Empúries (Catalan name; in Spanish: Ampurias) is a town on the Mediterranean coast, of the Catalan comarca of Alt Empordà. Catalan ˈkætəˌlæn ( català kətəˈla or) is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official This is a list of the comarques (singular "comarca") of Catalonia ( Spain) Alt Empordà ("Upper Empordà" is a comarca (county in Catalonia, Spain, one of two into which Empordà was divided by the comarcal It was founded in 575 BC by Greek colonists from Phocaea with the name of Εμπόριον ( Emporion — "market"). Events and trends 579 BC — Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as the sixth King of Rome. This article is about the ancient city For the modern city see Foça Phocaea, or Phokaia, (Φώκαια (modern-day Foça It was later occupied by the Romans, but in the Early Middle Ages the town was abandoned. The Early Middle Ages is a period in the History of Europe following the fall of the Western Roman Empire spanning roughly five centuries from AD 500
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History of Empúries
Empúries was founded on a small island at the mouth of the river Fluvià, in a region inhabited by the Indigetes. The Fluvià is a River in Catalonia. It rises in the Serralada Transversal, passes through Olot, and flows into the Mediterranean The Indigetes (latin indigetes or indigetae or Indiketes) were an ancient Iberian (Pre- Roman) people of the Iberian peninsula This city is known as the Palaiopolis. Towards 550 BC the inhabitants moved to the mainland, creating the Neapolis. Events and trends Carthage conquers Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
After the conquest of Phocaea by the Persian king Cyrus II in 530 BC, the city's population increased considerably through the influx of refugees. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Events and trends 539 BC — Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus; noted in such documents as that of Africanus In the face of strong pressure by Carthage, the city managed to retain its independence, thanks to the support of Greece and Rome. Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers Political and commercial agreements were concluded with the indigenous population (who founded the city of Indika, in the proximity of Empúries. Situated as it was on the commercial route between Massalia (Marseille) and Tartessos, the city developed into a large economic and commercial centre as well as being the largest Greek colony in the Iberian Peninsula. Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ Tartessos (also Tartessus) was a harbor city and its surrounding culture on the south coast of the The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra
During the Punic Wars, Empúries allied itself with Rome, and Publius Cornelius Scipio initiated the conquest of Hispania from this city in 218 BC. The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage between 264 and 146 BC and were probably the largest wars yet of the ancient The History of the city of Rome spans 2800 years of the existence of a city that grew from a small Italian village in the 9th century BC into the center Publius Cornelius Scipio (died 211 BC was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic. Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar Events By place Carthage A Carthaginian army under Hannibal attacks Rome's Spanish allies
Empúries under the Roman Empire
After the conquest of Hispania by the Romans, Empúries remained an independent city-state. A city-state is a Region controlled exclusively by a City, usually having Sovereignty. However, in the civil war between Pompey and Julius Caesar, it opted for Pompey, and after the latter's defeat it was stripped of its autonomy. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation A colony of Roman veterans, named Emporiae, was established near Indika to control the region.
From that time onwards, Empúries began to decline, obscured by the power of Tarraco (Tarragona) and Barcino (Barcelona). Tarragona (tərəˈɣonə in Catalan) is a city located in the south of Catalonia and east of Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia At the end of the 3rd century it became one of the first cities in Spain to admit Christian evangelists. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. In that century, too, the Greek town was abandoned while the Roman town survived until the Viking raids of the 9th century. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era.
Archaeological remains
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Although the precise location of the town was known since the 15th century, it was only in the 20th century that systematic excavations were carried out. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on These excavations are still going on.
The Palaiapolis
The island on which the Palaiopolos was situated is now part of the mainland and is the site of the mediaeval village of Sant Martí d'Empúries. The former harbour has silted up as well. Hardly any excavation has been done here.
After the founding of the Neapolis, the Palaiopolis seems to have functioned as an acropolis (fortress and temple). Acropolis (Gr akros akron edge extremity + polis city pl acropoleis Strabo mentions a temple dedicated to Artemis at this site. Strabo ( Greek: Στράβων 63/64 BC – ca AD 24 was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher. In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister
The Neapolis
The Neapolis consisted of a walled precinct with an irregular ground plan of 200 by 130 m. The walls were built, and repeatedly modified in the period from the 5th till the 2nd century BC. The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. The 2nd century BC started the first day of 200 BC and ended the last day of 101 BC. To the west the wall separated the Neapolis from the Iberian town of Indika.
In the south-west part of the city were various temples, replacing an older one to Artemis, such as a temple to Asclepius, of whom a marble statue was found. In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister Asclepius (pronounced /æsˈkliːpiːəs/, Greek, transliterated Asklēpiós; Latin Aesculapius) is the god of Medicine In the south-east part was a temple to Zeus-Serapis. Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology Serapis (Latin spelling or Sarapis in Greek was a syncretic Hellenistic - Egyptian god in Antiquity. The majority of the excavated buildings belong to the Hellenistic period. This article focuses on the historical aspects of the Hellenistic age for the cultural aspects see Hellenistic civilisation. In addition to houses (decorated with mosaics and paintings) there are a number of public buildings, such as the agora and the harbour mole. The Agora was an open "place of assembly" in ancient Greek city-states A mole is a massive structure usually of stone, used as a Pier, breakwater, or junction between places separated by water In the Roman period, thermae and a palaeochristian basilica were built. This page is on buildings used for Roman bathing For the activity in general see Ancient Roman bathing. Early Christianity is commonly defined as the Christianity of the three centuries between the Crucifixion of Jesus ( c The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek, Basiliké Stoà, Royal Stoa) was originally used to describe a Roman
To the south and east of the Neapolis was an area that served as a necropolis
The Roman city
Of the Roman city only some 20% has been excavated thus far. A necropolis (plural necropoleis or necropoles) is a large Cemetery or burial place (from Greek nekropolis "city of the dead" It has the typical orthogonal layout of Roman military camps, with two principal roads meeting at the forum. The Forum was the public space in the middle of a Roman city It had a great social importance and was often the scene of diverse activities including political discussions The city is considerably larger than the Greek one. During the Republican Period a temple was built dedicated to the Roman triad: Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the In Roman mythology, Jupiter was the king of the gods and the god of Sky and Thunder. Juno was the protector and special counselor of the Roman state The MInisterial NEtwoRk for Valorising Activities in digitisation, or MINERVA, is a European Union organization concerned with the digitisation of cultural and During the reign of the emperor Augustus a basilica and curia were added. Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek, Basiliké Stoà, Royal Stoa) was originally used to describe a Roman A Curia in early Roman times was a subdivision of the people i
In the eastern part of the town a number of large houses have been excavated, with an inner courtyard, numerous annexes, mosaics, and paintings. In the 2nd century the town was surrounded by a wall without towers. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Outside the wall an amphitheatre and palaestra were built. An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances For the sports arena in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania see Palestra.
See also
External links
This is a list of Greek place names. That is a list of the names of places as they exist in the Greek language.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic