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This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu (劉). Personal Names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. Chinese family name is one of the hundreds or thousands of Family names that have been historically used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic Liu is a common Chinese family name. The Transliteration Liu can represent several different surnames written in different Chinese characters
Han Gaozu (漢高帝)
Birth and death: 256 BC/247 BC– June 1, 195 BC
Family name: Liu (劉)
Given name: Ji (季), later Bang (邦)
Courtesy name: Ji (季)
Brothers: Xi (劉后), Prince of Dai
Jiao (劉交), Prince Yuan of Chu
Wives: Empress Lü Zhi, mother of Prince Ying
and Princess Luyuan
Crown Prince: Ying (劉盈), Crown Prince
Concubines: Consort Cao, mother of Prince Fei
Consort Qi, mother of Prince Ruyi
Consort Zhang
Consort Wei
Consort Bo, mother of Prince Heng
Consort Zhao
Children: Fei (劉肥), Prince Daohui of Qi
Ying (劉盈), Crown Prince
Jian (劉健), Prince Ling of Yan
Ruyi (劉如意), Prince Yin of Zhao
Heng (劉恆), Prince of Dai
Hui (劉惠), Prince Gong of Zhao
You, Prince of Huaiyang
Chang (劉長), Prince Li of Huainan
Princess Luyuan (魯元公主)
Grandchildren: Xiang (劉襄), Prince Ai of Qi
Zhang (劉章), Prince Jing of Chengyang
Xingju (劉興居), Marquess of Dongmou
Qi (劉啟), Crown Prince
Dates of reign: Feb. Events By place Roman Republic Rome aims for a quick end to hostilities in the First Punic War and decides to invade the Events By place Carthage By this stage in the Punic War, Carthage has lost to Rome all its Sicilian possessions Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with Personal Names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. Chinese given names ( Chinese: 名字 Pinyin: míngzì are often made up of one or two characters Unlike Western personal names there is great variety A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name ( zì) is a given name to be used later in life Prince of Dai was a noble title in Han Dynasty. It was first created by Emperor Gao of Han for his older brother Liu Xi in 201 BC. Prince of Chu was a noble title in Han Dynasty. After Han Xin King of Chu was demoted to a marquess in 201 BC the kingdom of Chu was awarded by Emperor Gao A wife is a Female spouse or participant in a Marriage, or Civil union or Civil partnership. Empress Lü Zhi (呂雉 (died 180 BC commonly known as Empress Dowager Lü (呂太后 Pinyin: Lǚ Tàihòu or formally as Empress Gao (高皇后 Crown Princess redirects here for the ship see Crown Princess (ship. Early life and years as crown prince How Liu Ying's childhood was like is not completely clear Concubinage is the state of a woman or youth in an ongoing quasi-matrimonial relationship with a man of higher social status Concubine Qi (戚姬 Pinyin qì ji (d 194 BC also known as Lady Qi or Consort Qi (戚夫人 was the favoured Concubine of Han Empress Dowager Bo (薄太后 known as Consort Bo (薄姬 when her husband was alive and more formally as either Empress Dowager Xiaowen (孝文太后 or (rarer CHILD syndrome (or congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects) is a genetic disorder This article is about the Han Dynasty prince Liu Fei (劉肥 also known as Prince Daohui of Qi (齊哀王 (d Early life and years as crown prince How Liu Ying's childhood was like is not completely clear Liu Ruyi (劉如意 also known as Prince Yin of Zhao (趙王 created 198 BC was a son of Emperor Gao of Han and Consort Qi. Emperor Wen of Han (202 BC&ndash157 BC was an emperor of the Han Dynasty in China. King of Zhao was a title used by several rebellion leaders during the collapse of the Qin Dynasty in ancient China. King (or Prince of Huainan (淮南王 was a noble title in Han Dynasty. Family denotes a group of People affiliated by consanguinity affinity or co-residence Liu Xiang (劉襄 also known as Prince Ai of Qi (齊哀王 (d Liu Zhang (劉章 (d 177 BC formally Prince Jing of Chengyang (城陽景王 sometimes known in later historical accounts and literature by his earlier title of Marquess Liu Xingju (劉興居 (d 177 BC was a key player during the Lü Clan Disturbance (180 BC Early life and career as crown prince Emperor Jing was born to Emperor Wen, then Prince of Dai, and Consort Dou, one of his favorite consorts in 28, 202 BC–Jun. Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the 1, 195 BC
Dynasty: Former/ Western Han
Temple name: Taizu (太祖), later Gaozu (高祖)
Posthumous name:
(short)
 Emperor Gao (高帝)
Posthumous name:
(full)
 Emperor Gao (高皇帝)
General note: Dates given are in the proleptic Julian calendar. Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean ( Goryeo and Joseon periods and Vietnamese (such dynasties as A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty nobles and sometimes others in some cultures after the person's death A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty nobles and sometimes others in some cultures after the person's death The proleptic Julian calendar is produced by extending the Julian calendar to dates preceding AD 4 when its quadrennial leap year stabilized
They are not in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The proleptic Gregorian calendar is produced by extending the Gregorian calendar backward to dates preceding its official introduction in 1582.
———
1. This is the birth year reported by Huangfu Mi (皇甫謐) (215-282),
the famous author of acupuncture books. Huang-fu Mi (皇甫谧 215-282 CE a famous Chinese scholar and Physician, was born in 215 (under the Eastern Han dynasty) in a poor farming family in what is now Events By Place Roman Empire Caracalla 's troops massacre the population of Alexandria Egypt. Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Probus is slain in a battle against the usurper Carus, an Illyrian and Praetorian History Antiquity In China, the practice of acupuncture can perhaps be traced as far back as
2. This is the birth year reported by Chen Zan (臣瓚) around AD 270
in his comments of the Book of Han (漢書) . Events By Place Roman Empire Quintillus briefly holds power over the Roman Empire and is succeeded by Aurelian. The Book of Han ( is a classic Chinese Historical writing completed in 111 CE covering the history of Western Han from 206 BCE to
3. Name meaning "the youngest one". Liu Bang was the third son of his
father, his oldest brother was called Bo (伯) , i. e. the "First one", and his
second older brother was called Zhong (仲) , i. e. the "Middle one".
4. Had his name changed into Bang, meaning "country", either when he
was made Prince of Han, or when he ascended the imperial throne.
5. Ji was the courtesy name according to Sima Qian in his
Records of the Grand Historian. Early life and education Sima Qian was born and grew up in Longmen, near present-day Hancheng Shaanxi. The Records of the Grand Historian, also known in English by the Chinese name 史記 or Shiji, written from 109 BC to 91 BC It may be that Liu Bang, after he
changed his name into Bang, kept his original name Ji as his courtesy
name. However, some authors do not think that "Ji" was ever used as
the courtesy name of Liu Bang.
6. Was already Prince of Han (漢王) since March 206 BC, having been
enfeoffed by the rebelled leader Xiang Yu. Events By place Roman Republic In the Battle of Ilipa ( Alcalá del Río, near Seville) in Spain, the Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang was proclaimed
emperor on February 28, 202 BC after defeating Xiang Yu. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the
7. Meaning "supreme ancestor". Was apparently the original temple name
of Emperor Gao. Taizu, in the most ancient Chinese tradition, going back
to the Shang Dynasty, was the temple name of the founder of a dynasty. The Shang Dynasty ( Chinese: 商[[wiktionary 朝|朝]] or Yin Dynasty ( 殷[[wiktionary 代|代]] was according to traditional sources the
8. Sima Qian in his Records of the Grand Historian referred to Emperor
Gao as "Gaozu", meaning "high ancestor", perhaps a combination of the
temple name and posthumous name of the emperor (doubts still remain
about why Sima Qian used "Gaozu" instead of "Taizu", and what the exact
nature of this name is). Early life and education Sima Qian was born and grew up in Longmen, near present-day Hancheng Shaanxi. The Records of the Grand Historian, also known in English by the Chinese name 史記 or Shiji, written from 109 BC to 91 BC Following Sima Qian, later historians most often
used "Han Gaozu" (漢高祖), and this is the name under which he is still
known inside China. Furthermore, it seems that in the Later Hàn Dynasty
"Gaozu" had replaced "Taizu" as the temple name of Emperor Gāo. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China.

