Emile Verhaeren (Sint-Amands May 21, 1855 – Rouen November 27, 1916) was a Belgian poet who wrote in the French language, and one of the chief founders of the school of Symbolism. Pierre Gandon was a French illustrator and engraver of Postage stamps He was born January 20 1899 in L'Haÿ-les-Roses ( Val-de-Marne Théo (Théophile van Rysselberghe ( November 23, 1862, - December 14, 1926) was a Belgian neo-impressionist painter Théo (Théophile van Rysselberghe ( November 23, 1862, - December 14, 1926) was a Belgian neo-impressionist painter Sint-Amands is a Municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century Art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts
He was born in a Flemish, but French-speaking, middle-class family. Nevertheless Emile Verhaeren also spoke the local dialect (Dutch was not taught at school at that time). At the age of eleven, he was sent to a strict boarding school in Ghent, run by Jesuits, where he became completely Frenchified. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order He then went to study law at the University of Leuven. Here he produced his first literary efforts in a student paper. During those years, he became acquainted with like-minded students. They would later become his collaborators on the revolutionary artistic magazine "La Jeune Belgique".
Having gained his PhD in Law, he became a trainee (1881-1884) with Edmond Picard, a renowned criminal lawyer, who also played a pivotal role on the Brussels artistic scene. Emile Verhaeren came in frequent contact with young, radical writers and artists at a time of artistic renewal. He tried only two cases before a court before deciding to dedicate his life to poetry and literature.
He soon became the mouthpiece for the artistic revival at the turn of the century. Fascinated by the works of the painters of the artistic circle "Les XX", he wrote many articles in La Jeune Belgique and L'Art Moderne, with flamboyant criticism on the artistic-literary works of the Brussels art world. Les XX was a group of twenty Belgian painters designers and sculptors formed in 1883 by the Brussels lawyer publisher and entrepreneur Octave La Jeune Belgique (The Young Belgium was a Wallonian literary society and movement that published a French-language literary review La Jeune Belgique between 1881 His articles brought many promising young talents, such as James Ensor, to the attention of the public. James Sidney Edouard Baron Ensor ( April 13, 1860 - November 19 1949) was a Belgian painter and Printmaker
Through these articles, he became a lifelong friend of the Neo-impressionist Belgian painter Théo van Rysselberghe, resulting in a vast body of letters. Théo (Théophile van Rysselberghe ( November 23, 1862, - December 14, 1926) was a Belgian neo-impressionist painter In one of these letters, he was described by Maria van Rysselberghe, as "a unique personality, a whirlwind with an indomitable character, who didn't bother himself about bourgeois rules and who provoked or overwhelmed everybody by his straightforward directness".
He was one of the most prolific poets of his era. His first collection of poems "Les Flamandes" was published in 1883. Inspired by the paintings of Jacob Jordaens, David Teniers and Jan Steen, Verhaeren described in a direct and often provocative, naturalistic way his country and the Flemish people. Jacob Jordaens ( May 19, 1593 - October 18, 1678) was one of three Flemish Baroque painters, along with Peter Paul Rubens David Teniers the Elder (1582-1649 Flemish painter was born at Antwerp. Jan Havickszoon Steen (c 1626 – buried February 3 1679) was a Dutch genre painter of the 17th century (also known as the Dutch Naturalism is a movement in Theatre, film, and Literature that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to such It was an immediate success in avant-garde milieus, but caused a great deal of controversy in Catholic circles. His next book "Les Moines" (1886) was not the success he had hoped for. This, and his health problems, led to a deep crisis. In this period he published Les Soirs (1888), Les Débâcles (1888) and Les Flambeaux noirs (1891).
On 24 August 1891 he married Marthe Massin, a talented artist from Liège. Liège (ljɛːʒ Older English: Luick, Walloon: Lidje, German: Lüttich; Latin: Leodium, Dutch His new-found happiness found expression in three poetry books : Les Heures Claires (1896), Les Heures d’Après-midi (1905) and Les Heures du Soir (1911).
He wrote his first play "Les Aubes" in 1898. Here he waged a fight against social injustice and the decline of life in the countryside.
In 1898 he moved to Saint-Cloud, near Paris. Saint-Cloud is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city By the turn of the century, he had become world-famous. His works were translated into more than twenty languages. He travelled, giving lectures, throughout Europe. The outbreak of World War I had a devastating effect on the poet's deep pacifist feelings. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
When Emile Verhaeren died on 27 November 1916 at Rouen station (by falling under a train), it was Théo van Rysselberghe and his friend, the famous French writer (and later Nobel Prize winner) André Gide who had to inform Marthe Verhaeren of the tragic death of her husband. Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital
His vast body of work shows him as one of the most prominent figures in Belgian literature. He narrowly missed the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1911 (awarded to his friend Maurice Maeterlinck). The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Count Maeterlinck ( August 29, 1862 - May 6, 1949) was a Belgian Poet, Playwright,
St. Amands, his native city, has dedicated a museum to this giant of Belgian literature, showing many original manuscripts of his works and letters and also works of his artistic friends Théo van Rysselberghe, Leon Spilliaert, Constantin Meunier, Paul Signac and Ossip Zadkine. Théo (Théophile van Rysselberghe ( November 23, 1862, - December 14, 1926) was a Belgian neo-impressionist painter Constantin Meunier ( 12 April 1831 &ndash 4 April 1905) Belgian painter and sculptor, was born in Etterbeek Paul Signac ( November 11, 1863 – August 15, 1935) was a French neo-impressionist painter who working with Ossip Zadkine ( July 14, 1890 – November 25, 1967) was a Russian Artist and sculptor.
Principal works
- Les Flamandes, 1883
- Les moines, 1886
- Les soirs, 1888
- Les débâcles, 1888
- Les flambeaux noirs, 1891
- Les campagnes hallucinées, 1893
- Les villes tentaculaires, 1895
- Les heures claires, 1896
- Les visages de la vie, 1899
- Les forces tumultueuses, 1902
- La multiple splendeur, 1906
- Les rythmes souverains, 1910
- Les ailes rouges de la guerre, 1916
External links
- Selected poems by Verhaeren (in French): http://poesie.webnet.fr/auteurs/verhaere.html
- Works by Emile Verhaeren at Project Gutenberg
- LES CAMPAGNES HALLUCINEES, 1893
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