbun (period) (672). The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common Calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era The years of Emperor Kōbun's reign or the Kōbun (弘文 period should not be misunderstood as a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit
In this context, Brown and Ishida's translation of Gukanshō offers an explanation about the years of Empress Jitō's reign which muddies a sense of easy clarity in the pre-Taiho time-frame:
-
- "The eras that fell in this reign were: (1) the remaining seven years of Shuchō [(686+7=692?)]; and (2) Taika, which was four years long [695-698]. (The first year of this era was kinoto-hitsuji [695]. ) . . . In the third year of the Taka era [697], Empress Jitō yielded the throne to the Crown Prince. "[6]
Kugyo
The top court officials (公卿 Kugyō?) during Emperor Kōbun's reign included:
- Sadaijin, Soga no Akae(蘇我赤兄) (?-?), 672 (7 months)
- Udaijin, Nakatomi no Kane(中臣金) (?-672), 672 (7 months)
Consorts and Children
Empress Consort: Princess Tōchi (十市皇女) (648?-678), a daughter of Emperor Temmu
- Prince Kadono (葛野王) (669-706)
Hi: Fujiwara no Mimimotoji (藤原耳面刀自), a daughter of Fujiwara no Kamatari
- Princess Ichishi-hime (壱志姫王)
Emperor Kōbun had another son named Prince Yota(興多王), whose mother is unknown. Sadaijin (左大臣 most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian Udaijin (右大臣 most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and was a Japanese princess during the Asuka period of Japanese history (c 631 - October 1 686) was the 40th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession Fujiwara no Kamatari (藤原鎌足 614&ndash669 AD was the founder of the Fujiwara clan in Japan
References
- ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 55-58.
- ^ Brown, Delmer. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 268 n. 39; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 136. [Contemporary historians now place the reign of Emperor Kōbun between the reigns of Emperors Tenji and Temmu; but the Nihongi, Gukanshō, and Jinnō Shōtōki do not recognize this reign. Ō-tomo-shinnō was only given his posthumous title and name in 1870. ]
- ^ Brown, pp. 268-269; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 44. [A distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami. ]
- ^ Titsingh, pp. 55-58; Varley, p. 44.
- ^ Titsingh, p. 56.
- ^ Brown, p. 270.
- Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien, c. Jien (慈円 ( 17 May 1155 in Kyoto &ndash 28 October 1225 in Omi (now Shiga) was a Japanese 1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. is a historical and literary work about the history of Japan Seven volumes in length it was composed by Buddhist priest Jien of the Tendai sect c Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a Publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in Academic ISBN 0-520-03460-0
- Titsingh, Isaac, ed. Isaac Titsingh ( 10 January 1745 in Amsterdam – 2 February 1812 in Paris) was a Dutch surgeon scholar merchant-trader (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. Hayashi Gahō (林鵞峰 (1618 &ndash 1688 also known as Hayashi Shunsai, was a Japanese Neo-Confucian scholar teacher and administrator in the system of is a 17th century chronicle of the serial reigns of Japanese emperors with brief notes about some of the noteworthy events or other happenings during each period par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re. , complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Julius Heinrich Klaproth (1783-1835 German Orientalist and traveller Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (RAS was according to its Royal Charter of August 11, 1824 ...Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
- Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. (1293 &ndash 1354 was a Japanese court noble and writer of the 14th century who supported the Southern Court in the Nanboku-cho period serving as advisor is a Japanese historical book written by Kitabatake Chikafusa (北畠親房 a court noble in the ''Nanboku-chō'' period Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. Columbia University Press is a University press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. ISBN 0-231-04940-4
| Preceded by Emperor Tenji |
Emperor of Japan: Kōbun 671-672 |
Succeeded by Emperor Temmu |
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