Emperor Gao (256 BC or 247 BC–June 1, 195 BC), commonly known inside China by his Temple Name, Gaozu (Chinese: 高祖; pinyin: Gāozǔ, Wade-Giles: Kao Tsu), personal name Liu Bang (Wade-Giles: Liu Pang), was the first emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, ruling over China from 202 BC until 195 BC, and one of only a few dynasty founders who emerged from the peasant class (the other major example being Zhu Yuanzhang founder of the Míng Dynasty). Events By place Roman Republic Rome aims for a quick end to hostilities in the First Punic War and decides to invade the Events By place Carthage By this stage in the Punic War, Carthage has lost to Rome all its Sicilian possessions Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean ( Goryeo and Joseon periods and Vietnamese (such dynasties as Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin The Emperor of China ( refers to any sovereign of Imperial China reigning since the founding of the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC until the fall of The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with A peasant is an agricultural worker who subsists by working a small plot of ground Early life Zhu Yuanzhang was born in 1328 in Pei County Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province as the youngest of four sons The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led Before becoming an emperor, he was also called Duke of Pei (沛公) after his birthplace. He was also created as the Prince of Hàn by Xiang Yu, the Grand Prince of Western Chu following the collapse of Qín Dynasty, and was called so before becoming emperor. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China

Contents

Early life

Liú Bāng was born into a peasant family in Pei (present Pei County in Jiangsu Province). ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsu) is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country He relied on his brother's family for food. There is a story that tells of him bringing many friends home to eat with the family one day. Though there was more than enough food to feed everyone, his sister-in-law went to the kitchen to scrape the pots, thus causing all his friends to leave, as they thought that the family was too poor to feed them. His sister-in-law's contempt for his roguish ways was what made Liú Bāng think about actually studying and serving his country.

