Citizendia

"Emily Shirreff"

Born 1814
Died 1897
London
Education Paris
Occupation educationist
Spouse None
Children None
Parents Rear-Admiral William Henry Shirreff (1785–1847) and Elizabeth Anne Shirreff

Emily Anne Eliza Shirreff (3 November 1814 – 20 March 1897) was a pioneer in the movement for the higher education of women and the development of the Froebelian principles in England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Female education is a catch-all term for a complex of issues and debates surrounding education ( Primary education, Secondary education, Tertiary education Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (also written Fröbel ( April 21, 1782 &ndash June 21, 1852) laid the foundation for modern Education England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

Contents

Biography

Family

She was born on 3 November 1814, the second of four daughters and two sons born to Rear-Admiral William Henry Shirreff (1785–1847) and Elizabeth Anne Shirreff. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [1] She was very close to her sister Maria Shirreff (later Grey), with whom she collaborated with on educational and writing projects. Maria Georgina Grey (1816&ndash1906 was an Educationist and writer in the United Kingdom who promoted women’s education and was one of the founders of the

Education

Emily and her sisters were educated from a early age by a French governess called Adele Piqet, who had a limited education. A governess is a female employee of a family who teaches children within their home [2] In the 1820s the family lived in France where the father was stationed. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. [1] Emily was a bright scholar at an early age but after suffering from a severe illness at the age of seven she had to relearn the alphabet. Emily suffered from ill health for the rest of her life. [3]

At the age of 14 she was sent to a boarding school in Paris but the rough conditions at the school affected Emily’s poor health and she was removed a year later. A boarding school is a School where some or all pupils not only study but also live during term time with their fellow students and possibly teachers Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city In 1829, her father took command of HMS Warspite and moved his family to Avranche in Lower Normandy. Basse-Normandie ('Lower Normandy' is an administrative region of France. [4] In 1831 her father was appointed to Gibraltar and did not think it his daughters needed another governess, bringing their formal education to an end. Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar [5]

Maria and Emily continued to improve their education through ‘self-improvement’ by travelling extensively to France, Spain and Italy, reading in their father’s extensive library, and became acquainted with many intellectuals of the age through their father's contacts. [6]

Early writings

Emily and Maria first began to write together when Mrs Shirreff brought her daughters back to England in 1834. Their first publication, Letters from Spain and Barbary, was published in 1835. [1] Though Maria was married in 1841, the two sisters continued to write together and anonymously published a romantic novel, Passion and Principle. In 1850, they published Thoughts on Self-Culture Addressed to Women, in which they disapproved of traditional girls' education which only trained women to be dependent on men and not teach them to think for themselves. [7] In 1858, Shirreff published her first major solo work Intellectual Education and its Influence on the Character and Happiness of Women, which further highlighted Emily's belief that women should not be educated as 'man's subordinate'. [8]

Educational work

In the 1870s, the sisters actively turned their attention to promoting education. Emily helped raise funds for the North London Collegiate School and continued to write papers on women’s education. North London Collegiate School is a selective independent day school for girls in the London Borough of Harrow founded in 1850 [1] She was also an early mistress of Girton College, Cambridge, and remained connected to the College until her death. Girton College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. [9] Emily was one of the founders of the Froebel Society and was its president from 1876 until her death. She also wrote many articles and booklets on kindergarten education. ( German, literally means "children's garden" is a form of education for young children which serves as a transition from home to the commencement of more formal schooling Emily was also the vice-president of the Parents’ National Union. [1]

In 1871, with her sister, Mary Gurney, Lady Henrietta Maria Stanley of Alderley, and the support of HRH Princess Louise, Emily founded the National Union for the Improvement of the Education of Women of all Classes, (also known as the Women’s Education Union). The Princess Louise (Louise Caroline Alberta Marchioness of Lorne and Duchess of Argyll by marriage 18 March 1848 &ndash 3 December 1939 was a member of the [10]. Emily was heavily involved in the work of the union as its' honorary secretary and co-editor of its journal, the Journal of the Women’s Education Union. The Union also found the Girls’ Public Day School Company in 1872, which opened secondary schools for girls which offered the same educational opportunities as boys’ schools, and still operates today as the Girls' Day School Trust. The Girls' Day School Trust (GDST is a group of 29 Independent schools in England and Wales, catering for pupils aged 3 to 18 Emily was also involved in the Union’s foundation of an evening college for women and the teachers training and registration society. [11]

Other interests

Emily was also interested in other areas of research and supported women’s suffrage. Her opposition of the continuation of the use of slaves in southern USA was aired in her 1864 paper, The Chivalry of the South. In 1874 she joined the Women's Peace and Arbitration Auxiliary, (later the London Peace Society). She also wrote a biographical sketch of Henry Thomas Buckle, who had been a close friend, for an posthumous edition of his works in 1872. Henry Thomas Buckle ( November 24, 1821 - May 29, 1862) was an English Historian, author of a History of Civilization [1]

Later life

Emily had suffered from ill health all her life and became less active towards the end of her life She died in London on 20 March 1897 and was buried in Brompton cemetery. Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common [1]

Publications

Published Sources

This article incorporates text from an edition of the New International Encyclopedia that is in the public domain. The New International Encyclopedia was an English -language encyclopedia first published in the early 1900s The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Levine, Philippa (Oct 2005). "Shirreff, Emily Anne Eliza (1814–1897)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press.  
  2. ^ Ellsworth (1979). Liberators of the Female Mind, 8.  
  3. ^ Kamm (1971). Indicative Past:, 16.  
  4. ^ Ellsworth (1979). Liberators of the Female Mind, 8.  
  5. ^ Kamm (1971). Indicative Past, 16-17.  
  6. ^ Morrison, Oonagh (2 Jun 1966). "The Woman of Purpose". The Lady.  
  7. ^ Froebel Web (2002). Emily Shirreff 1814-1897. Froebel Web. Retrieved on 2008-04-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  8. ^ Univeristy of Glasgow, special collections. Emily Shirreff 1814-1897. On women's education. Retrieved on [[1]].
  9. ^ Girton College (6 March 2007). Girton College, Cambridge, Emily Ann Eliza Shirreff (1814–1897). Retrieved on 2008-04-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  10. ^ Kamm (1971). Indicative Past, 42-44.  
  11. ^ "Shirreff, Emily (Anne Eliza)". A historical dictionary of British women. . (2003). Europa. 392-393.  

See also

External links

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