After he grew up, Liú Bāng served as a patrol officer in his county. Once he was responsible for transporting a group of prisoners to Mount Li in present Shaanxi province. ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess During the trip many prisoners fled. Fearful that he would be punished for the prisoners' flight, Liú Bāng released the remaining prisoners. The prisoners, running for their lives, met up with a cobra snake and went back the way they came, running into Liú Bāng. Hearing their story, he went and killed the cobra himself. Legend says that the cobra was a representation from the gods indicating that he was the natural born leader. The cobra was supposedly larger than a full grown tree. The cobras breath was poisonous killing many prisoners. Liu Bang was brave enough to kill the snake at dawn. From then on, the prisoners respected him and made him their leader, hence Liú Bāng became the leader of a band of brigands. On one of his raids, he met a county magistrate who became impressed with his leadership skills and gave his daughter Lü Zhi to him in marriage. Empress Lü Zhi (呂雉 (died 180 BC commonly known as Empress Dowager Lü (呂太后 Pinyin: Lǚ Tàihòu or formally as Empress Gao (高皇后

Chu-Han Contention

Now considering the whole former Qín Empire under his domination, Xiang Yu realigned the territories of not only the remaining parts of Qín but also the rebel states, dividing the territories into 19 principalities. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Xiang Yu did not honor the promise by Xin, Prince Huai of Chu, who would soon himself be assassinated by Xiang's orders. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Yi of Chu ( Traditional Chinese: 楚義帝 sometimes 南楚義帝 literally "the Righteous Emperor of Chu" also known as Prince Huai of Chu (楚懷王 Instead, he gave Guanzhong to the princes of three Qins. The Three Qins ( Chinese: 三秦 Pinyin: Sān Qín) refer to three of the 19 principalities created by Xiang Yu in the aftermaths of the collapse Liú Bāng was only awarded the Principality of Hàn (modern Sichuan, Chongqing, and southern Shaanxi). The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess

In Hanzhong, Liú Bāng focused his efforts on developing agriculture methods and training an army, through which he reinforced his resource accumulation and military power. Before long, Liú broke out of his principality, deposed the kings of three Qins and occupied Guanzhong, where he launched a war now known as the Chu-Han War, against Xiang Yu. The Three Qins ( Chinese: 三秦 Pinyin: Sān Qín) refer to three of the 19 principalities created by Xiang Yu in the aftermaths of the collapse Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. He quoted in his biography,"Establishment of the great," that "Those who earn their status by war are the most honorable of all. "

Although Xiang Yu was far superior in military ability to Liú Bāng, he was at a political disadvantage. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Xiang Yu kept defeating Liú in the battlefield, but each of his victories drove more people to support Liú. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. When Xiang Yu was finally defeated in the Battle of Gaixia, he could not recover and committed suicide. Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. The Battle of Gaixia (垓下之戰 was a Chinese battle in 202 BC, during the Chu-Han contention between rival rulers of China which followed the collapse

The war lasted five years (206–202 BC) and ended with Liú Bāng's victory. Having defeated Xiang Yu, Liú proclaimed himself emperor and established the Hàn Dynasty in 202 BC and made Cháng'ān (present city of Xi'an) his capital city. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Liú became historically known as Emperor Gāo of Hàn.

Reign as the Emperor

After Liu Bāng came into power, he re-centralised China based on Qín's model. He gradually replaced the original vassals, granting their lands to his relatives. Since the economy had been devastated by the war following the demise of the Qín Dynasty, he reduced taxes and corvée, developed agriculture and restricted spending. Corvée is labour often but not always unpaid that persons in power have authority to compel their subjects to perform unless commuted in some way such as by a cash payment sometimes this was However, in response to what he saw as the decadence of Qín merchants, he restricted commerce by levying heavy taxes and legal restrictions on merchants. He also made peace with the Xiongnu. The Xiongnu ( Turkish: Doğu Hun were a confederation of nomadic tribes from Central Asia with a ruling class of unknown origin and other subjugated tribes Under Gāozǔ's reign, Confucian thought gradually replaced Legalist thought; Confucian scholars were welcomed into his government, while the harsh Legalist laws were lessened. Confucianism ( is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the fifth century B In Chinese history, Legalism ( was one of the four main philosophic schools during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (the other Emperor Gāozǔ's efforts laid a solid foundation for the over four-hundred-year reign of the Hàn Dynasty.

Liú Bāng also devoted to subduing the unruly kings. He soon annexed most of the kingdoms and established principalities, with his sons and relatives as princes. By doing so he consolidated his new-born empire.

Personal information

See also

Notes

References

External links

Preceded by
(dynasty established)		 Western Han Dynasty
202 BC–195 BC		 Succeeded by
Emperor Hui of Han
Preceded by
Qin Er Shi of Qin Dynasty		 Emperor of China
202 BC–195 BC

The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with Early life and years as crown prince How Liu Ying's childhood was like is not completely clear Qin Er Shi (229 BC - beginning October 207 BC literally Second Emperor of Qin Dynasty, personal name Huhai, was emperor of the Qin The Emperor of China ( refers to any sovereign of Imperial China reigning since the founding of the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC until the fall of Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the Events By place Carthage Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with
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